docs: Miscellaneous minor updates/fixes

[alexander-beedie]

Fixed a few minor gremlins in Python/Rust docstrings:

• Updated "casted" → "cast" (it's irregular, so the past tense still conjugates as "cast" :)
• Updated "consecutives" → "consecutive" in a few places.
• Some "polars" → "Polars" adjustments for consistency.
• Fixed the output of the "reinterpret" example.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 78.98%. Comparing base (e360e0a) to head (aa1e2d5).
Report is 6 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main   #20573   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   78.98%   78.98%           
=======================================
  Files        1564     1564           
  Lines      220759   220765    +6     
  Branches     2504     2504           
=======================================
+ Hits       174363   174378   +15     
+ Misses      45822    45813    -9     
  Partials      574      574           

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