Overview

There is a possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2021-22942.

Versions Affected: >= 6.0.0.
Not affected: < 6.0.0
Fixed Versions: 6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1

Impact

Specially crafted “X-Forwarded-Host” headers in combination with certain “allowed host” formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website.

Impacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot. For example, configuration files that look like this:

config.hosts <<  '.EXAMPLE.com'

When an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted Host header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.

This vulnerability is similar to CVE-2021-22881, but CVE-2021-22881 did not take in to account domain name case sensitivity.

Releases

The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds

In the case a patch can’t be applied, the following monkey patch can be used in an initializer:

module ActionDispatch
  class HostAuthorization
    HOSTNAME = /[a-z0-9.-]+|\[[a-f0-9]*:[a-f0-9.:]+\]/i
    VALID_ORIGIN_HOST = /\A(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\d+)?\z/
    VALID_FORWARDED_HOST = /(?:\A|,[ ]?)(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\d+)?\z/

    private
      def authorized?(request)
        origin_host =
          request.get_header("HTTP_HOST")&.slice(VALID_ORIGIN_HOST, 1) || ""
        forwarded_host =
          request.x_forwarded_host&.slice(VALID_FORWARDED_HOST, 1) || ""
        @permissions.allows?(origin_host) &&
          (forwarded_host.blank? || @permissions.allows?(forwarded_host))
      end
  end
end

References

• https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22942
• https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2021-22942
• https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionpack/CVE-2021-22942.yml
• https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/wB5tRn7h36c
• https://rubygems.org/gems/actionpack
• https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/
• http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5
• https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5372
• https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240202-0005/