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Hive数据类型.md

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Hive 数据类型

基本的数据类型,比如数字、字符串、布尔,甚至二进制这种,都很简单,不说了,主要看 Hive 支持的三种复合数据类型:Struct、Map、Array。

创建表:

create table first (
  arr ARRAY<STRING>,
  m MAP<STRING, STRING>,
  address STRUCT<streat:STRING, city:STRING, state:STRING, zip: INT>
)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY '|'
COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ','
MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY ':'
STORED AS TEXTFILE;

注意这里的 STORED AS TEXTFILE,只有 TEXTFILE 格式的数据才能从 txt 文件中导入!默认格式是 ORC 的,如果想从本地的文本文件传到 HDFS 的 ORC 格式的文件中,可以这样子:

create table first_orc (
  arr ARRAY<STRING>,
  m MAP<STRING, STRING>,
  address STRUCT<streat:STRING, city:STRING, state:STRING, zip: INT>
)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY '|'
COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ','
MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY ':';

INSERT INTO TABLE first_orc SELECT * FROM first;

插入数据:

insert into table first
  values (
     array('aaa'),
     map('key1', 'value'),
     named_struct('streat', 'aaa', 'city', 'aaa', 'state', 'aaa', 'zip', 1)
  );

查找 struct 下的某一项值:

select address.streat from first;

从文件中加载数据:

文件内容如下:

aaa,bbb,ccc|aaa:bbb,ccc:ddd|bbb,bbb,bbb,2

填入数据:

LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH '/tmp/test.txt' OVERWRITE INTO TABLE first;

如果 zip 不是 int ,则会被设置为 null !