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Synopsis
Nathan Waddell edited this page Jun 28, 2017
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First, some safe examples:
use IO::All;
# Some of the many ways to read a whole file into a scalar
$contents = io->file('file.txt')->slurp; # Read an entire file
@files = io->dir('lib')->all; # Get a list of files
$tail = io->pipe('-| tail app.log'); # Open a pipe to a command
$line = $tail->getline; # Read from the pipe
That said, there are a lot more things that are very convenient and will help you write code very quickly, though they should be used judiciously:
use IO::All; # Let the madness begin...
# Some of the many ways to read a whole file into a scalar
io('file.txt') > $contents; # Overloaded "arrow"
$contents < io 'file.txt'; # Flipped but same operation
$io = io 'file.txt'; # Create a new IO::All object
$contents = $$io; # Overloaded scalar dereference
$contents = $io->all; # A method to read everything
$contents = $io->slurp; # Another method for that
$contents = join '', $io->getlines; # Join the separate lines
$contents = join '', map "$_\n", @$io; # Same. Overloaded array deref
$io->tie; # Tie the object as a handle
$contents = join '', <$io>; # And use it in builtins
# and the list goes on ...
# Other file operations:
@lines = io('file.txt')->slurp; # List context slurp
$content > io('file.txt'); # Print to a file
io('file.txt')->print($content, $more); # (ditto)
$content >> io('file.txt'); # Append to a file
io('file.txt')->append($content); # (ditto)
$content << $io; # Append to a string
io('copy.txt') < io('file.txt'); $ Copy a file
io('file.txt') > io('copy.txt'); # Invokes File::Copy
io('more.txt') >> io('all.txt'); # Add on to a file
io('dir/') < io('file.txt'); $ Copy a file to a directory
io('file.txt') > io('dir/'); # Invokes File::Copy
io('more.txt') >> io('dir/'); # Add on to a file in the dir
# UTF-8 Support
$contents = io('file.txt')->utf8->all; # Turn on utf8
use IO::All -utf8; # Turn on utf8 for all io
$contents = io('file.txt')->all; # by default in this package.
# General Encoding Support
$contents = io('file.txt')->encoding('big5')->all;
use IO::All -encoding => 'big5'; # Turn on big5 for all io
$contents = io('file.txt')->all; # by default in this package.
# Print the path name of a file:
print $io->name; # The direct method
print "$io"; # Object stringifies to name
print $io; # Quotes not needed here
print $io->filename; # The file portion only
$io->os('win32'); # change the object to be a
# win32 path
print $io->ext; # The file extension only
print $io->mimetype; # The mimetype, requires a
# working File::MimeType
# Read all the files/directories in a directory:
$io = io('my/directory/'); # Create new directory object
@contents = $io->all; # Get all contents of dir
@contents = @$io; # Directory as an array
@contents = values %$io; # Directory as a hash
push @contents, $subdir # One at a time
while $subdir = $io->next;
# Print the name and file type for all the contents above:
print "$_ is a " . $_->type . "\n" # Each element of @contents
for @contents; # is an IO::All object!!
# Print first line of each file:
print $_->getline # getline gets one line
for io('dir')->all_files; # Files only
# Print names of all files/dirs three directories deep:
print "$_\n" for $io->all(3); # Pass in the depth. Default=1
# Print names of all files/dirs recursively:
print "$_\n" for $io->all(0); # Zero means all the way down
print "$_\n" for $io->All; # Capitalized shortcut
print "$_\n" for $io->deep->all; # Another way
# There are some special file names:
print io('-'); # Print STDIN to STDOUT
io('-') > io('-'); # Do it again
io('-') < io('-'); # Same. Context sensitive.
"Bad puppy" > io('='); # Message to STDERR
$string_file = io('$'); # Create string based filehandle
$temp_file = io('?'); # Create a temporary file
# Socket operations:
$server = io('localhost:5555')->fork; # Create a daemon socket
$connection = $server->accept; # Get a connection socket
$input < $connection; # Get some data from it
"Thank you!" > $connection; # Thank the caller
$connection->close; # Hang up
io(':6666')->accept->slurp > io->devnull; # Take a complaint and file it
# DBM database operations:
$dbm = io 'my/database'; # Create a database object
print $dbm->{grocery_list}; # Hash context makes it a DBM
$dbm->{todo} = $new_list; # Write to database
$dbm->dbm('GDBM_file'); # Demand specific DBM
io('mydb')->mldbm->{env} = \%ENV; # MLDBM support
# Tie::File support:
$io = io 'file.txt';
$io->[42] = 'Line Forty Three'; # Change a line
print $io->[@$io / 2]; # Print middle line
@$io = reverse @$io; # Reverse lines in a file
# Stat functions:
printf "%s %s %s\n", # Print name, uid and size of
$_->name, $_->uid, $_->size # contents of current directory
for io('.')->all;
print "$_\n" for sort # Use mtime method to sort all
{$b->mtime <=> $a->mtime} # files under current directory
io('.')->All_Files; # by recent modification time.
# File::Spec support:
$contents < io->catfile(qw(dir file.txt)); # Portable IO operation
# Miscellaneous:
@lines = io('file.txt')->chomp->slurp; # Chomp as you slurp
@chunks =
io('file.txt')->separator('xxx')->slurp; # Use alternnate record sep
$binary = io('file.bin')->binary->all; # Read a binary file
io('a-symlink')->readlink->slurp; # Readlink returns an object
print io('foo')->absolute->pathname; # Print absolute path of foo
# IO::All External Plugin Methods
io("myfile") > io->("ftp://store.org"); # Upload a file using ftp
$html < io->http("www.google.com"); # Grab a web page
io('mailto:[email protected]')->print($spam); # Email a "friend"
# This is just the beginning, read on...`