SimpleXlsxReader

A fast xlsx reader for Ruby that parses xlsx cell values into plain ruby primitives and dates/times.

This is not a rewrite of excel in Ruby. Font styles, for example, are parsed to determine whether a cell is a number or a date, then forgotten. We just want to get the data, and get out!

Summary (now with stream parsing):

doc = SimpleXlsxReader.open('/path/to/workbook.xlsx')
doc.sheets # => [<#SXR::Sheet>, ...]
doc.sheets.first.name # 'Sheet1'
rows = doc.sheet.first.rows # <SXR::Document::RowsProxy>
rows.each # an <Enumerator> ready to chain or stream
rows.each {} # Streams the rows to your block
rows.each(headers: true) {} # Streams row-hashes
rows.each(headers: {id: /ID/}) {} # finds & maps headers, streams
rows.slurp # Slurps rows into memory as a 2D array

That's the gist of it!

See also the Document object.

Why?

Accurate

This project was started years ago, primarily because other Ruby xlsx parsers didn't import data with the correct types. Numbers as strings, dates as numbers, hyperlinks with inaccessible URLs, or - subtly buggy - simple dates as DateTime objects. If your app uses a timezone offset, depending on what timezone and what time of day you load the xlsx file, your dates might end up a day off! SimpleXlsxReader understands all these correctly.

Idiomatic

Many Ruby xlsx parsers seem to be inspired more by Excel than Ruby, frankly. SimpleXlsxReader strives to be fairly idiomatic Ruby:

# quick example having fun w/ ruby
doc = SimpleXlsxReader.open(file_path) # or SimpleXlsxReader.parse(string_or_io)
doc.sheets.first.rows.each(headers: {id: /ID/})
  .with_index.with_object({}) do |(row, index), acc|
    acc[row[:id]] = index
end

Now faster

Finally, as of v2.0, SimpleXlsxReader is the fastest and most memory-efficient parser. Previously this project couldn't reasonably load anything over ~10k rows. Other parsers could load 100k+ rows, but were still taking ~1gb RSS to do so, even "streaming," which seemed excessive. So a SAX implementation was born. See performance for details.

Usage

Streaming

SimpleXlsxReader is performant by default - If you use rows.each {|row| ...} it will stream the XLSX rows to your block without loading either the sheet XML or the full sheet data into memory.

You can also chain rows.each with other Enumerable functions without triggering a slurp, and you have lots of ways to find and map headers while streaming.

If you had an excel sheet representing this data:

| Hero ID | Hero Name  | Location     |
| 13576   | Samus Aran | Planet Zebes |
| 117     | John Halo  | Ring World   |
| 9704133 | Iron Man   | Planet Earth |

Get a handle on the rows proxy:

rows = SimpleXlsxReader.open('suited_heroes.xlsx').sheets.first.rows

Simple streaming (kinda boring):

rows.each { |row| ... }

Streaming with headers, and how about a little enumerable chaining:

# Map of hero names by ID: { 117 => 'John Halo', ... }

rows.each(headers: true).with_object({}) do |row, acc|
  acc[row['Hero ID']] = row['Hero Name']
end

Sometimes though you have some junk at the top of your spreadsheet:

| Unofficial Report  |                        |              |
| Dont tell Nintendo | Yes "John Halo" I know |              |
|                    |                        |              |
| Hero ID            | Hero Name              | Location     |
| 13576              | Samus Aran             | Planet Zebes |
| 117                | John Halo              | Ring World   |
| 9704133            | Iron Man               | Planet Earth |

For this, headers can be a hash whose keys replace headers and whose values help find the correct header row:

# Same map of hero names by ID: { 117 => 'John Halo', ... }

rows.each(headers: {id: /ID/, name: /Name/}).with_object({}) do |row, acc|
  acc[row[:id]] = row[:name]
end

If your header-to-attribute mapping is more complicated than key/value, you can do the mapping elsewhere, but use a block to find the header row:

# Example roughly analogous to some production code mapping a single spreadsheet
# across many objects. Might be a simpler way now that we have the headers-hash
# feature.

object_map = { Hero => { id: 'Hero ID', name: 'Hero Name', location: 'Location' } }

HEADERS = ['Hero ID', 'Hero Name', 'Location']

rows.each(headers: ->(row) { (HEADERS & row).any? }) do |row|
  object_map.each_pair do |klass, attribute_map|
    attributes =
      attribute_map.each_pair.with_object({}) do |(key, header), attrs|
        attrs[key] = row[header]
      end

    klass.new(attributes)
  end
end

Slurping

To make SimpleXlsxReader rows act like an array, for use with legacy SimpleXlsxReader apps or otherwise, we still support slurping the whole array into memory. The good news is even when doing this, the xlsx worksheet & shared string files are never loaded as a (big) Nokogiri doc, so that's nice.

By default, to prevent accidental slurping, <RowsProxy> will throw an exception if you try to access it with array methods like [] and shift without explicitly slurping first. You can slurp either by calling rows.slurp or globally by setting SimpleXlsxReader.configuration.auto_slurp = true.

Once slurped, enumerable methods on rows will use the slurped data (i.e. not re-parse the sheet), and those Array-like methods will work.

We don't support all Array methods, just the few we have used in real projects, as we transition towards streaming instead.

Load Errors

By default, cell load errors (ex. if a date cell contains the string 'hello') result in a SimpleXlsxReader::CellLoadError.

If you would like to provide better error feedback to your users, you can set SimpleXlsxReader.configuration.catch_cell_load_errors = true, and load errors will instead be inserted into Sheet#load_errors keyed by [rownum, colnum]:

{
  [rownum, colnum] => '[error]'
}

Performance

SimpleXlsxReader is (as of this writing) the fastest and most memory efficient Ruby xlsx parser.

Recent updates here have focused on large spreadsheets with especially non-unique strings in sheets using xlsx' shared strings feature (Excel-generated spreadsheets always use this). Other projects have implemented streaming parsers for the sheet data, but currently none stream while loading the shared strings file, which is the second-largest file in an xlsx archive and can represent millions of strings in large files.

For more details, see my fork of @shkm's excel benchmark project, but here's the summary:

1mb excel file, 10,000 rows of sample "sales records" with a fair amount of non-unique strings (ran on an M1 Macbook Pro):

Gem	Parses/second	RSS Increase	Allocated Mem	Retained Mem	Allocated Objects	Retained Objects
simple_xlsx_reader	1.13	36.94mb	614.51mb	1.13kb	8796275	3
roo	0.75	74.0mb	164.47mb	2.18kb	2128396	4
creek	0.65	107.55mb	581.38mb	3.3kb	7240760	16
xsv	0.61	75.66mb	2127.42mb	3.66kb	5922563	10
rubyxl	0.27	373.52mb	716.7mb	2.18kb	10612577	4

Here is a benchmark for the "worst" file I've seen, a 26mb file whose shared strings represent 10% of the archive (note, MemoryProfiler has too much overhead to reasonably measure allocations so that analysis was left off, and we just measure total time for one parse):

Gem	Time	RSS Increase
simple_xlsx_reader	28.71s	148.77mb
roo	40.25s	1322.08mb
xsv	45.82s	391.27mb
creek	60.63s	886.81mb
rubyxl	238.68s	9136.3mb

Installation

Add this line to your application's Gemfile:

gem 'simple_xlsx_reader'

And then execute:

$ bundle

Or install it yourself as:

$ gem install simple_xlsx_reader

Versioning

This project follows semantic versioning 1.0

Contributing

Remember to write tests, think about edge cases, and run the existing suite.

The full suite contains a performance test that on an M1 MBP runs the final large file in about five seconds. Check out that test before & after your change to check for performance changes.

Then, the standard stuff:

1. Fork this project
2. Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
3. Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Add some feature')
4. Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
5. Create new Pull Request