hdfs2cass

hdfs2cass is a wrapper around BulkOutputFormat(s) of Apache Cassandra (C*). It is written using Apache Crunch's API in attempt to make moving data from Hadoop's HDFS into C* easy.

Quickstart

Here's a quick walkthrough of what needs to be done to successfully run hdfs2cass.

Set up a C* cluster

To start with, let's assume we have a C* cluster running somewhere and one host in that cluster having a hostname of:

cassandra-host.example.net

In that cluster, we create the following schema:

CREATE KEYSPACE example WITH replication = {
  'class': 'SimpleStrategy', 'replication_factor': '1'};
CREATE TABLE example.songstreams (
  user_id text,
  timestamp bigint,
  song_id text,
  PRIMARY KEY (user_id));

Get some Avro files

Next, we'll need some Avro files. Check out this tutorial to see how to get started with Avro. We will assume the Avro files have this schema:

{"namespace": "example.hdfs2cass",
 "type": "record",
 "name": "SongStream",
 "fields": [
     {"name": "user_id", "type": "string"},
     {"name": "timestamp", "type": "int"},
     {"name": "song_id", "type": "int"}
 ]
}

We will place files of this schema on our (imaginary) Hadoop file system (HDFS) to a location

hdfs:///example/path/songstreams

Run hdfs2cass

Things should™ work out of the box by doing:

$ git clone this-repository && cd this-repository
$ mvn package
$ JAR=target/spotify-hdfs2cass-2.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar
$ CLASS=com.spotify.hdfs2cass.Hdfs2Cass
$ INPUT=/example/path/songstreams
$ OUTPUT=cql://cassandra-host.example.net/example/songstreams?reducers=5
$ hadoop jar $JAR $CLASS --input $INPUT --output $OUTPUT

This should run a hdfs2cass export with 5 reducers.

Check data in C*

If we're lucky, we should eventually see our data in C*:

$ cqlsh $(cassandra-host.example.net) -e "SELECT * from example.songstreams limit 1;"

  user_id |  timestamp |   song_id
----------+------------+----------
rincewind |   12345678 | 43e0-e12s

Additional Arguments

hdfs2cass supports additional arguments:

• --rowkey to determine which field from the input records to use as row key, defaults to the first field in the record
• --timestamp to specify the timestamp of values in C*, defaults to now
• --ttl to specify the TTL of values in C*, defaults to 0
• --ignore to omit fields from source records, can be repeated to specify multiple fields

Output URI Format

The format of the output URI is:

(cql|thrift)://cassandra-host[:port]/keyspace/table?args...

The protocols in the output URI can be either cql or thrift. They are used to determine what type of C* column family the data is imported into. The port is the binary protocol port C* listens to client connections on.

The params... are all optional. They can be:

• buffersize=N - Size of temporary SSTables built before streaming. Example buffersize=64 will cause SSTables of size 64 MB to be built.
• columnnames=N1,N2 - Relevant for CQL. Used to override inferred order of columns in the prepared insert statement. See this for more info.
• compressionclass=S - What compression to use when building SSTables. Defaults to whichever the table was created with.
• copiers=N - The default number of parallel transfers run by reduce during the copy (shuffle) phase. Defaults to 5.
• distributerandomly - Used in the shuffle phase. By default, data is grouped on reducers by C*'s partitioner. This option disables that.
• mappers=N - How many mappers should the job run with. By default this number is determined by magic.
• reducers=N - How many reducers should the job run with. Having too few reducers for a lot of data will cause the job to fail.
• streamthrottlembits=N - Maximum throughput allowed when streaming the SSTables. Defaults to C*'s default.
• rpcport=N - Port used to stream the SSTables. Defaults to the port C* uses for streaming internally.

More info

For more examples and information, please go ahead and check how hdfs2cass works. You'll find examples of Apache Crunch jobs that can serve as a source of inspiration.