This repo is no longer maintained and some of the content may be out of date.

Instead you can find all this information and more at https://howtotarget.email/

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Email client CSS targeting

This is a list of tricks used to target individual email clients. These are hacky and likely to change, use it as a list of possible suggestions not a set of reliable rules.

Airmail

.bloop_container .foo

Android

_:-webkit-full-screen, :root .foo and @media screen and (pointer) { .foo}

- 2.3

@media screen and (min-width:0\0){ .foo } This broken media query will also show in Outlook 00-03 so may need to add an IE conditional comment.

- 4.2

_:-webkit-full-screen, :root .foo This won't render on iOS devices but will render on desktop so may need a max-device-width media query.

- 4.4

body[style] div[style="margin: 16px 0; font-size: 80%"]

AOL

***AOL now uses Yahoo rendering but the previous hack was ***

.★:not(#★) AOL respects a unicode name for a class but not for an ID, it will remove the ID completely from the element.

.body AOL also removes class from the body tag so you can use .body to avoid AOL

Apple Mail

- 10 - current

.Singleton .foo

- 8

_:-webkit-full-screen, _::-webkit-full-page-media, _:future, :root .foo

Edison

#edo-container .foo Will cover both iOS and Android

- Android

.edo-email-view .foo

- iOS

.edo .foo

Freenet

• #msgBody .foo
• The head and body structure of the email is removed, making content in the head, siblings of that in the body, so we can target this with; meta ~ * .foo or title ~ * .foo Applies to Thunderbird, Freenet(title only), Orange.fr, Samsung

Gmail/Inbox

u + .body .foo Gmail changes the doctype to <u></u> this is placed adjacent to a div that inherits class and id from the body tag.

- Gmail app on android

div > u + .body .foo This doesn't cover Inbox, only Gmail and only Android.

GMX, web.de

Work in progress. Any class or id name prefixed with an unsupported character will kill all the styles following it. These include &, 1, ★, ~.

- GMX Samsung7

body[style*="overflow-wrap:break-word"]

Small possibility this will cause conflict

iCloud

*Work in progress. *Links have rel="noreferrer" added. Strips a number of attributes including role aria data-

iOS

@supports (-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch) and (color:#ffff) { .foo } Works for 10+

Newton

Mobile - .cm_mail .foo Desktop - #cm_mail_smart_body .foo

Nine

.body > div > div > .wrapper .foo Nine inserts a couple of Div's between the body and the wrapper. Same hack also targets Samsung and possibly others.

Notes

.unused.foo Only works on Notes 8, it will strip the unrecognised class and render the code behind.

Open-Xchange (Comcast, Libero, Virgin Media)

Open-Xchange powers a number fo different email clients, including; Comcast, Libero, 1&1 MailXchange, Network Solutions Secure Mail, Namecheap Email Hosting, Mailbox.org, 123-reg Email, acens Correo Professional, Home.pl Cloud Email Xchange, Virgin Media Mail, Ziggo Mail. They prefix class and ID names with ox- so we can target them with this .foo[class^="ox-"] Link to sanitizer docs Which appears to be built on top of DOMPurify List of email clients on wikipedia

Orange

The head and body structure of the email is removed, making content in the head, siblings of that in the body, so we can target this with; meta ~ * .foo or title ~ * .foo Applies to Thunderbird, Freenet(title only), Orange.fr, Samsung

Outlook

- Desktop windows

.& This is an invalid selector but works in MSO outlook.

To show content: <!--[if mso]> <![endif]--> <!--[if true]> <![endif]--> <!--[if vml]> <![endif]--> To hide content <!--[if mso]><!--> <!--<![endif]--> <!--[if false]> <![endif]--> Other conditional <!--[if IE]> <![endif]--> <!--[if WindowsEdition]> <![endif]-->

- Desktop mac

_:-webkit-full-screen, _::-webkit-full-page-media, _:future, :root .body:not(.Singleton) .foo The stuff before .body will target webkit desktop apps on mac (Applemail and Outlook Mac), then we add the :not(.Singleton) to remove Applemail.

This also targets Spark desktop app.

To be able to inspect element in Outlook Mac, and some other desktop Mac email clients, open terminal and paste in this line

defaults write NSGlobalDomain WebKitDeveloperExtras -bool true

- Webmail

[owa].foo x:default .foo

Adding \0/ to the end of a style e.g. background:red\0/; will also render in Apps and Outlook 2000-2003

- iOS app

body[data-outlook-cycle] this attribute is added to both iOS and Android apps, also renders in webmail if you drop the body and just use the attribute.

There appears to be some inconsistencies in app versions body[style*="touch-action: manipulation;"] .foo Sometime code in a linked style sheet will render.

- Android app

body[data-outlook-cycle] this attribute is added to both iOS and Android apps, also renders in webmail if you drop the body and just use the attribute.

[data-outlook-cycle*="INSERT_STYLES"] will target only non Microsoft email addresses @hotmail, @live, @outlook etc. on iOS.

Postbox

.moz-text-html .foo Same hack as thunderbird, if rendering is different we can add to this.

Samsung

- S4

#secdiv

- S5 to S9 - (double check s9)

• #MessageViewBody
• .body > div > div > .wrapper .foo Samsung inserts a couple of Div's between the body and the wrapper. Same hack as Nine.
• The head and body structure of the email is removed, making content in the head, siblings of that in the body, so we can target this with; meta ~ * .foo or title ~ * .foo Applies to Thunderbird, Freenet(title only), Orange.fr, Samsung

Spark

- desktop

_:-webkit-full-screen, _::-webkit-full-page-media, _:future, :root .body:not(.Singleton) Same target as Outlook mac

Thunderbird

• .moz-text-html .foo
• This class is placed on a div inserted between the body and the wrapper so you can also do something like body > div > .wrapper .foo
• The head and body structure of the email is removed, making content in the head, siblings of that in the body, so we can target this with; meta ~ * .foo or title ~ * .foo Applies to Thunderbird, Freenet(title only), Orange.fr, Samsung

T-online.de

<!--[if false]> T-Online <![endif]--> or <!--[if !true]> T-Online <![endif]--> Supports ANY conditional comment but needs to be something valid so IE Outlooks don't show it.

Windows Phone, Surface

_:-ms-input-placeholder, :root .foo _:-ms-fullscreen, :root .foo These are from very old test, possible overlaps with Windows Phone.

Yahoo, AOL

.& .foo{} Yahoo and AOL will replace the .& with their wrapping id name. It can also be used to target element selectors .&h1{} and the wrapping div itself .&{}

@media screen yahoo{ .foo } Yahoo & AOL remove invalid media query selectors so will render the above as @media screen {}. Yahoo doesn't support max-device-width so makes it tricky to split mobile but we can use max-width

We can also separate yahoo from AOL using id="★foo" which AOL will strip out but yahoo will leave. AOL also strips <title> and empty <style> elements

- iOS app

(tbc)

- Android app

Android will ignore styles in the head. We can change this by adding an additional head before the real head. <head></head><head> - styles etc. - </head>