Improve the SyntaxError constructor; add `SyntaxError.print_file_an…

…d_line` (#13141)

stdlib/@tests/stubtest_allowlists/common.txt

@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ xml.sax.expatreader
 _thread.RLock
 _threading_local._localimpl.localargs
 _threading_local._localimpl.locallock
-builtins.SyntaxError.print_file_and_line
 bz2.BZ2File.peek
 codecs.StreamReader.charbuffertype
 codecs.StreamReader.seek

stdlib/builtins.pyi

@@ -1963,14 +1963,33 @@ class StopAsyncIteration(Exception):
 
 class SyntaxError(Exception):
     msg: str
+    filename: str | None
     lineno: int | None
     offset: int | None
     text: str | None
-    filename: str | None
+    # Errors are displayed differently if this attribute exists on the exception.
+    # The value is always None.
+    print_file_and_line: None
     if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
         end_lineno: int | None
         end_offset: int | None
 
+    @overload
+    def __init__(self) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def __init__(self, msg: object, /) -> None: ...
+    # Second argument is the tuple (filename, lineno, offset, text)
+    @overload
+    def __init__(self, msg: str, info: tuple[str | None, int | None, int | None, str | None], /) -> None: ...
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+        # end_lineno and end_offset must both be provided if one is.
+        @overload
+        def __init__(
+            self, msg: str, info: tuple[str | None, int | None, int | None, str | None, int | None, int | None], /
+        ) -> None: ...
+    # If you provide more than two arguments, it still creates the SyntaxError, but
+    # the arguments from the info tuple are not parsed. This form is omitted.
+
 class SystemError(Exception): ...
 class TypeError(Exception): ...
 class ValueError(Exception): ...