Upgrade to Go 1.23.4

[rolandshoemaker]

Additionally, don't override the go.mod version for the http2/hc fuzz case.

This fixes a handfull of build failures in the golang project.

[github-actions]

rolandshoemaker is either the primary contact or is in the CCs list of projects/golang.
rolandshoemaker has previously contributed to projects/golang. The previous PR was #11663

[AdamKorcz]

Thanks @rolandshoemaker I fixed the Golang build yesterday with #12908.

Closing.

[AdamKorcz]

We can merge your changes in infra/base-images/base-builder/install_go.sh. Can you rebase and discard the changes in projects/golang/build.sh?

[rolandshoemaker]

@AdamKorcz Ah, I missed your change, thanks for that!

I don't think this change is strictly necessary now, but it's probably good to keep the base Go installation in sync. Reverted the projects/golang/build.sh changes.

[DavidKorczynski]

/gcbrun trial_build.py go --fuzzing-engines libfuzzer --sanitizers coverage address

[DavidKorczynski]

This looks good, two projects fail, dgraph which is unrelated to this PR and now fixed in #12920 and cockroachdb which @AdamKorcz will create a PR to fix following this. This is good to go.