diff --git a/src/lib/FormatManager.ts b/src/lib/FormatManager.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88f95e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/FormatManager.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+import AssetManager from './AssetManager';
+
+interface FormatConstructor<T> {
+  new (...args: any[]): T;
+}
+
+interface Format<T> {
+  load: (data: ArrayBuffer) => T;
+}
+
+class FormatManager {
+  #assetManager: AssetManager;
+  #loaded = new Map<string, any>();
+  #loading = new Map<string, Promise<any>>();
+
+  constructor(assetManager: AssetManager) {
+    this.#assetManager = assetManager;
+  }
+
+  get<T extends Format<T>>(
+    path: string,
+    FormatClass: FormatConstructor<T>,
+    ...formatConstructorArgs: any[]
+  ): Promise<T> {
+    const cacheKey = `${path}:${FormatClass.prototype.constructor.name}:${formatConstructorArgs}`;
+
+    const loaded = this.#loaded.get(cacheKey);
+    if (loaded) {
+      return Promise.resolve(loaded);
+    }
+
+    const alreadyLoading = this.#loading.get(cacheKey);
+    if (alreadyLoading) {
+      return alreadyLoading;
+    }
+
+    const loading = this.#load(cacheKey, path, FormatClass, formatConstructorArgs);
+    this.#loading.set(cacheKey, loading);
+
+    return loading;
+  }
+
+  async #load<T extends Format<T>>(
+    cacheKey: string,
+    path: string,
+    FormatClass: FormatConstructor<T>,
+    formatConstructorArgs: any[],
+  ): Promise<T> {
+    let instance: T;
+    try {
+      const data = await this.#assetManager.get(path);
+      instance = new FormatClass(...formatConstructorArgs).load(data);
+
+      this.#loaded.set(cacheKey, instance);
+    } finally {
+      this.#loading.delete(cacheKey);
+    }
+
+    return instance;
+  }
+}
+
+export default FormatManager;
+
+export { FormatManager };
diff --git a/src/spec/FormatManager.spec.ts b/src/spec/FormatManager.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20382e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/spec/FormatManager.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import FormatManager from '../lib/FormatManager';
+import AssetManager from '../lib/AssetManager';
+import { describe, expect, Mock, test, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+const getMockAssetManager = () => {
+  const assetManager = new AssetManager('http://example.local', true);
+  assetManager.get = vi.fn();
+  return assetManager;
+};
+
+class SimpleFormat {
+  #simpleField: number;
+  #loaded = false;
+
+  constructor(simpleArg: number) {
+    this.#simpleField = simpleArg;
+  }
+
+  get simpleField() {
+    return this.#simpleField;
+  }
+
+  get loaded() {
+    return this.#loaded;
+  }
+
+  load(data: ArrayBuffer) {
+    this.#loaded = true;
+    return this;
+  }
+}
+
+describe('FormatManager', () => {
+  describe('get', () => {
+    test('should return new format instance when not previously loaded', async () => {
+      const mockAssetManager = getMockAssetManager();
+      const formatManager = new FormatManager(mockAssetManager);
+
+      const instance = await formatManager.get('foo', SimpleFormat, 7);
+
+      expect(mockAssetManager.get).toHaveBeenCalledWith('foo');
+      expect(instance).toBeInstanceOf(SimpleFormat);
+      expect(instance.simpleField).toBe(7);
+      expect(instance.loaded).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test('should return new format instance when previously loaded with different constructor args', async () => {
+      const mockAssetManager = getMockAssetManager();
+      const formatManager = new FormatManager(mockAssetManager);
+
+      const instance1 = await formatManager.get('foo', SimpleFormat, 7);
+      const instance2 = await formatManager.get('foo', SimpleFormat, 8);
+
+      expect(mockAssetManager.get).toHaveBeenCalledWith('foo');
+
+      expect(instance1).toBeInstanceOf(SimpleFormat);
+      expect(instance1.simpleField).toBe(7);
+      expect(instance1.loaded).toBe(true);
+
+      expect(instance2).toBeInstanceOf(SimpleFormat);
+      expect(instance2.simpleField).toBe(8);
+      expect(instance2.loaded).toBe(true);
+      expect(instance2 !== instance1).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    test('should return existing format instance when previously loaded', async () => {
+      const mockAssetManager = getMockAssetManager();
+      const formatManager = new FormatManager(mockAssetManager);
+
+      const instance1 = await formatManager.get('foo', SimpleFormat, 7);
+      const instance2 = await formatManager.get('foo', SimpleFormat, 7);
+
+      expect(mockAssetManager.get).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+      expect(instance1).toBeInstanceOf(SimpleFormat);
+      expect(instance1).toBe(instance2);
+    });
+
+    test('should throw when asset data is not available', async () => {
+      const mockAssetManager = getMockAssetManager();
+      const formatManager = new FormatManager(mockAssetManager);
+
+      (mockAssetManager.get as Mock).mockRejectedValue(new Error('ohno'));
+
+      await expect(formatManager.get('foo', SimpleFormat, 7)).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(Error);
+    });
+  });
+});