core, editoast, python: stop train on next signal instead of OP

[louisgreiner]

Close https://github.com/osrd-project/osrd-confidential/issues/892
Close https://github.com/osrd-project/osrd-confidential/issues/830

[codecov-commenter]

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Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 79.87%. Comparing base (6a105bf) to head (101da24).

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Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              dev   #10200      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   79.93%   79.87%   -0.07%     
==========================================
  Files        1057     1039      -18     
  Lines      106302   105482     -820     
  Branches      724      724              
==========================================
- Hits        84977    84256     -721     
+ Misses      21283    21184      -99     
  Partials       42       42              

Flag	Coverage Δ
editoast	73.89% <100.00%> (-0.02%)	⬇️
front	89.19% <ø> (ø)
gateway	2.18% <ø> (ø)
osrdyne	3.28% <ø> (ø)
railjson_generator	87.50% <ø> (ø)
tests	?

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