A few steps were taken to transform the initial data set. The test and train sets have were merged and the subject identifiers and activity labels were pulled in to create a single data set. The activity identifiers were translated from identifiers into human-readable names. Only the mean and standard deviation variables were kept. Those variables were further summarized by taking their mean for each subject/activity pair. The data is in "wide" format as described by Wickham; there is a single row for each subject/activity pair, and a single column for each measurement.
The final data set can be found in the tidy.txt file, which can be read into R with read.table("tidy.txt", header = TRUE). A detailed description of the variables can be found in CodeBook.md. The basic naming convention is:
Mean{timeOrFreq}{measurement}{meanOrStd}{XYZ}
Where timeOrFreq is either Time or Frequency, indicating whether the measurement comes from the time or frequency domain, measurement is one of the original measurement features, meanOrStd is either Mean or StdDev, indicating whether the measurement was a mean or standard deviation variable, and XYZ is X, Y, or Z, indicating the axis along which the measurement was taken, or nothing, for magnitude measurements