diff --git a/Rclone.html b/Rclone.html
index f16bf32..0a0b214 100644
--- a/Rclone.html
+++ b/Rclone.html
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
     </div>
     
   </header>
-  <article id="https://www.notion.so/246e3ebcca4a4413b7037bf4436e6adc" class="PageRoot"><div id="https://www.notion.so/3b36119a74ba4d068afef3358656e096" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorGreen"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">配置的内容：</strong></mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e97852f8ca6a441fb114ea93704b200f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><del class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Strike">test tets</del></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/42eea21ae6e440b78eb9bc02684c001c" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>PS E:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>Dev<span class="token punctuation">\</span>rclone-v1.62.2-windows-amd6<span class="token operator"><span class="token file-descriptor important">4</span>></span> .<span class="token punctuation">\</span>rclone authorize <span class="token string">"onedrive"</span> <span class="token string">"6cxxxoqMTDWnJtWbqE"</span>
+  <article id="https://www.notion.so/246e3ebcca4a4413b7037bf4436e6adc" class="PageRoot"><h1 id="https://www.notion.so/3b36119a74ba4d068afef3358656e096" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--1"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/3b36119a74ba4d068afef3358656e096"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorGreen"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">配置的内容：</strong></mark></span></span></h1><div id="https://www.notion.so/e97852f8ca6a441fb114ea93704b200f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><del class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Strike">test tets</del></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/42eea21ae6e440b78eb9bc02684c001c" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>PS E:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>Dev<span class="token punctuation">\</span>rclone-v1.62.2-windows-amd6<span class="token operator"><span class="token file-descriptor important">4</span>></span> .<span class="token punctuation">\</span>rclone authorize <span class="token string">"onedrive"</span> <span class="token string">"6cxxxoqMTDWnJtWbqE"</span>
 <span class="token number">2023</span>/03/22 <span class="token number">12</span>:18:45 NOTICE: Make sure your Redirect URL is <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> to <span class="token string">"http://localhost:53682/"</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> your custom config.
 <span class="token number">2023</span>/03/22 <span class="token number">12</span>:18:45 NOTICE: If your browser doesn't <span class="token function">open</span> automatically go to the following link: http://127.0.0.1:53682/auth?state<span class="token operator">=</span>h-IKR1LgmsDyQUd_tz2x-Q
 <span class="token number">2023</span>/03/22 <span class="token number">12</span>:18:45 NOTICE: Log <span class="token keyword">in</span> and authorize rclone <span class="token keyword">for</span> access
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 c<span class="token punctuation">)</span> Copy remote
 s<span class="token punctuation">)</span> Set configuration password
 q<span class="token punctuation">)</span> Quit config
-e/n/d/r/c/s/q<span class="token operator">></span></span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/32067f6d5a1643d6a1a1678284229c1d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">导出</span><span class="SemanticString"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">rclone.conf</strong></mark></code></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/5b0a591a578f4c32a1a433930353e578" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>path:C:\Users\Shaox\AppData\Roaming\rclone</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/bec7b925f39249099d51a5674019cc45" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3a1e1917fe6e4a509d54b40cc70a64a2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">其中我是配置Onedrive，访问速度看个人。</span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/f5cbc078fb7a4e6f9fb71571cf92e386" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>其中 .param的配置文件可以参看官方</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/6dd506bb0e534fc5983ece8a9bd793ff" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">我的配置</span><span class="SemanticString"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">global.param</strong></mark></code></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/149b36f31fcf423dab73edd93219ef0d" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span><span class="token assign-left variable">NETCHK_ADDR</span><span class="token operator">=</span>baidu.com
+e/n/d/r/c/s/q<span class="token operator">></span></span></span></span></code></pre><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/32067f6d5a1643d6a1a1678284229c1d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/32067f6d5a1643d6a1a1678284229c1d"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">导出</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">rclone.conf</strong></code></mark></span></span></h2><pre id="https://www.notion.so/5b0a591a578f4c32a1a433930353e578" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>path:C:\Users\Shaox\AppData\Roaming\rclone</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/bec7b925f39249099d51a5674019cc45" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3a1e1917fe6e4a509d54b40cc70a64a2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">其中我是配置Onedrive，访问速度看个人。</span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/f5cbc078fb7a4e6f9fb71571cf92e386" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>其中 .param的配置文件可以参看官方</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/6dd506bb0e534fc5983ece8a9bd793ff" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">我的配置</span><span class="SemanticString"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">global.param</strong></mark></code></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/149b36f31fcf423dab73edd93219ef0d" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span><span class="token assign-left variable">NETCHK_ADDR</span><span class="token operator">=</span>baidu.com
 <span class="token assign-left variable">CACHEMODE</span><span class="token operator">=</span>minimal
 <span class="token assign-left variable">BINDSD</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1</span>
 <span class="token assign-left variable">DIRCACHETIME</span><span class="token operator">=</span>30m0s
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 --use-mmap --no-modtime <span class="token parameter variable">--uid</span> <span class="token string">'0'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--gid</span> <span class="token string">'1015'</span> 
 --dir-perms <span class="token string">'0775'</span> --file-perms <span class="token string">'0644'</span>
  <span class="token parameter variable">--umask</span> <span class="token string">'002'</span> 
-<span class="token assign-left variable">HTTP</span><span class="token operator">=</span>0FTP<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span></span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/7cce06d8a5394281ab27a63de62f92e9" class="Bookmark"><a href="https://rclone.org/"><h5 class="Bookmark__Title">Rclone</h5><p class="Bookmark__Desc">Rclone syncs your files to cloud storage: Google Drive, S3, Swift, Dropbox, Google Cloud Storage, Azure, Box and many more.</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://rclone.org/</p></a></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/da5a6a74443f4333b17ef97d340b3911" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">可以查看VFS了解详细参数的配置</span></span></p></div></article>
+<span class="token assign-left variable">HTTP</span><span class="token operator">=</span>0FTP<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span></span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/7cce06d8a5394281ab27a63de62f92e9" class="Bookmark"><a href="https://rclone.org/"><h5 class="Bookmark__Title">Rclone</h5><p class="Bookmark__Desc">Rclone syncs your files to cloud storage: Google Drive, S3, Swift, Dropbox, Google Cloud Storage, Azure, Box and many more.</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://rclone.org/</p></a></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/da5a6a74443f4333b17ef97d340b3911" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">可以查看VFS了解详细参数的配置</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a96b108655dc42bfb9f82a5d236bc95a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/bb14206b93344185b0af9a86658c2de3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/3b36119a74ba4d068afef3358656e096"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorGreen"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">配置的内容：</strong></mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/32067f6d5a1643d6a1a1678284229c1d"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">导出</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">rclone.conf</strong></code></mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
   <footer class="Footer">
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     &copy; 413’s Website 2020~2024
diff --git a/Rust1.html b/Rust1.html
index a3626f3..79382f0 100644
--- a/Rust1.html
+++ b/Rust1.html
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 brew install libuv  # espflash 依赖它
 
 cargo install espflash
-cargo install cargo-espflash # 可选，后续可以直接使用命令 cargo espflash</span></span></span></code></pre><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/cad0b67c259b48ca90490972ea10841c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/cad0b67c259b48ca90490972ea10841c"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espup 同时安装和维护 Xtensa and RISC-V architectures 两种 CPU 架构工具链</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/36011e1e4c994cdd916e6e98ca6e21c6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">包括 esp fork 的 rust， GCC 和 LLVM 等。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c900af5fcb414b039bced71250bfbd96" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust 官方编译器提供了对 RISC-V target 的 Tier2 支持，可以直接向官方 toolchain 添加对应 target：</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/46d46648d64346afbe004a466ff32389" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>rustup toolchain install nightly --component rust-src
+cargo install cargo-espflash # 可选，后续可以直接使用命令 cargo espflash</span></span></span></code></pre><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/cad0b67c259b48ca90490972ea10841c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/cad0b67c259b48ca90490972ea10841c"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espup 安装和维护</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/bf3df70169e748da91d675defc217540" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espup 同时安装和维护 Xtensa and RISC-V architectures 两种 CPU 架构工具链</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/36011e1e4c994cdd916e6e98ca6e21c6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">包括 esp fork 的 rust， GCC 和 LLVM 等。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c900af5fcb414b039bced71250bfbd96" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust 官方编译器提供了对 RISC-V target 的 Tier2 支持，可以直接向官方 toolchain 添加对应 target：</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/46d46648d64346afbe004a466ff32389" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>rustup toolchain install nightly --component rust-src
 
 # For no_std (bare-metal) applications
 rustup target add riscv32imc-unknown-none-elf # For ESP32-C2 and ESP32-C3
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 xtensa-esp32s3-espidf  # espidf 后缀的 target 为使用 eps-idf</span></span><span class="SemanticString"><span> 的 std 应用
 xtensa-esp32s3-none-elf # none-elf 后缀的 target 为不使用 esp-idf 的 non_std 应用
 xtensa-esp8266-none-elf</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/d098fe8f47734d37a4521cd59d4edf4a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/fe5728c91a6d406aa939bfdf978d3d6b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/fe5728c91a6d406aa939bfdf978d3d6b"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">更新 esp-rs 工具链：</mark></span></span></h2><pre id="https://www.notion.so/09161090026b430dabdc111a57dcad47" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/esp$ enable_socks_proxy
-zj@a:~/esp$ espup update</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/1edab973e8f442bdae3d054b6c418764" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/070c1c4f69ae41d4b01799dde7536909" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/cad0b67c259b48ca90490972ea10841c"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espup 同时安装和维护 Xtensa and RISC-V architectures 两种 CPU 架构工具链</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d67e0177bb1549f28575259e43a141ea"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">修正 esp toolchain 缺失 rust-analyzer 的问题</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/fe5728c91a6d406aa939bfdf978d3d6b"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">更新 esp-rs 工具链：</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
+zj@a:~/esp$ espup update</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/1edab973e8f442bdae3d054b6c418764" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/070c1c4f69ae41d4b01799dde7536909" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/cad0b67c259b48ca90490972ea10841c"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espup 安装和维护</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d67e0177bb1549f28575259e43a141ea"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">修正 esp toolchain 缺失 rust-analyzer 的问题</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/fe5728c91a6d406aa939bfdf978d3d6b"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">更新 esp-rs 工具链：</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/106189f7ef6d43fb8d00470b7962b5f5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div></article>
   <footer class="Footer">
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diff --git a/Rust10.html b/Rust10.html
index 9c5398c..ea1f92a 100644
--- a/Rust10.html
+++ b/Rust10.html
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
     </div>
     
   </header>
-  <article id="https://www.notion.so/2aa2bc468bf944c2b62da2ffc6dbd646" class="PageRoot"><div id="https://www.notion.so/9fa8d1953602403582ed5b5fd4da8033" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ESP32-S3 开发版一般有两个 USB 接口，一般标记为 UART 和 USB，后者是支持 USB-Serial-JTAG 调试的接口，该接口包含两个 USB 设备：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/635f46e580d0422c92890e96730bb49a" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">USB-CDC-ACM：PC 识别为 USB 串口设备，可以用于下载固件和打印芯片输出的日志；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/46ffeee9980b4472aecd9eb1b58c0054" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">JTAG 设备：可以被用来进行 JTAG 调试；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/7c9fed20f014411ea3b3bd2080f8064d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">查看 MaxcOS USE-Serial-JTAG 设备信息：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/447c64731b5f449c832c1449fb221ad0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/bc04d87805be4a8bab8227f1bd19447c" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/docs$ system_profiler SPUSBDataType | grep -A 11 &quot;USB JTAG&quot;
+  <article id="https://www.notion.so/2aa2bc468bf944c2b62da2ffc6dbd646" class="PageRoot"><div id="https://www.notion.so/9fa8d1953602403582ed5b5fd4da8033" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ESP32-S3 开发版一般有两个 USB 接口，一般标记为 UART 和 USB，后者是支持 USB-Serial-JTAG 调试的接口，该接口包含两个 USB 设备：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/635f46e580d0422c92890e96730bb49a" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">USB-CDC-ACM：PC 识别为 USB 串口设备，可以用于下载固件和打印芯片输出的日志；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/46ffeee9980b4472aecd9eb1b58c0054" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">JTAG 设备：可以被用来进行 JTAG 调试；</mark></span></span></li></ol><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/7c9fed20f014411ea3b3bd2080f8064d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/7c9fed20f014411ea3b3bd2080f8064d"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">查看 MaxcOS USE-Serial-JTAG 设备信息：</mark></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/447c64731b5f449c832c1449fb221ad0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/bc04d87805be4a8bab8227f1bd19447c" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/docs$ system_profiler SPUSBDataType | grep -A 11 &quot;USB JTAG&quot;
         USB JTAG/serial debug unit:
 
           Product ID: 0x1001
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
           Current Required (mA): 500
           Extra Operating Current (mA): 0</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/7d55828e61674ea1a3eb50e25294e6fc" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对应的设备名称为 /dev/tty.usbmodem* 或 /dev/cu.usbmodem*：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8b0789ca21394ffe93aedd6142361d2a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/04403eef28fe4f37ab9086aa3754bef8" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/docs$ ls -l /dev/*.usbmodem*
 crw-rw-rw- 1 root 9, 11  5 10 21:38 /dev/cu.usbmodem2101
-crw-rw-rw- 1 root 9, 10  5 10 20:16 /dev/tty.usbmodem2101</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/6c0f78f0fb9e4cb3aafa067a14a6c20c" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=1088"><img src="#?width=1088" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8f9812c3c7e742aa9d269e93f98d1c65" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/0169e92fbd254c81b24c24a6aafdf8e1" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/docs$ espflash board-info
+crw-rw-rw- 1 root 9, 10  5 10 20:16 /dev/tty.usbmodem2101</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/6c0f78f0fb9e4cb3aafa067a14a6c20c" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=1088"><img src="#?width=1088" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8f9812c3c7e742aa9d269e93f98d1c65" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/0169e92fbd254c81b24c24a6aafdf8e1" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/docs$ espflash board-info
 [2024-05-10T13:38:06Z INFO ] Detected 2 serial ports
 [2024-05-10T13:38:06Z INFO ] Ports which match a known common dev board are highlighted
 [2024-05-10T13:38:06Z INFO ] Please select a port
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 
 Error identifying target using protocol SWD: Probe does not support SWD
 
-zj@a:~/docs$</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/3467c0ef86b148e4ba870947d340a9b8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">由于 ESP32-S3 自带 USB-Serial-JTAG Controller，故不需要单独的外接 debug probe 硬件来进行烧写或调试。确认方法：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/445c00a489c04981944238ba9e347ef4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/d2bba21163e44a158af7505e767b5e22" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>cargo espflash board-info
+zj@a:~/docs$</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/3467c0ef86b148e4ba870947d340a9b8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">由于 ESP32-S3 自带 USB-Serial-JTAG Controller，故不需要单独的外接 debug probe 硬件来进行烧写或调试。确认方法：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/445c00a489c04981944238ba9e347ef4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/d2bba21163e44a158af7505e767b5e22" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>cargo espflash board-info
 # or
 espflash board-info</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/f843c6815ced49c5bc0fb87c9096b75b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ESP32-S3 支持使用 probe-rs 或 ESP32 fork 的 OpenCDC 进行 JTAG 调试。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d58160f3917c4437ab7c65f346ae8c8f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">probe-rs 是一个使用 JTAG 接口进行芯片 flash 烧写和调试的工具，支持 RISC-V/ARM/Xtensor。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/5605126c0f3346be87b2cc945b11c47d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">安装 probe-rs 和相关工具：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/72ac3314215f41d5a691fe9f23ebce3d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/b8f679dfda25400d96bff7bc9385646f" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/docs$ cargo install probe-rs --features cli
    Installed package `probe-rs v0.23.0` (executables `cargo-embed`, `cargo-flash`, `probe-rs`)</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/e12b2fe24b934425a0e03960637cd521" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">probe-rs 最重要的是 run 命令，可以集成到 cargo run 中：.cargo/config.toml</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ff5b0f778b9247b19088648427906d84" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/18bc9050278c40d4868f6a1a876eeb46" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>[target.&lt;architecture-triple&gt;]
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 RAM: 0x40370000..0x40378000 (32.00 KiB)
 RAM: 0x40378000..0x403e0000 (416.00 KiB)
 NVM: 0x42000000..0x44000000 (32.00 MiB)
-NVM: 0x3c000000..0x3e000000 (32.00 MiB)</span></span></span></code></pre></article>
+NVM: 0x3c000000..0x3e000000 (32.00 MiB)</span></span></span></code></pre><ul id="https://www.notion.so/c9b9fb022d03430e92a4c150ece327d9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/7c9fed20f014411ea3b3bd2080f8064d"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">查看 MaxcOS USE-Serial-JTAG 设备信息：</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
   <footer class="Footer">
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diff --git a/Rust11.html b/Rust11.html
index e277a1c..63ed02d 100644
--- a/Rust11.html
+++ b/Rust11.html
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
     let mut bounds = Rectangle::new(Point::new(0, 0), Size::new(128, 160));
     let mut text_box = TextBox::with_textbox_style(text, bounds, bdf_style, textbox_style);
     let next = text_box.draw(&amp;mut display).unwrap();
-}</span></span></span></code></pre></article>
+}</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/c9cb55382ddc46e3ba888852fbf73dc8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/a5e67ce1360441bfa16d84addfd7c2cc" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d3b4f566a7b344eeb45fd7875ab6cc34"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 embedded-graphics/bdf </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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diff --git a/Rust12.html b/Rust12.html
index 45da417..5447cd2 100644
--- a/Rust12.html
+++ b/Rust12.html
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
     </div>
     
   </header>
-  <article id="https://www.notion.so/585d3ae54a0341fbaa29a5cfc3328dc3" class="PageRoot"><div id="https://www.notion.so/26d41276a17444ccb2b9128d758f4e1f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">目录</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/445e3bff5f604256aed6863b3c64119b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">目录</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7a7d56f6fb4b4e5fa2de50e520cd4a60" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rust-esp32 - 这篇文章属于一个选集。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/63c89ea4ba8a46d7b3e5a413816d8e53" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/install-esp-idf/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 1: 安装 ESP32 C 开发框架 esp-idf</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7975c809e9724b0b843058563d25366b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-idf-dev/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 2: 使用 C 和 esp-idf 开发 ESP32 项目</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/cae6702ba23b43ac9d0c3670cf46f693" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/install-esp-rs/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 3: 安装 ESP32 Rust 开发工具链 esp-rs</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8a82953ceeca44cb920b0d60404b77e2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-dev/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 4: 使用 Rust 开发 ESP32 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/b87df2173ec54bb99ff700254bfec972" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-std-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 5: 开发 Rust std 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dd95de1ae6a1444fba37a51462469a77" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-no-std-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 6: 开发 Rust no_std 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c297c5a2edc54a1e890c09624b7119c1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-std-cmake-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 7: 开发 Rust/C/C++ cmake 混合应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3d3c66d12f3e48f79e609d94f532eab9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-problems/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 8: esp-rs 常见问题</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/5994f22ef0a44d658b53cd0a0b5d1048" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-dev-workspace/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 9: 配置 cargo workspace</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8a7037dd24ca44dea6f87c1509e0d5b2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/espflash/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 10: 使用 cargo run 和 espflash 烧写固件</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e2f2dc0244334c2baedd4013f50e94f0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-firmware/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 11: 分析 ESP32 固件和分区表</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ae732ba05c31456e964d73f4264e97dc" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/debug-rust-esp32/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 12: 使用 USB-JTAG/probe-rs 调试应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/b578a87971c64f89b621c28c8b68b02a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 13: Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示中英文</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/12141f23143449b585f925bbcf5d63ac" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 14: 本文</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/b1b52488aa95450bb5472f2507a86e8c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-touch/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 15: Rust 驱动 Touch - 触摸板</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/911db62783b14ba6a7dcba3c51ef55f7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 16: Rust 驱动 Camera - 采集和播放</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7d49d30d70db4e539c9c6e0dd3d4d33e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-audio/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 17: Rust 驱动 Audio - 播放和录音</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a69aa32ca1e248f4a26428139b124daf" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">一个 LCD 小游戏：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/georgik/esp32-spooky-maze-game/blob/main/esp32-s3-usb-otg/src/main.rs"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp32-spooky-maze-game</mark></a></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/0fce70bcf7c74193866dbc22354f0b3e" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用的是 mipidsi::Builder::st7789，需要修改为 st7735s，支持按键。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/0349b3e6766e485c84411d4ff72f1678" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">xtensa-esp32s3-none-elf non_std 应用。</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/12cafb793ee94a5db2b1ba73c5e182e8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">另外一个 LCD 项目样例： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/georgik/esp32-rust-multi-target-template/blob/main/esp32-s3-usb-otg/src/main.rs"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/georgik/esp32-rust-multi-target-template/blob/main/esp32-s3-usb-otg/src/main.rs</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8de3a4efef0b4a0f808e2cb72ee03510" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ESP Display Interface with SPI and DMA： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/georgik/esp-display-interface-spi-dma/blob/main/README.md"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/georgik/esp-display-interface-spi-dma/blob/main/README.md</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dfa4eb6e66a0449fad8dbd419dd58edd" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考文档：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/63318c824a6a4c368f3410aec3ac4d73" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-iot-solution/en/latest/display/lcd/index.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-iot-solution/en/latest/display/lcd/index.html</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/c7d08b6046ad48f48b609ebd95891698" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://www.makerfabs.com/esp32-3-5-inch-tft-touch-capacitive-with-camera.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://www.makerfabs.com/esp32-3-5-inch-tft-touch-capacitive-with-camera.html</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/f73bfb735b3e4872983d79411a878eb1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">LCD 和 Touch 一般集成在一块屏幕上（部分 Touch 还支持固定的触摸按钮），所以 esp-idf 提供了 lcd_panel 对象来综合管理 LCD 和 Touch。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4fcaf5d57f1f4f6bbd0702f1a67c878f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">常用 LCD 接口：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/28eec7a2a91446e9a8886b2b7566472a" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">SPI：1 bit 数据线，LCD 需要支持 GRAM；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/244bcd8f62a240878f6cc3ee647a5c2f" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">QSPI（Quad-SPI）：4 bit 数据线，LCD 或 MCU 需要支持 GRAM；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/7e2718d6d90443b8a63e0cad0a8db34d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">I80 或称 I8080（DBI）: 8/16 bit 数据线，基于 I80 总线协议， </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">LCD 需要支持 GRAM</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e6afb0ff3d5341eb994f82292978646b" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB（DPI）：8/16/18/24 bit 数据线，LCD 不需要支持 GRAM， </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">一般和 3线 SPI 共用</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/37b8fadd127e4318b3cc4d75a08ca8c8" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Camera 一般也使用 RGB 接口，包含 HSYNC/VSYNC 信号，所以在 esp-idf 库中 module 为 lcd_camera.</mark></span></span></li></ul></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/281924aac4794e7b93038652c22695d1" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">MIPI-DSI：1/2/3/4 bit 串行接口，使用高速差分信号和 D-PHY 收发器（类似于 USB），目前只有 ESP32-P4 支持。属于传输速率最快的接口</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/7c70c62433214f4e9b56812d7cc57c6a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-iot-solution/en/latest/display/lcd/lcd_guide.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-iot-solution/en/latest/display/lcd/lcd_guide.html</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d80f701f856b4880a707d35b194dd9bf" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=834"><img src="#?width=834" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/bcb8bb7a9c34441488f19ea54f56b311" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=834"><img src="#?width=834" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/b450b3e3aa6244429caae01f70994812" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/tree/master/examples/peripherals/lcd"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-idf/examples/peripherals/lcd/</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 目录包含这些接口的 LCD 驱动：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/a4c1772e26884b24871ffcc30e601ab0" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">i2c_oled：一般是小型的 OLED LCD 屏幕使用 I2C；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/8aede1ac43304f798917073dbdea8361" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">i80_controller：Intel 8080 interfaced</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/bd396cc4ae3d4823a1707db8ab9c65cb" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">mipi_dsi：最高效的串行接口；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a5b8d1768fff465aab4f3fb85ba0c643" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rgb_panel</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/2b4958e43d244bb5bebd9174ff1ed8c6" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">spi_lcd_touch</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/c74e8a338f5947b89f6b362486dbca49" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">tjpgd ：JPEG 软解压库；</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/058dd187e1744d408dfc58e4d797ae8b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/espressif/esp-iot-solution/tree/ce4c75dc/examples/display/lcd"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-iot-solution/examples/display/lcd/</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 目录也包含一些 LCD 例子：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/7e2cf4024057452ea3cb8c0a8af8357f" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">lcd_with_te</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/59ddc824c03348029b45f4c0bce3d991" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">qspi_with_ram</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/2c08e83e184a4e489804de15921fc40a" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">qspi_without_ram</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/9bf06643126b43b485d5d4f303c118d8" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rgb_avoid_tearing</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/d5a92b1355824d95994693f790d698c8" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rgb_lcd_8bit</mark></span></span></li></ul><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/d9cac5a6d0e241149f1e33770327fd8e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/d9cac5a6d0e241149f1e33770327fd8e"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 显示 raw 图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/#%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA-raw-%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/cac7a2c3688d4b34a53a4e4503f4ab74" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">raw 图片是指 RGB888/RGB565 等格式的图片。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/52b243be8a7b4f98ab515c80deda4300" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">像素格式主要分为 YUV 和 RGB 两种大类：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/0cadacbb06bd4ba59fb7f30ac962e1c3" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">YUV422: 也称为 YCbCr：Y 亮度，U/Cb：蓝色浓度，V/Cr：红色浓度；</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/d8c927552cd44d2d877b183b934b8b13" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">为了节省带宽 YUV frame 一般使用采样，如 YUV422 表示 2:1的水平取样，垂直完全采样；</mark></span></span></li></ul></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a26116b28ac344e3bdeb33d1d41d9469" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB888：也称 24-bit RGB，各使用 8bit 来表示 red/green/blue；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/c934efc8dbf045beb61d06c7f100601f" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB666: 也称 18-bit RGB</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/35e5eaf2da87454e8e94e61f9e8a4508" class="NumberedList" value="4"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB565：也称 16-bit RGB，5 bits for the red channel, 6 bits for the green channel, and 5 bits for the blue channel. 相比 RGB888，更节省资源；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/0abb4b4f280b475b9726b22f413ee1c8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">YUV 和 RGB 之间可以相互转换。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1b3658f0e78f483b87080f5262bd14ec" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">LCD 一般使用 RGB 像素格式，而且是比较节省空间的 16-bit 的 RGB565 像素格式：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/d89ea525bbde41409b2e3ed9b73cfb3f" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">camera 可以直接产生 RGB565 数据，可以直接在 LCD 显示；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/53bf0d841fd24280a43da4d7441edd84" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">bmp/png/jpeg 等图片格式，需要将像素转换为 RGB565 后才能供 LCD 显示；</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/cffa329baa5942a4ab3473fd47f5b0b2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">需要将 JPEG 解码或 bmp 中的像素数据转换为 RGB888, RGB565 等格式的 raw picture 后，LCD 才能直接显示。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1d6bdb12c4fc4f53a01a842eb3e6cf43" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/76291580fe65443287f89f12d116b82d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">或者使用 LVGL 提供的在线转换工具：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://lvgl.io/tools/imageconverter"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://lvgl.io/tools/imageconverter</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3666c8b16c2348faaeeb41aa6e5d7c9c" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=834"><img src="#?width=834" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/18333c83a8c8409a8e3294a0e5a25ca4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">可以使用 OpenCV 库来显示 raw data picutre：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c58b6d41ae734d93adca7979758cecc8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/bfb39069a2584ab7be97cef9866e3bfe" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span># https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/examples/peripherals/jpeg/jpeg_decode/open_raw_picture.py
+  <article id="https://www.notion.so/585d3ae54a0341fbaa29a5cfc3328dc3" class="PageRoot"><div id="https://www.notion.so/a69aa32ca1e248f4a26428139b124daf" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">一个 LCD 小游戏：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/georgik/esp32-spooky-maze-game/blob/main/esp32-s3-usb-otg/src/main.rs"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp32-spooky-maze-game</mark></a></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/0fce70bcf7c74193866dbc22354f0b3e" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用的是 mipidsi::Builder::st7789，需要修改为 st7735s，支持按键。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/0349b3e6766e485c84411d4ff72f1678" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">xtensa-esp32s3-none-elf non_std 应用。</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/12cafb793ee94a5db2b1ba73c5e182e8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">另外一个 LCD 项目样例： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/georgik/esp32-rust-multi-target-template/blob/main/esp32-s3-usb-otg/src/main.rs"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/georgik/esp32-rust-multi-target-template/blob/main/esp32-s3-usb-otg/src/main.rs</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8de3a4efef0b4a0f808e2cb72ee03510" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ESP Display Interface with SPI and DMA： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/georgik/esp-display-interface-spi-dma/blob/main/README.md"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/georgik/esp-display-interface-spi-dma/blob/main/README.md</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dfa4eb6e66a0449fad8dbd419dd58edd" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考文档：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/63318c824a6a4c368f3410aec3ac4d73" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-iot-solution/en/latest/display/lcd/index.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-iot-solution/en/latest/display/lcd/index.html</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/c7d08b6046ad48f48b609ebd95891698" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://www.makerfabs.com/esp32-3-5-inch-tft-touch-capacitive-with-camera.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://www.makerfabs.com/esp32-3-5-inch-tft-touch-capacitive-with-camera.html</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/f73bfb735b3e4872983d79411a878eb1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">LCD 和 Touch 一般集成在一块屏幕上（部分 Touch 还支持固定的触摸按钮），所以 esp-idf 提供了 lcd_panel 对象来综合管理 LCD 和 Touch。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4fcaf5d57f1f4f6bbd0702f1a67c878f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">常用 LCD 接口：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/28eec7a2a91446e9a8886b2b7566472a" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">SPI：1 bit 数据线，LCD 需要支持 GRAM；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/244bcd8f62a240878f6cc3ee647a5c2f" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">QSPI（Quad-SPI）：4 bit 数据线，LCD 或 MCU 需要支持 GRAM；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/7e2718d6d90443b8a63e0cad0a8db34d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">I80 或称 I8080（DBI）: 8/16 bit 数据线，基于 I80 总线协议， </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">LCD 需要支持 GRAM</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e6afb0ff3d5341eb994f82292978646b" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB（DPI）：8/16/18/24 bit 数据线，LCD 不需要支持 GRAM， </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">一般和 3线 SPI 共用</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/37b8fadd127e4318b3cc4d75a08ca8c8" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Camera 一般也使用 RGB 接口，包含 HSYNC/VSYNC 信号，所以在 esp-idf 库中 module 为 lcd_camera.</mark></span></span></li></ul></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/281924aac4794e7b93038652c22695d1" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">MIPI-DSI：1/2/3/4 bit 串行接口，使用高速差分信号和 D-PHY 收发器（类似于 USB），目前只有 ESP32-P4 支持。属于传输速率最快的接口</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/7c70c62433214f4e9b56812d7cc57c6a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-iot-solution/en/latest/display/lcd/lcd_guide.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-iot-solution/en/latest/display/lcd/lcd_guide.html</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d80f701f856b4880a707d35b194dd9bf" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=834"><img src="#?width=834" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/bcb8bb7a9c34441488f19ea54f56b311" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=834"><img src="#?width=834" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/b450b3e3aa6244429caae01f70994812" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/tree/master/examples/peripherals/lcd"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-idf/examples/peripherals/lcd/</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 目录包含这些接口的 LCD 驱动：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/a4c1772e26884b24871ffcc30e601ab0" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">i2c_oled：一般是小型的 OLED LCD 屏幕使用 I2C；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/8aede1ac43304f798917073dbdea8361" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">i80_controller：Intel 8080 interfaced</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/bd396cc4ae3d4823a1707db8ab9c65cb" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">mipi_dsi：最高效的串行接口；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a5b8d1768fff465aab4f3fb85ba0c643" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rgb_panel</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/2b4958e43d244bb5bebd9174ff1ed8c6" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">spi_lcd_touch</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/c74e8a338f5947b89f6b362486dbca49" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">tjpgd ：JPEG 软解压库；</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/058dd187e1744d408dfc58e4d797ae8b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/espressif/esp-iot-solution/tree/ce4c75dc/examples/display/lcd"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-iot-solution/examples/display/lcd/</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 目录也包含一些 LCD 例子：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/7e2cf4024057452ea3cb8c0a8af8357f" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">lcd_with_te</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/59ddc824c03348029b45f4c0bce3d991" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">qspi_with_ram</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/2c08e83e184a4e489804de15921fc40a" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">qspi_without_ram</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/9bf06643126b43b485d5d4f303c118d8" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rgb_avoid_tearing</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/d5a92b1355824d95994693f790d698c8" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rgb_lcd_8bit</mark></span></span></li></ul><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/d9cac5a6d0e241149f1e33770327fd8e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/d9cac5a6d0e241149f1e33770327fd8e"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 显示 raw 图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/#%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA-raw-%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/cac7a2c3688d4b34a53a4e4503f4ab74" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">raw 图片是指 RGB888/RGB565 等格式的图片。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/52b243be8a7b4f98ab515c80deda4300" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">像素格式主要分为 YUV 和 RGB 两种大类：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/0cadacbb06bd4ba59fb7f30ac962e1c3" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">YUV422: 也称为 YCbCr：Y 亮度，U/Cb：蓝色浓度，V/Cr：红色浓度；</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/d8c927552cd44d2d877b183b934b8b13" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">为了节省带宽 YUV frame 一般使用采样，如 YUV422 表示 2:1的水平取样，垂直完全采样；</mark></span></span></li></ul></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a26116b28ac344e3bdeb33d1d41d9469" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB888：也称 24-bit RGB，各使用 8bit 来表示 red/green/blue；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/c934efc8dbf045beb61d06c7f100601f" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB666: 也称 18-bit RGB</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/35e5eaf2da87454e8e94e61f9e8a4508" class="NumberedList" value="4"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB565：也称 16-bit RGB，5 bits for the red channel, 6 bits for the green channel, and 5 bits for the blue channel. 相比 RGB888，更节省资源；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/0abb4b4f280b475b9726b22f413ee1c8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">YUV 和 RGB 之间可以相互转换。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1b3658f0e78f483b87080f5262bd14ec" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">LCD 一般使用 RGB 像素格式，而且是比较节省空间的 16-bit 的 RGB565 像素格式：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/d89ea525bbde41409b2e3ed9b73cfb3f" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">camera 可以直接产生 RGB565 数据，可以直接在 LCD 显示；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/53bf0d841fd24280a43da4d7441edd84" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">bmp/png/jpeg 等图片格式，需要将像素转换为 RGB565 后才能供 LCD 显示；</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/cffa329baa5942a4ab3473fd47f5b0b2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">需要将 JPEG 解码或 bmp 中的像素数据转换为 RGB888, RGB565 等格式的 raw picture 后，LCD 才能直接显示。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1d6bdb12c4fc4f53a01a842eb3e6cf43" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/76291580fe65443287f89f12d116b82d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">或者使用 LVGL 提供的在线转换工具：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://lvgl.io/tools/imageconverter"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://lvgl.io/tools/imageconverter</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3666c8b16c2348faaeeb41aa6e5d7c9c" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=834"><img src="#?width=834" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/18333c83a8c8409a8e3294a0e5a25ca4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">可以使用 OpenCV 库来显示 raw data picutre：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c58b6d41ae734d93adca7979758cecc8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/bfb39069a2584ab7be97cef9866e3bfe" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span># https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/blob/master/examples/peripherals/jpeg/jpeg_decode/open_raw_picture.py
 
 # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR CC0-1.0
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
     }</span></span></span></code></pre><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/308700da230e4d8b8bb72c7bce029e16" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/308700da230e4d8b8bb72c7bce029e16"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">6 使用 LVGL 显示图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-lvgl-%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/49794429c0df4374bee9613a2e340d72" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.lvgl.io/8.2/widgets/core/img.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://docs.lvgl.io/8.2/widgets/core/img.html</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9dfacec494dc45e7a0e3f73fa28df6ae" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Images are the basic object to display images from flash (as arrays) or from files. Images can display symbols (LV_SYMBOL_…) too.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/49b081062bdb4e0aa4fca38ced25c352" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Using the Image decoder interface custom image formats can be supported as well.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/84611a920a9b4e39af9f68eec588bfac" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Image source：To provide maximum flexibility, the source of the image can be:</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/4e2a9185e85644699b33829be7ab563f" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">a variable in code (a C array with the pixels).</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/be81f9d056864af6911f4af2c5b19235" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">a file stored externally (e.g. on an SD card).</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/9c875222f2cb42f5a6941cbc2ac414c4" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">a text with Symbols.</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/48a6fef9c786488ca7048f05f85f5444" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">To set the source of an image, use </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">lv_img_set_src(img, src).</code></mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8b761e69826e4ac3bd654be7f984c6c8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">To generate a pixel array from a PNG, JPG or BMP image, use the Online image converter tool and set the converted image with its pointer: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">lv_img_set_src(img1, &amp;converted_img_var)</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">; To make the variable visible in the C file, you need to declare it with LV_IMG_DECLARE(converted_img_var).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/73d4f94cda2e4a578c0aba7a68d571ec" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">To use external files, you also need to convert the image files using the online converter tool but now you should select the binary output format. You also need to use LVGL’s file system module and register a driver with some functions for the basic file operation. Go to the File system to learn more. To set an image sourced from a file, use lv_img_set_src(img, “S:folder1/my_img.bin”).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/b0ecce131edd4154a7c8f3f1d81506ba" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">You can also set a symbol similarly to Labels. In this case, the image will be rendered as text according to the font specified in the style. It enables to use of light-weight monochrome “letters” instead of real images. You can set symbol like lv_img_set_src(img1, LV_SYMBOL_OK).</mark></span></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/51c0ccbe1f184734b2e3cbe3d9995465" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/51c0ccbe1f184734b2e3cbe3d9995465"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">7 使用 embeded-graphics 显示图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-embeded-graphics-%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/d8feca751ba040b6874eb94f6a98b0ba" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/d8feca751ba040b6874eb94f6a98b0ba"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">8 使用 slint 显示图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-slint-%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/f8922113c3c443e1aba27a2f48cd2a13" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用 image crate 可以将各种照片转换称 RGBA8 格式:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/86a247cda69e4d499290da6a427075e5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/1cf9a15d19ae4bddbd26a4fe2ec5bd0d" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>let mut cat_image = image::open(&quot;cat.png&quot;).expect(&quot;Error loading cat image&quot;).into_rgba8();</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/60a92edb55a14acebd8ca8da095e33d4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Integration with OpenCV #2480: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/slint-ui/slint/discussions/2480"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/slint-ui/slint/discussions/2480</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a291a607dda7479f97a799a4112610a3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">You would basically need to convert the pixel into </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">SharedPixelBuffer</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> and use the </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">slint::Image</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> constructor to convert it to an image. Then you can use </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">a property</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> to pass that image to the slint view.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1742e03f61ff4f0cb82853c8664aae26" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/3aa0597ea98d4f859ca88cbd5f132271" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>export component View {
    in property &lt;image&gt; img &lt;=&gt; i.source;
    i := Image { }
-}</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/77e53a12d2914379a08d24bf4de30883" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考:</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/1108bec5cc554339a52bf4f6fdcbf6ca" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/opsnull/rust-slint-opencv"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/opsnull/rust-slint-opencv</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e8bb5767718140c3bca1c158c5f4a1f6" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://releases.slint.dev/1.5.1/docs/rust/slint/struct.image"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://releases.slint.dev/1.5.1/docs/rust/slint/struct.image</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/030bcb2818124e28b936b656af3a4a0d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">LCD 播放视频是通过连续播放静态图片来实现的，每张图片为一个 frame，播放图片的速率为 FPS。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/81ede548f6244ca0abe7e311bbd667d2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">影响 LCD FPS 快慢的因素：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/861a421ca89d47cabaa6e1e803429d5e" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rendering：处理器生成一帧数据 image 数据的过程；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/fa615d7987944ecc9450b7c4569e31e8" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">transmission：处理其通过物理接口发送给 LCD 的速率，称为 interface frame rate；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/7e8d545cbd2e492cb1f2d9fef0de7a01" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">display：LCD 显示一帧图片的速率，称为 screen refresh rate；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/faa182c7a5274dfeafe4dd87cc0ed491" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">interface 和 screen refresh rate 的关系：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/440fbefc7b3d4cbeb985f60fc46d3f23" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">For LCDs with SPI/I80 interfaces, the screen refresh rate is determined by the </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">LCD driver IC</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> and can typically be set by sending specific commands, such as the ST7789 command FRCTRL2 (C6h).</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/2c6e0320263b4ede97d09fcd4f038703" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">For LCDs with RGB interfaces, the screen refresh rate is determined by </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">the main controller</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> and is </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">equivalent to</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> the interface frame rate.</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/535bbfd19b314242a0fadacdcf8d3055" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB 接口是微控制器 driver 控制的数据发送&amp;传输；</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/b882ae09856946d89902a952a9d41698" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rust-esp32 - 这篇文章属于一个选集。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e6c2784658284843b2e22ee34c1ccfc5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/install-esp-idf/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 1: 安装 ESP32 C 开发框架 esp-idf</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9afd6a93527f4c488c4456dde3f00484" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-idf-dev/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 2: 使用 C 和 esp-idf 开发 ESP32 项目</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/578bf95b355440f58dae981e63f1a713" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/install-esp-rs/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 3: 安装 ESP32 Rust 开发工具链 esp-rs</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/abeb9a7368e844da88214782567071b3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-dev/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 4: 使用 Rust 开发 ESP32 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0b4aba2de4b949a3acce8ca2802cb039" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-std-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 5: 开发 Rust std 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/342e96fefae24fea9a34fac61b7f8130" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-no-std-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 6: 开发 Rust no_std 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/b19b8ef058db40e3b07672ae8686615a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-std-cmake-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 7: 开发 Rust/C/C++ cmake 混合应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/556f57363ee5418f8916eb7896b61229" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-problems/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 8: esp-rs 常见问题</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/84ce6e36373346ea9c7463fb958dcf41" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-dev-workspace/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 9: 配置 cargo workspace</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/399cd345b0b240c69f22f7ff19c9d784" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/espflash/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 10: 使用 cargo run 和 espflash 烧写固件</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d0c7a7d2a3ae4eeb982879c1dfb5bcaa" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-firmware/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 11: 分析 ESP32 固件和分区表</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/86abad2e96c94a79b30968966356f82f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/debug-rust-esp32/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 12: 使用 USB-JTAG/probe-rs 调试应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8be6f5fe11634412b371f8561ae79d8f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 13: Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示中英文</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/28681d46b5ba499ea3910ff39adebfb9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 14: 本文</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/75b8e9b69ad643d68cf3faa35563ef2a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-touch/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 15: Rust 驱动 Touch - 触摸板</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ab94d629be0d490db2bc5c771e8f866d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 16: Rust 驱动 Camera - 采集和播放</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f065b2311ab0450382ddd439d4c329f2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-audio/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 17: Rust 驱动 Audio - 播放和录音</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0959cd30e9844a4e80bd0f6009330f0e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-audio/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor 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SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust Esp32 Rust Esp32</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f40ab421ce4c4f62a2a8358938d7564c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust 驱动 Camera - 采集和播放</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2df7dfb0593d4db2825e82935b462b30" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" 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class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示中英文</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c6998dbc8ce647b2887c8b4b3d14c7a3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2024-08-28·818 字</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2340ef79fdc04264bdca3e8951d0aa67" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span 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+}</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/77e53a12d2914379a08d24bf4de30883" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考:</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/1108bec5cc554339a52bf4f6fdcbf6ca" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/opsnull/rust-slint-opencv"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/opsnull/rust-slint-opencv</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e8bb5767718140c3bca1c158c5f4a1f6" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://releases.slint.dev/1.5.1/docs/rust/slint/struct.image"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://releases.slint.dev/1.5.1/docs/rust/slint/struct.image</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/030bcb2818124e28b936b656af3a4a0d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">LCD 播放视频是通过连续播放静态图片来实现的，每张图片为一个 frame，播放图片的速率为 FPS。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/81ede548f6244ca0abe7e311bbd667d2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">影响 LCD FPS 快慢的因素：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/861a421ca89d47cabaa6e1e803429d5e" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rendering：处理器生成一帧数据 image 数据的过程；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/fa615d7987944ecc9450b7c4569e31e8" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">transmission：处理其通过物理接口发送给 LCD 的速率，称为 interface frame rate；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/7e8d545cbd2e492cb1f2d9fef0de7a01" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">display：LCD 显示一帧图片的速率，称为 screen refresh rate；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/faa182c7a5274dfeafe4dd87cc0ed491" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">interface 和 screen refresh rate 的关系：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/440fbefc7b3d4cbeb985f60fc46d3f23" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">For LCDs with SPI/I80 interfaces, the screen refresh rate is determined by the </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">LCD driver IC</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> and can typically be set by sending specific commands, such as the ST7789 command FRCTRL2 (C6h).</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/2c6e0320263b4ede97d09fcd4f038703" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">For LCDs with RGB interfaces, the screen refresh rate is determined by </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">the main controller</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> and is </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">equivalent to</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> the interface frame rate.</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/535bbfd19b314242a0fadacdcf8d3055" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB 接口是微控制器 driver 控制的数据发送&amp;传输；</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/01843279a6af4c19ba9cadeab7c88058" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/6e61916c4e344952bce51d2dacfc723b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d9cac5a6d0e241149f1e33770327fd8e"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 显示 raw 图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/ece6f8c0a4d94e05841d327cbf2efb2f"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2 显示 png 图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/0fa7bfd08b3a41abad808109e5bb9a77"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">3 显示 bmp 图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/0e91b468062f48f5ae7f36271c7332a3"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4 显示 jpeg 图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/4d1a7049c45d4886bacc0e0d7d6564fb"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">5 显示 gif 图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/308700da230e4d8b8bb72c7bce029e16"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">6 使用 LVGL 显示图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/51c0ccbe1f184734b2e3cbe3d9995465"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">7 使用 embeded-graphics 显示图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d8feca751ba040b6874eb94f6a98b0ba"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">8 使用 slint 显示图片 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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diff --git a/Rust13.html b/Rust13.html
index 31d6d47..69c1968 100644
--- a/Rust13.html
+++ b/Rust13.html
@@ -236,7 +236,8 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
     </div>
     
   </header>
-  <article id="https://www.notion.so/3d91aadb284b4beeb09a14b2a740e732" class="PageRoot"><div id="https://www.notion.so/c42f29be996840bbb724c716b396787c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.espressif.com/projects/espressif-esp-iot-solution/zh_CN/latest/input_device/touch_panel.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://docs.espressif.com/projects/espressif-esp-iot-solution/zh_CN/latest/input_device/touch_panel.html</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9705bd11e5b940dda214f99b03bb7497" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">在实际应用中，电阻触摸屏必须在使用前进行校准，而电容触摸屏则一般由控制芯片完成该工作，无需额外的校准步骤。驱动中已经集成了电阻触摸屏的校准算法，校准过程使用了三个点来校准，用一个点来验证，当最后验证的误差大于某个阈值将导致校准失败，然后自动重新进行校准，直到校准成功。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4f4dfbaf9bf64082a6243b4a8ee4a381" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">调用校准函数 calibration_run() 将会在屏幕上开始校准的过程，校准完成后，参数将 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">保存在 NVS</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 中用于下次启动，避免每次使用前的重复校准。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/97b6e5729f5348a1895b7716f7e02bf9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">触摸屏按下：不论是电阻还是电容触摸屏，通常的触摸屏控制芯片会有一个用于 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">通知触摸事件的中断引脚</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。但是驱动中没有使用该信号，一方面是因为对于有屏幕的应用需要尽量节省出 IO 给其他外设；另一方面是触摸控制器给出的该信号 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">不如程序通过寄存器数据判断的准确性高</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。对于电阻触摸屏来说，判断按下的依据是 Z 方向的压力大于配置的阈值；对于电容触摸屏则是判断至少有一个触摸点存在。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a168dff731524c63a38c7995c3e7b2b7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">触摸屏的旋转：触摸屏具有与显示屏一样的 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">8 个方向</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ，定义在 touch_panel_dir_t 中。这里的旋转是通过软件换算来实现的，通常把二者的方向设置为相同。但这并不是一成不变的，例如：在使用电容触摸屏时，有可能触摸屏固有的方向与显示屏原始显示方向不一致，如果简单的将这两个方向设置为相同后，将无法正确的点击屏幕内容，这时需要根据实际情况调整。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dec75bb0b52043f6a2031eb0a1684720" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">触摸屏的分辨率设置也是很重要的，因为触摸屏旋转后的换算依赖于触摸屏的宽和高分辨率大小，设置不当将无法得到正确的旋转效果。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dca93c4dbcbb48f29f9c5c4edd900d76" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">电阻触摸：需要校正；</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7f870e73be6047a3806086f44c930f43" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">电容触摸：不需要校正，支持多点触摸，而且有些支持固定速率的触摸按钮。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8ac3cf31e6ff441eb1425fdcb93ca061" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">NS2009 电阻触摸：提供 press + position 功能； FT6X36: 电容触摸：只能提供 position 功能；</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e5ea3eb77ff54a0783c110589220d3ca" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">初始化：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f24816b17fcb463b940cb5a36afab1e2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/3c5d17c1e8684935a8c8a1b6cb10aa42" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>// https://docs.espressif.com/projects/espressif-esp-iot-solution/zh_CN/latest/input_device/touch_panel.html#id5
+  <article id="https://www.notion.so/3d91aadb284b4beeb09a14b2a740e732" class="PageRoot"><div id="https://www.notion.so/c42f29be996840bbb724c716b396787c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.espressif.com/projects/espressif-esp-iot-solution/zh_CN/latest/input_device/touch_panel.html">https://docs.espressif.com/projects/espressif-esp-iot-solution/zh_CN/latest/input_device/touch_panel.html</a></mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ccab34fc144943a18be3afeeffb11736" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/a2db805ffa24486381a6b5775803978b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/a2db805ffa24486381a6b5775803978b"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">start
+</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/9705bd11e5b940dda214f99b03bb7497" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">在实际应用中，电阻触摸屏必须在使用前进行校准，而电容触摸屏则一般由控制芯片完成该工作，无需额外的校准步骤。驱动中已经集成了电阻触摸屏的校准算法，校准过程使用了三个点来校准，用一个点来验证，当最后验证的误差大于某个阈值将导致校准失败，然后自动重新进行校准，直到校准成功。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4f4dfbaf9bf64082a6243b4a8ee4a381" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">调用校准函数 calibration_run() 将会在屏幕上开始校准的过程，校准完成后，参数将 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">保存在 NVS</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 中用于下次启动，避免每次使用前的重复校准。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/97b6e5729f5348a1895b7716f7e02bf9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">触摸屏按下：不论是电阻还是电容触摸屏，通常的触摸屏控制芯片会有一个用于 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">通知触摸事件的中断引脚</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。但是驱动中没有使用该信号，一方面是因为对于有屏幕的应用需要尽量节省出 IO 给其他外设；另一方面是触摸控制器给出的该信号 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">不如程序通过寄存器数据判断的准确性高</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。对于电阻触摸屏来说，判断按下的依据是 Z 方向的压力大于配置的阈值；对于电容触摸屏则是判断至少有一个触摸点存在。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a168dff731524c63a38c7995c3e7b2b7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">触摸屏的旋转：触摸屏具有与显示屏一样的 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">8 个方向</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ，定义在 touch_panel_dir_t 中。这里的旋转是通过软件换算来实现的，通常把二者的方向设置为相同。但这并不是一成不变的，例如：在使用电容触摸屏时，有可能触摸屏固有的方向与显示屏原始显示方向不一致，如果简单的将这两个方向设置为相同后，将无法正确的点击屏幕内容，这时需要根据实际情况调整。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dec75bb0b52043f6a2031eb0a1684720" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">触摸屏的分辨率设置也是很重要的，因为触摸屏旋转后的换算依赖于触摸屏的宽和高分辨率大小，设置不当将无法得到正确的旋转效果。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dca93c4dbcbb48f29f9c5c4edd900d76" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">电阻触摸：需要校正；</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7f870e73be6047a3806086f44c930f43" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">电容触摸：不需要校正，支持多点触摸，而且有些支持固定速率的触摸按钮。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8ac3cf31e6ff441eb1425fdcb93ca061" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">NS2009 电阻触摸：提供 press + position 功能； FT6X36: 电容触摸：只能提供 position 功能；</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e5ea3eb77ff54a0783c110589220d3ca" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">初始化：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f24816b17fcb463b940cb5a36afab1e2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/3c5d17c1e8684935a8c8a1b6cb10aa42" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>// https://docs.espressif.com/projects/espressif-esp-iot-solution/zh_CN/latest/input_device/touch_panel.html#id5
 touch_panel_driver_t touch; // a touch panel driver
 
 i2c_config_t i2c_conf = {
@@ -394,7 +395,8 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
     pos[0] = ((XH &amp; 0x0F) &lt;&lt; 8) | XL;
     pos[1] = ((YH &amp; 0x0F) &lt;&lt; 8) | YL;
     return 1;
-}</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/447b8cc200ee4552b44de788c22cdeb2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Makerfabs ESP32-S3 Parallel TFT with Touch: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/Makerfabs/Makerfabs-ESP32-S3-Parallel-TFT-with-Touch"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/Makerfabs/Makerfabs-ESP32-S3-Parallel-TFT-with-Touch</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/67ecae3f6cdf410ea49fdcd3f5b9fb24" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ESP32 3.5&quot; TFT Touch with Camera: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://wiki.makerfabs.com/ESP32_3.5_TFT_Touch_with_Camera.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://wiki.makerfabs.com/ESP32_3.5_TFT_Touch_with_Camera.html</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/944357a182cc4f98b2624458952afaf2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">大量 LCD+Touch 的例子：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/Makerfabs/Project_Touch-Screen-Camera"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/Makerfabs/Project_Touch-Screen-Camera</mark></a></span></span></p></div></article>
+}</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/447b8cc200ee4552b44de788c22cdeb2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Makerfabs ESP32-S3 Parallel TFT with Touch: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/Makerfabs/Makerfabs-ESP32-S3-Parallel-TFT-with-Touch"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/Makerfabs/Makerfabs-ESP32-S3-Parallel-TFT-with-Touch</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/67ecae3f6cdf410ea49fdcd3f5b9fb24" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ESP32 3.5&quot; TFT Touch with Camera: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://wiki.makerfabs.com/ESP32_3.5_TFT_Touch_with_Camera.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://wiki.makerfabs.com/ESP32_3.5_TFT_Touch_with_Camera.html</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/944357a182cc4f98b2624458952afaf2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">大量 LCD+Touch 的例子：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/Makerfabs/Project_Touch-Screen-Camera"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/Makerfabs/Project_Touch-Screen-Camera</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4e61455fdc054ef99a6fa01f51ba6a5a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/4441d9b7520d41289e99d3c30750e316" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/a2db805ffa24486381a6b5775803978b"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">start
+</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/1892661ae51d43f3b2323525ebd90a11" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div></article>
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diff --git a/Rust14.html b/Rust14.html
index d77f3ed..c560bfb 100644
--- a/Rust14.html
+++ b/Rust14.html
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 $ gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src num-buffers=1 ! image/jpeg,framerate=5/1,width=1280,height=960 ! jpegparse
 ! filesink location=/tmp/test2.jpg
 # raw image
-$ gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src num-buffers=1 ! videoconvert ! &#x27;video/x-raw,width=1280,height=960,format=RGBx&#x27; ! filesink location=image.raw</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/d386e5c1338049d48b1c63b4138ab841" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">关于 Streaming 的解释： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Playing media straight from the Internet without storing it locally</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> is known as </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Streaming</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. We have been doing it throughout the tutorials whenever we used a URI starting with </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="chrome-extension://ldmmifpegigmeammaeckplhnjbbpccmm/popup/index.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">http://</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. This tutorial shows a couple of additional points to keep in mind when streaming. In particular:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/80e8aec806894cfaa9b1ac9432dda6a5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">information Embedding multiple streams inside a single file is called “multiplexing” or “muxing”, and such file is then known as a </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">“container”</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. Common container formats are Matroska (.mkv), Quicktime (.qt, .mov, .mp4), Ogg (.ogg) or Webm (.webm).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/838c21196e81444182158c25799d8460" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Retrieving the individual streams from within the container is called “demultiplexing” or “demuxing”.</mark></span></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/532987b631584ad1ad0523e0ef1e7caa" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/532987b631584ad1ad0523e0ef1e7caa"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2 像素格式：YUV 和 RGB </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/#%E5%83%8F%E7%B4%A0%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F-yuv-%E5%92%8C-rgb"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/3a3878862ff0472c80452ae023f1c9c6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">YUV 是一种颜色编码方法</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。常使用在各个影像处理组件中。 YUV 在对照片或影片编码时，考虑到人类的感知能力，允许降低色度的带宽。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/6c603143275e4eba925f52d05e6fbd78" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">YUV是编译true-color颜色空间（color space）的种类， </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Y&#x27;UV, YUV, YCbCr，YPbPr等专有名词都可以称为YUV</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ，彼此有重叠。</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/a0c631676ef8412ca284c96cb600c396" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">“Y”表示明亮度（Luminance、Luma）</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/3ec4e08e113d48fc958c010b7448b2c5" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">“U”和“V”则是色度、浓度（Chrominance、Chroma），</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/2a008f6100254a1e9aec56f9b6e2a9a8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Y′UV, YUV, YCbCr, YPbPr所指涉的范围，常有混淆或重叠的情况。从历史的演变来说，其中：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/7bf4308ba518461eae6c344f5c5f3fa9" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">YUV和Y&#x27;UV通常用来编码电视的模拟信号</code></mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/731683bdfd5144ffb0f36cf48a62ace1" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">YCbCr 则是用来描述数字的影像信号</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ，适合影片与图片压缩以及传输，例如 MPEG、JPEG。</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/c9bdde82a08c48ccadf024bea332f367" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">彩色图像记录的格式，常见的有 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RGB、YUV、CMYK</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 等。彩色电视最早的构想是使用 RGB 三原色来同时传输。这种设计方式是原来黑白带宽的3倍，在当时并不是很好的设计。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/21eb08da759648c1a89d0cbac448d022" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB诉求于人眼对色彩的感应，YUV则着重于视觉对于亮度的敏感程度，Y代表的是亮度，UV代表的是彩度（因此黑白电影可省略UV，相近于RGB），分别用Cr和Cb来表示，因此YUV的记录通常以Y:UV的格式呈现。</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/a84a09cd8ae64b759692043728653e77" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Y：表示亮度，也称流明；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/55048fafc32b4812bfc40417c41c7105" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Cb：蓝色浓度偏移量；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a958e781d00e4bc0870a67bae86c19fa" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Cr：红色浓度偏移量；</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/ad60768f73a84a078d6d4d3b0eae8b47" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">为节省带宽起见，大多数YUV格式平均使用的每像素位数都少于24位。主要的抽样（subsample）格式有 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">YCbCr 4:2:0、YCbCr 4:2:2、YCbCr 4:1:1和YCbCr 4:4:4</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。YUV的表示法称为A:B:C表示法：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/fe4eba89214c4d07bc5a56ee934caa72" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4:4:4表示完全取样。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/16e918d8cd00432997775fd5845b37dc" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4:2:2表示2:1的水平取样，垂直完全采样。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/9d29023053784441b8e6f1819699c8f9" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4:2:0表示2:1的水平取样，垂直2:1采样。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/ed88d077f18741728087c007537982eb" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4:1:1表示4:1的水平取样，垂直完全采样。</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/d86eab92865049b2a4541f33331a9d48" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">最常用Y:UV记录的比重通常1:1或2:1，DVD-Video是以YUV 4:2:0的方式记录，也就是我们俗称的 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">I420，YUV4:2:0</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 并不是说只有U（即Cb）, V（即Cr）一定为0，而是指U：V互相援引，时见时隐，也就是说对于每一个行，只有U或者V分量，如果一行是4:2:0的话，下一行就是4:0:2，再下一行是4:2:0…以此类推。至于其他常见的YUV格式有 YUY2、YUYV、YVYU、UYVY、AYUV、Y41P、Y411、Y211、IF09、IYUV、YV12、YVU9、YUV411、YUV420等。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ad5982aa19ae43e7a4cb6259e45d6842" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Y’代表明亮度(luma; brightness)而U与V存储色度(色讯; chrominance; color)部分; 亮度(luminance)记作Y，而 Y’的prime符号记作伽玛校正。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8cb3528e4c2a4db6bca6b8bfcb50283b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">YUV Formats分成两个格式：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/12925b184f1849b990f2593cf1b9cc28" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">紧缩格式（packed formats）：将Y、U、V值存储成Macro Pixels数组，和RGB的存放方式类似。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/5e6c154d08a848bca0187777a6abe0e0" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">平面格式（planar formats）：将Y、U、V的三个分量分别存放在不同的矩阵中。</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/71e92cf4cd9041d6b99659ecd8a6aa55" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">紧缩格式（packed format）中的YUV是混合在一起的，对于YUV4:2:2格式而言，用紧缩格式很合适的，因此就有了 UYVY、YUYV等。平面格式（planar formats）是指每Y分量，U分量和V分量都是以独立的平面组织的，也就是说所有的U分量必须在Y分量后面，而V分量在所有的U分量后面，此一格式适用于采样（subsample）。平面格式（planar format）有I420（4:2:0）、YV12、IYUV等。</mark></span></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/642bdf3c18a341ecb4c5ab3696c9a3ed" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/642bdf3c18a341ecb4c5ab3696c9a3ed"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">3 RTSP 协议：Real-Time Streaming Protocol </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/#rtsp-%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE-real-time-streaming-protocol"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/299999211b4e4ae893d74e01cfed0fee" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://antmedia.io/rtsp-explained-what-is-rtsp-how-it-works/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://antmedia.io/rtsp-explained-what-is-rtsp-how-it-works/</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ef1e03361d3c4945a70ce0d6eecbbae2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">The Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) is an application-level network protocol designed for multiplexing and packetizing multimedia transport streams (such as interactive media, video and audio) over a suitable transport protocol. RTSP is used in entertainment and communications systems to </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">control streaming media servers</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. The protocol is used for establishing and controlling media sessions between endpoints. Clients of media servers </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">issue commands such as play, record and pause, to facilitate real-time control of the media streaming from the server to a client</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> (video on demand) or from a client to the server (voice recording).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d0664275fbe543eebb008b087f7696ba" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Like HTTP, RTSP uses TCP to maintain an end-to-end connection and, while most RTSP control messages are sent by the client to the server, some commands travel in the other direction (i.e. from server to client).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2fcebba0579545b9ae99fb51ad56c6d8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">PLAY：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/de7ebb73376d468897d9a6eae7e4edee" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">C-&gt;S: PLAY rtsp://example.com/media.mp4 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 4 Range: npt=5-20 Session: 12345678</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e610941a148e485cb90a05368e989449" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">S-&gt;C: RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 4 Session: 12345678 RTP-Info: url=rtsp://example.com/media.mp4/streamid=0;seq=9810092;rtptime=3450012</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ead4d077b394425f8e8597f350d894fe" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">PAUSE：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/afb6f4c59a024644825115eb3c6cdbec" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">C-&gt;S: PAUSE rtsp://example.com/media.mp4 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 5 Session: 12345678</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/42132dad5a084b108a60501672069647" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">S-&gt;C: RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 5 Session: 12345678</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/5f897bfefca94b3089616b95e8f794f9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTP：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/09962230c77749dc9b04e1b0546b5b68" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">The transmission of streaming data itself is not a task of RTSP. Most </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RTSP servers use the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP)</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> in conjunction with Real-time Control Protocol (RTCP) for media stream delivery . However, some vendors implement proprietary transport protocols. The RTSP server software from RealNetworks, for example, also used RealNetworks’ proprietary Real Data Transport (RDT).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/11bb921348f34c6caf664309844bdd68" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTP VS RTSP</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/788525817b424510b7e2cd896d4b4b0b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP is a realtime streaming protocol. Meaning, you can </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">stream whatever you want in real time</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. So you can use it to stream LIVE content (no matter what it is, video, audio, text, presentation…). </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RTP is a transport protocol</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> which is used to transport media data which is negotiated over RTSP.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e4cd4867555f4e998d39f686618b0522" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">You </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">use RTSP to control media transmission over RTP</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. You use it to setup, play, pause, teardown the stream…</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/30586a84bdad4008a6066514a6ee39bb" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">So, if you want your server to just start streaming when the URL is requested, you can implement some sort of </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RTP-only server</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. But if you want </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">more control</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> and if you are streaming live video, you </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">must use RTSP</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, because it transmits SDP and other important decoding data.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a914185a67da4a45ade41ac590a7836b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">总结：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/c8437aa3c75241cfb8a6fcb57b01b40c" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP 提供了丰富的流媒体控制能力；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/97145d8f06774b53a4cdc45046083ab5" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如果不需要控制，只是 stream，可以只实现 RTP server；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/77b5602cfacd4710a0dd860a9afe1cd3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP is widely used in </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">IP camera</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, running as </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RTSP server in camera</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, so that user could </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">play(pull)</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> the RTSP stream from camera. It is a low cost solution, because we don’t need a central media server (think about thousands of camera streams). The arch is bellow:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a836c577b8034c45a6de781fe9021ed4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">IP Camera —-RTSP(pull)—&gt; Player (RTSP server) (User Agent)</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/bbacb5dc6bfa41b49b6f0abd1662da49" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">The RTSP protocol actually contains: A signaling over TCP, at port 554, used to exchange the SDP (also used in WebRTC), about media capabilities. UDP/TCP streams over serval ports, generally two ports, </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">one for RTCP and one for RTP (also used in WebRTC)</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/95f70365b7674a74963b156eae391831" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Comparing to WebRTC, which is now available in H5:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0616a8386c1c42be95b812932ed64355" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">A signaling over HTTP/WebSocket or exchange by any other protocols, used to exchange the SDP. UDP streams(RTP/RTCP) over one or many ports, generally bind to one port, to make cloud services load balancer happy.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f8aee6063f104d2484cf52ebb827fe18" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">In protocol view, RTSP and WebRTC are similar, but the use scenario is very different, because it’s off the topic, let’s grossly simplified, WebRTC is design for web conference, while RTSP is used for IP camera systems.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/41e1f2d1a1ad459e9f6d60ee1d83283c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">So it’s clear both RTSP and WebRTC are solution and protocol, used in different scenario. While RTP is transport protocol, also it can be used in live streaming by WebRTC.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ec578f93c7724234b391a548c566b3b2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">服务端：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/935f0807cb444d9ba4ecf0fe2b92a570" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Darwin Streaming Server</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">: Open-sourced version of QuickTime Streaming Server maintained by Apple.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/98a9327eb3a44960af2d980713182e17" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">GStreamer</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> based RTSP Server and client.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a91c23baa6344f15a87b361aec07bb0f" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Many CCTV / Security cameras, often called </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">IP cameras</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, support RTSP streaming too, especially those with ONVIF (the Open Network Video Interface Forum) profiles G, S, T.</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/3ae8432f28da471599d1bef893d4bcdb" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用 GStreamer 的 gst-launch-1.0 来做 RTP streaming (audio+video)：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/2857a769f0144879a4d063ada0f0a7be" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">发送端：gst-launch-1.0 -v uridecodebin name=uridec uri=&lt;/C:\video.mp4&gt; ! videoconvert ! x264enc noise-reduction=10000 tune=zerolatency byte-stream=true threads=4 key-int-max=15 intra-refresh=true ! mpegtsmux alignment=7 name=mux ! rtpmp2tpay ! queue ! udpsink host=127.0.0.1 port=5000 sync=true uridec. ! audioconvert ! voaacenc ! audio/mpeg ! queue ! mux.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/d6161432e6bc450bbdb0c01f09715d66" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">接收端：</mark></span></span><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/14a5f902d02f4df795168bf231b3ca30" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gst-launch-1.0 -v playbin uri=udp://127.0.0.1:5000</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/74efc996793c443caf221d8c2e3eecc0" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">VLC：vlc rtp://@:5000， Open Network Stream (CTRL+N)</mark></span></span></li></ol></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/25f0f5b2ee5b46ebad9a5b6e32e8a85d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用 GStraemer 的 gst-launch-1.0 将本地 jpg 图片转换为 RTP 流：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/6043be317d974fa9a072586886e7e0ef" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gst-launch-1.0 multifilesrc location=“C:\\Pictures\\Photo.jpg” loop=true start-index=0 stop-index=0 ! image/jpeg,width=640,height=512,type=video,framerate=30/1 ! identity ! jpegdec ! videoscale !videoconvert ! x264enc ! h264parse ! mpegtsmux ! rtpmp2tpay ! udpsink host=127.0.0.1 port=5000</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/bd00e2561c874fcb8392bf81db77600c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP 是可以 streaming 任何数据的交互式控制协议。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/00cfc07e20124e13861dfc49738c5889" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">关于RTSP_RTP_RTCP协议的深刻初步介绍： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/72917813"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/72917813</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/be0be111285442f981a5c9e3ca968342" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">前记</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3bdd0270f30842bf9aed63c93c90698d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">作为一个软件工程师，特别是偏向安防应用或者互联网对接，都应该听说RTSP，RTP，RTCP等协议的概念。本篇博文详细介绍一下关于RTSP等协议，让读者更加方便的理解透彻。另外后续还会从RTSP的应用方面继续编写。三个协议简单描述</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a22543d2b2d441129edf0a6bfd8202ed" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP（Real Time Streaming Protocol），RFC2326，实时流传输协议，是TCP/IP协议体系中的一个应用层协议，由哥伦比亚大学、网景和RealNetworks公司提交的IETF RFC标准。该协议定义了一对多应用程序如何有效地通过IP网络传送多媒体数据。RTSP在体系结构上位于RTP和RTCP之上，它使用TCP或UDP完成数据传输。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c97f7cdbbfc344809cbfde3a1aa69017" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Real-time Transport Protocol或简写RTP，它是由IETF的多媒体传输工作小组1996年在RFC 1889中公布的。RTP协议详细说明了在互联网上传递音频和视频的标准数据包格式。它是创建在UDP协议上的。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/32201a1c68404a6390e7ae6734299cb7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Real-time Transport Control Protocol或RTP Control Protocol或简写RTCP）是实时传输协议（RTP）的一个姐妹协议。RTCP由RFC 3550定义（取代作废的RFC 1889）。RTP 使用一个 偶数 UDP port ；而RTCP 则使用 RTP 的下一个 port，也就是一个奇数 port。RTCP与RTP联合工作，RTP实施实际数据的传输，RTCP则负责将控制包送至电话中的每个人。其主要功能是就RTP正在提供的服务质量做出反馈。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3714d458553d446bbc51d542c94b8991" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">简单的说，以上三个协议就是负责以下图片内容：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/638e6c047834462583c0a4b06d5b5920" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=797"><img src="#?width=797" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/5e187c903649445481d9eab55c6634e3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">三个协议其实相辅相成，只是读完简单介绍其实并不能深刻理解其协议的深刻内涵或者使用方法以及其架构。下面我们对其协议进行详细拆分深刻挖掘。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/914866cd838d458cb6d1563f9f9e7a8e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/0e5d6a86cf8c45d196debe44053a562c" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Micro-RTSP 将 ESP32-CAM boards 的 OV2640 jpeg frame 通过 RTSP Streaming： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/enesbcs/ESP32_RTSP_Cam/tree/master/lib"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/enesbcs/ESP32_RTSP_Cam/tree/master/lib</mark></a></span></span></li></ul><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/9e221beb26c44ce5a4afb3c95fc0c5cd" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/9e221beb26c44ce5a4afb3c95fc0c5cd"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4 Motion JPEG/webcam 和 HTTP Video Streaming </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/#motion-jpeg-webcam-%E5%92%8C-http-video-streaming"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/55fb3c5d20a7455a9bb2b2258169d1c9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Motion JPEG (M-JPEG or MJPEG) is </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">a video compression format</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> in which each video frame or interlaced field of a digital video sequence is </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">compressed separately as a JPEG image</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/34e60723b03f49fb94530097a4f719cb" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Originally developed for multimedia PC applications, Motion JPEG enjoys broad client support: most major </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">web browsers and players provide native support</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, and plug-ins are available for the rest. Software and devices using the M-JPEG standard include web browsers, media players, game consoles, digital cameras, IP cameras, webcams, streaming servers, video cameras, and non-linear video editors</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c081fbb3905f4e3a80943d6ee57fd231" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">M-JPEG is now used by </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">video-capture devices</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> such as digital cameras, IP cameras, and webcams, as well as by non-linear video editing systems. It is </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">natively supported by the QuickTime Player</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, the PlayStation console, and web browsers such as Safari, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Microsoft Edge.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/823d04f6356544829a35585ad3e7da21" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video streaming</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/34c32b715f6c4f8fbb5c410eb8971ec6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">HTTP streaming </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">separates each image into individual HTTP replies on a specified marker</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. HTTP streaming creates packets of </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">a sequence of JPEG images</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> that can be received by clients such as </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">QuickTime or VLC</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. In response to a GET request for a MJPEG file or stream, </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">the server streams the sequence of JPEG frames over HTTP</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> .</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f8aa8dd43b47499c8767a6b4e24ab92f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">A special mime-type content type </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=&lt;boundary-name&gt;</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> informs the client to expect several parts (frames) as an answer delimited by </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. This boundary name is expressly disclosed within the MIME-type declaration itself. </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">The TCP connection is not closed</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> as long as the client wants to receive new frames and the server wants to provide new frames.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/395fb7827b7a4175818d75b380bc0637" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Two basic implementations of a M-JPEG streaming server are </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">cambozola and MJPG-Streamer</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. The more robust </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">ffmpeg-server</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> also provides M-JPEG streaming support.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d9c776e84ea4421ca91215f62e14d71d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Native web browser support</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> includes: Safari, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge[8] and Firefox.[9] Other browsers, such as Internet Explorer can display M-JPEG streams with the help of external plugins. Cambozola is an applet that can show M-JPEG streams in Java-enabled browsers. M-JPEG is also natively supported by PlayStation and </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">QuickTime</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Most commonly, M-JPEG is used in IP based security cameras.[10]</code></mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/749b85d3c3fb465aa73ff8acde5f7adc" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video4Linux: v4l2, v4l</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/b3f0f1bbfb77495aafacb42a63053435" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Linux Kernel 提供的 video capture 的设备驱动和 APIs；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e6acd26f762449b8b48039b0fbac9259" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ffmpeg 使用 V4L 驱动和 APIs 来捕获视频；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/01a4b8839f36403b8c587080eead2142" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gstreamer 的 gst-launch-1.0 工具可以从 v4l 设备 stream 视频：</mark></span></span><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/3a6d1936ff7343faa2568362b16111bf" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src ! xvimagesink： This pipeline shows the video captured from /dev/video0 tv card and for webcams.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/1f992f1c00fd4afe997fec51323c381e" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src ! jpegdec ! xvimagesink ：This pipeline shows the video captured from a webcam that delivers jpeg images.</mark></span></span></li></ol></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/39b9fac589dc4118be2c096987c4a171" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video4Linux (V4L for short) is a collection of </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">device drivers and an API</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> for supporting realtime video capture on Linux systems.[1] It supports many </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">USB webcams</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, TV tuners, and related devices, standardizing their output, so programmers can easily add video support to their applications.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e1ff45db035e40b0b003b85402eecd9b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video4Linux is responsible for creating V4L2 device nodes aka a device file (</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">/dev/videoX, /dev/vbiX and /dev/radioX</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ) and tracking data from these nodes. The device node creation is handled by </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">V4L device drivers</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> using the video_device struct (v4l2-dev.h) and it can either be allocated dynamically or embedded in another larger struct.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9e98b6ceb4a54e9691da280e91e8a846" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video4Linux was named after Video for Windows (which is sometimes abbreviated “V4W”), but is not technically related to it.[2][3]</mark></span></span></p></div></article>
+$ gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src num-buffers=1 ! videoconvert ! &#x27;video/x-raw,width=1280,height=960,format=RGBx&#x27; ! filesink location=image.raw</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/d386e5c1338049d48b1c63b4138ab841" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">关于 Streaming 的解释： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Playing media straight from the Internet without storing it locally</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> is known as </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Streaming</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. We have been doing it throughout the tutorials whenever we used a URI starting with </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="chrome-extension://ldmmifpegigmeammaeckplhnjbbpccmm/popup/index.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">http://</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. This tutorial shows a couple of additional points to keep in mind when streaming. In particular:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/80e8aec806894cfaa9b1ac9432dda6a5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">information Embedding multiple streams inside a single file is called “multiplexing” or “muxing”, and such file is then known as a </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">“container”</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. Common container formats are Matroska (.mkv), Quicktime (.qt, .mov, .mp4), Ogg (.ogg) or Webm (.webm).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/838c21196e81444182158c25799d8460" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Retrieving the individual streams from within the container is called “demultiplexing” or “demuxing”.</mark></span></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/532987b631584ad1ad0523e0ef1e7caa" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/532987b631584ad1ad0523e0ef1e7caa"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2 像素格式：YUV 和 RGB </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/#%E5%83%8F%E7%B4%A0%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F-yuv-%E5%92%8C-rgb"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/3a3878862ff0472c80452ae023f1c9c6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">YUV 是一种颜色编码方法</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。常使用在各个影像处理组件中。 YUV 在对照片或影片编码时，考虑到人类的感知能力，允许降低色度的带宽。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/6c603143275e4eba925f52d05e6fbd78" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">YUV是编译true-color颜色空间（color space）的种类， </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Y&#x27;UV, YUV, YCbCr，YPbPr等专有名词都可以称为YUV</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ，彼此有重叠。</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/a0c631676ef8412ca284c96cb600c396" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">“Y”表示明亮度（Luminance、Luma）</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/3ec4e08e113d48fc958c010b7448b2c5" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">“U”和“V”则是色度、浓度（Chrominance、Chroma），</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/2a008f6100254a1e9aec56f9b6e2a9a8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Y′UV, YUV, YCbCr, YPbPr所指涉的范围，常有混淆或重叠的情况。从历史的演变来说，其中：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/7bf4308ba518461eae6c344f5c5f3fa9" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">YUV和Y&#x27;UV通常用来编码电视的模拟信号</code></mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/731683bdfd5144ffb0f36cf48a62ace1" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">YCbCr 则是用来描述数字的影像信号</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ，适合影片与图片压缩以及传输，例如 MPEG、JPEG。</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/c9bdde82a08c48ccadf024bea332f367" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">彩色图像记录的格式，常见的有 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RGB、YUV、CMYK</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 等。彩色电视最早的构想是使用 RGB 三原色来同时传输。这种设计方式是原来黑白带宽的3倍，在当时并不是很好的设计。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/21eb08da759648c1a89d0cbac448d022" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RGB诉求于人眼对色彩的感应，YUV则着重于视觉对于亮度的敏感程度，Y代表的是亮度，UV代表的是彩度（因此黑白电影可省略UV，相近于RGB），分别用Cr和Cb来表示，因此YUV的记录通常以Y:UV的格式呈现。</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/a84a09cd8ae64b759692043728653e77" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Y：表示亮度，也称流明；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/55048fafc32b4812bfc40417c41c7105" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Cb：蓝色浓度偏移量；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a958e781d00e4bc0870a67bae86c19fa" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Cr：红色浓度偏移量；</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/ad60768f73a84a078d6d4d3b0eae8b47" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">为节省带宽起见，大多数YUV格式平均使用的每像素位数都少于24位。主要的抽样（subsample）格式有 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">YCbCr 4:2:0、YCbCr 4:2:2、YCbCr 4:1:1和YCbCr 4:4:4</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。YUV的表示法称为A:B:C表示法：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/fe4eba89214c4d07bc5a56ee934caa72" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4:4:4表示完全取样。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/16e918d8cd00432997775fd5845b37dc" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4:2:2表示2:1的水平取样，垂直完全采样。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/9d29023053784441b8e6f1819699c8f9" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4:2:0表示2:1的水平取样，垂直2:1采样。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/ed88d077f18741728087c007537982eb" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4:1:1表示4:1的水平取样，垂直完全采样。</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/d86eab92865049b2a4541f33331a9d48" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">最常用Y:UV记录的比重通常1:1或2:1，DVD-Video是以YUV 4:2:0的方式记录，也就是我们俗称的 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">I420，YUV4:2:0</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 并不是说只有U（即Cb）, V（即Cr）一定为0，而是指U：V互相援引，时见时隐，也就是说对于每一个行，只有U或者V分量，如果一行是4:2:0的话，下一行就是4:0:2，再下一行是4:2:0…以此类推。至于其他常见的YUV格式有 YUY2、YUYV、YVYU、UYVY、AYUV、Y41P、Y411、Y211、IF09、IYUV、YV12、YVU9、YUV411、YUV420等。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ad5982aa19ae43e7a4cb6259e45d6842" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Y’代表明亮度(luma; brightness)而U与V存储色度(色讯; chrominance; color)部分; 亮度(luminance)记作Y，而 Y’的prime符号记作伽玛校正。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8cb3528e4c2a4db6bca6b8bfcb50283b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">YUV Formats分成两个格式：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/12925b184f1849b990f2593cf1b9cc28" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">紧缩格式（packed formats）：将Y、U、V值存储成Macro Pixels数组，和RGB的存放方式类似。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/5e6c154d08a848bca0187777a6abe0e0" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">平面格式（planar formats）：将Y、U、V的三个分量分别存放在不同的矩阵中。</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/71e92cf4cd9041d6b99659ecd8a6aa55" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">紧缩格式（packed format）中的YUV是混合在一起的，对于YUV4:2:2格式而言，用紧缩格式很合适的，因此就有了 UYVY、YUYV等。平面格式（planar formats）是指每Y分量，U分量和V分量都是以独立的平面组织的，也就是说所有的U分量必须在Y分量后面，而V分量在所有的U分量后面，此一格式适用于采样（subsample）。平面格式（planar format）有I420（4:2:0）、YV12、IYUV等。</mark></span></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/642bdf3c18a341ecb4c5ab3696c9a3ed" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/642bdf3c18a341ecb4c5ab3696c9a3ed"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">3 RTSP 协议：Real-Time Streaming Protocol </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/#rtsp-%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE-real-time-streaming-protocol"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/299999211b4e4ae893d74e01cfed0fee" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://antmedia.io/rtsp-explained-what-is-rtsp-how-it-works/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://antmedia.io/rtsp-explained-what-is-rtsp-how-it-works/</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ef1e03361d3c4945a70ce0d6eecbbae2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">The Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) is an application-level network protocol designed for multiplexing and packetizing multimedia transport streams (such as interactive media, video and audio) over a suitable transport protocol. RTSP is used in entertainment and communications systems to </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">control streaming media servers</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. The protocol is used for establishing and controlling media sessions between endpoints. Clients of media servers </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">issue commands such as play, record and pause, to facilitate real-time control of the media streaming from the server to a client</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> (video on demand) or from a client to the server (voice recording).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d0664275fbe543eebb008b087f7696ba" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Like HTTP, RTSP uses TCP to maintain an end-to-end connection and, while most RTSP control messages are sent by the client to the server, some commands travel in the other direction (i.e. from server to client).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2fcebba0579545b9ae99fb51ad56c6d8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">PLAY：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/de7ebb73376d468897d9a6eae7e4edee" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">C-&gt;S: PLAY rtsp://example.com/media.mp4 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 4 Range: npt=5-20 Session: 12345678</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e610941a148e485cb90a05368e989449" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">S-&gt;C: RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 4 Session: 12345678 RTP-Info: url=rtsp://example.com/media.mp4/streamid=0;seq=9810092;rtptime=3450012</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ead4d077b394425f8e8597f350d894fe" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">PAUSE：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/afb6f4c59a024644825115eb3c6cdbec" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">C-&gt;S: PAUSE rtsp://example.com/media.mp4 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 5 Session: 12345678</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/42132dad5a084b108a60501672069647" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">S-&gt;C: RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 5 Session: 12345678</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/5f897bfefca94b3089616b95e8f794f9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTP：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/09962230c77749dc9b04e1b0546b5b68" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">The transmission of streaming data itself is not a task of RTSP. Most </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RTSP servers use the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP)</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> in conjunction with Real-time Control Protocol (RTCP) for media stream delivery . However, some vendors implement proprietary transport protocols. The RTSP server software from RealNetworks, for example, also used RealNetworks’ proprietary Real Data Transport (RDT).</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/11bb921348f34c6caf664309844bdd68" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTP VS RTSP</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/788525817b424510b7e2cd896d4b4b0b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP is a realtime streaming protocol. Meaning, you can </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">stream whatever you want in real time</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. So you can use it to stream LIVE content (no matter what it is, video, audio, text, presentation…). </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RTP is a transport protocol</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> which is used to transport media data which is negotiated over RTSP.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e4cd4867555f4e998d39f686618b0522" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">You </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">use RTSP to control media transmission over RTP</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. You use it to setup, play, pause, teardown the stream…</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/30586a84bdad4008a6066514a6ee39bb" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">So, if you want your server to just start streaming when the URL is requested, you can implement some sort of </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RTP-only server</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. But if you want </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">more control</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> and if you are streaming live video, you </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">must use RTSP</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, because it transmits SDP and other important decoding data.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a914185a67da4a45ade41ac590a7836b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">总结：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/c8437aa3c75241cfb8a6fcb57b01b40c" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP 提供了丰富的流媒体控制能力；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/97145d8f06774b53a4cdc45046083ab5" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如果不需要控制，只是 stream，可以只实现 RTP server；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/77b5602cfacd4710a0dd860a9afe1cd3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP is widely used in </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">IP camera</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, running as </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">RTSP server in camera</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, so that user could </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">play(pull)</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> the RTSP stream from camera. It is a low cost solution, because we don’t need a central media server (think about thousands of camera streams). The arch is bellow:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a836c577b8034c45a6de781fe9021ed4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">IP Camera —-RTSP(pull)—&gt; Player (RTSP server) (User Agent)</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/bbacb5dc6bfa41b49b6f0abd1662da49" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">The RTSP protocol actually contains: A signaling over TCP, at port 554, used to exchange the SDP (also used in WebRTC), about media capabilities. UDP/TCP streams over serval ports, generally two ports, </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">one for RTCP and one for RTP (also used in WebRTC)</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/95f70365b7674a74963b156eae391831" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Comparing to WebRTC, which is now available in H5:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0616a8386c1c42be95b812932ed64355" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">A signaling over HTTP/WebSocket or exchange by any other protocols, used to exchange the SDP. UDP streams(RTP/RTCP) over one or many ports, generally bind to one port, to make cloud services load balancer happy.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f8aee6063f104d2484cf52ebb827fe18" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">In protocol view, RTSP and WebRTC are similar, but the use scenario is very different, because it’s off the topic, let’s grossly simplified, WebRTC is design for web conference, while RTSP is used for IP camera systems.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/41e1f2d1a1ad459e9f6d60ee1d83283c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">So it’s clear both RTSP and WebRTC are solution and protocol, used in different scenario. While RTP is transport protocol, also it can be used in live streaming by WebRTC.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ec578f93c7724234b391a548c566b3b2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">服务端：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/935f0807cb444d9ba4ecf0fe2b92a570" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Darwin Streaming Server</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">: Open-sourced version of QuickTime Streaming Server maintained by Apple.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/98a9327eb3a44960af2d980713182e17" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">GStreamer</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> based RTSP Server and client.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a91c23baa6344f15a87b361aec07bb0f" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Many CCTV / Security cameras, often called </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">IP cameras</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, support RTSP streaming too, especially those with ONVIF (the Open Network Video Interface Forum) profiles G, S, T.</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/3ae8432f28da471599d1bef893d4bcdb" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用 GStreamer 的 gst-launch-1.0 来做 RTP streaming (audio+video)：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/2857a769f0144879a4d063ada0f0a7be" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">发送端：gst-launch-1.0 -v uridecodebin name=uridec uri=&lt;/C:\video.mp4&gt; ! videoconvert ! x264enc noise-reduction=10000 tune=zerolatency byte-stream=true threads=4 key-int-max=15 intra-refresh=true ! mpegtsmux alignment=7 name=mux ! rtpmp2tpay ! queue ! udpsink host=127.0.0.1 port=5000 sync=true uridec. ! audioconvert ! voaacenc ! audio/mpeg ! queue ! mux.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/d6161432e6bc450bbdb0c01f09715d66" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">接收端：</mark></span></span><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/14a5f902d02f4df795168bf231b3ca30" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gst-launch-1.0 -v playbin uri=udp://127.0.0.1:5000</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/74efc996793c443caf221d8c2e3eecc0" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">VLC：vlc rtp://@:5000， Open Network Stream (CTRL+N)</mark></span></span></li></ol></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/25f0f5b2ee5b46ebad9a5b6e32e8a85d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用 GStraemer 的 gst-launch-1.0 将本地 jpg 图片转换为 RTP 流：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/6043be317d974fa9a072586886e7e0ef" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gst-launch-1.0 multifilesrc location=“C:\\Pictures\\Photo.jpg” loop=true start-index=0 stop-index=0 ! image/jpeg,width=640,height=512,type=video,framerate=30/1 ! identity ! jpegdec ! videoscale !videoconvert ! x264enc ! h264parse ! mpegtsmux ! rtpmp2tpay ! udpsink host=127.0.0.1 port=5000</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/bd00e2561c874fcb8392bf81db77600c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP 是可以 streaming 任何数据的交互式控制协议。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/00cfc07e20124e13861dfc49738c5889" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">关于RTSP_RTP_RTCP协议的深刻初步介绍： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/72917813"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/72917813</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/be0be111285442f981a5c9e3ca968342" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">前记</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3bdd0270f30842bf9aed63c93c90698d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">作为一个软件工程师，特别是偏向安防应用或者互联网对接，都应该听说RTSP，RTP，RTCP等协议的概念。本篇博文详细介绍一下关于RTSP等协议，让读者更加方便的理解透彻。另外后续还会从RTSP的应用方面继续编写。三个协议简单描述</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a22543d2b2d441129edf0a6bfd8202ed" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">RTSP（Real Time Streaming Protocol），RFC2326，实时流传输协议，是TCP/IP协议体系中的一个应用层协议，由哥伦比亚大学、网景和RealNetworks公司提交的IETF RFC标准。该协议定义了一对多应用程序如何有效地通过IP网络传送多媒体数据。RTSP在体系结构上位于RTP和RTCP之上，它使用TCP或UDP完成数据传输。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c97f7cdbbfc344809cbfde3a1aa69017" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Real-time Transport Protocol或简写RTP，它是由IETF的多媒体传输工作小组1996年在RFC 1889中公布的。RTP协议详细说明了在互联网上传递音频和视频的标准数据包格式。它是创建在UDP协议上的。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/32201a1c68404a6390e7ae6734299cb7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Real-time Transport Control Protocol或RTP Control Protocol或简写RTCP）是实时传输协议（RTP）的一个姐妹协议。RTCP由RFC 3550定义（取代作废的RFC 1889）。RTP 使用一个 偶数 UDP port ；而RTCP 则使用 RTP 的下一个 port，也就是一个奇数 port。RTCP与RTP联合工作，RTP实施实际数据的传输，RTCP则负责将控制包送至电话中的每个人。其主要功能是就RTP正在提供的服务质量做出反馈。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3714d458553d446bbc51d542c94b8991" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">简单的说，以上三个协议就是负责以下图片内容：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/638e6c047834462583c0a4b06d5b5920" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=797"><img src="#?width=797" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/5e187c903649445481d9eab55c6634e3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">三个协议其实相辅相成，只是读完简单介绍其实并不能深刻理解其协议的深刻内涵或者使用方法以及其架构。下面我们对其协议进行详细拆分深刻挖掘。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/914866cd838d458cb6d1563f9f9e7a8e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/0e5d6a86cf8c45d196debe44053a562c" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Micro-RTSP 将 ESP32-CAM boards 的 OV2640 jpeg frame 通过 RTSP Streaming： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/enesbcs/ESP32_RTSP_Cam/tree/master/lib"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/enesbcs/ESP32_RTSP_Cam/tree/master/lib</mark></a></span></span></li></ul><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/9e221beb26c44ce5a4afb3c95fc0c5cd" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/9e221beb26c44ce5a4afb3c95fc0c5cd"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4 Motion JPEG/webcam 和 HTTP Video Streaming </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/#motion-jpeg-webcam-%E5%92%8C-http-video-streaming"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/55fb3c5d20a7455a9bb2b2258169d1c9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Motion JPEG (M-JPEG or MJPEG) is </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">a video compression format</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> in which each video frame or interlaced field of a digital video sequence is </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">compressed separately as a JPEG image</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/34e60723b03f49fb94530097a4f719cb" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Originally developed for multimedia PC applications, Motion JPEG enjoys broad client support: most major </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">web browsers and players provide native support</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, and plug-ins are available for the rest. Software and devices using the M-JPEG standard include web browsers, media players, game consoles, digital cameras, IP cameras, webcams, streaming servers, video cameras, and non-linear video editors</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c081fbb3905f4e3a80943d6ee57fd231" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">M-JPEG is now used by </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">video-capture devices</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> such as digital cameras, IP cameras, and webcams, as well as by non-linear video editing systems. It is </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">natively supported by the QuickTime Player</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, the PlayStation console, and web browsers such as Safari, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Microsoft Edge.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/823d04f6356544829a35585ad3e7da21" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video streaming</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/34c32b715f6c4f8fbb5c410eb8971ec6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">HTTP streaming </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">separates each image into individual HTTP replies on a specified marker</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. HTTP streaming creates packets of </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">a sequence of JPEG images</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> that can be received by clients such as </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">QuickTime or VLC</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. In response to a GET request for a MJPEG file or stream, </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">the server streams the sequence of JPEG frames over HTTP</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> .</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f8aa8dd43b47499c8767a6b4e24ab92f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">A special mime-type content type </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=&lt;boundary-name&gt;</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> informs the client to expect several parts (frames) as an answer delimited by </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. This boundary name is expressly disclosed within the MIME-type declaration itself. </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">The TCP connection is not closed</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> as long as the client wants to receive new frames and the server wants to provide new frames.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/395fb7827b7a4175818d75b380bc0637" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Two basic implementations of a M-JPEG streaming server are </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">cambozola and MJPG-Streamer</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. The more robust </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">ffmpeg-server</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> also provides M-JPEG streaming support.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d9c776e84ea4421ca91215f62e14d71d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Native web browser support</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> includes: Safari, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge[8] and Firefox.[9] Other browsers, such as Internet Explorer can display M-JPEG streams with the help of external plugins. Cambozola is an applet that can show M-JPEG streams in Java-enabled browsers. M-JPEG is also natively supported by PlayStation and </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">QuickTime</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Most commonly, M-JPEG is used in IP based security cameras.[10]</code></mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/749b85d3c3fb465aa73ff8acde5f7adc" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video4Linux: v4l2, v4l</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/b3f0f1bbfb77495aafacb42a63053435" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Linux Kernel 提供的 video capture 的设备驱动和 APIs；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e6acd26f762449b8b48039b0fbac9259" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ffmpeg 使用 V4L 驱动和 APIs 来捕获视频；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/01a4b8839f36403b8c587080eead2142" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gstreamer 的 gst-launch-1.0 工具可以从 v4l 设备 stream 视频：</mark></span></span><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/3a6d1936ff7343faa2568362b16111bf" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src ! xvimagesink： This pipeline shows the video captured from /dev/video0 tv card and for webcams.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/1f992f1c00fd4afe997fec51323c381e" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src ! jpegdec ! xvimagesink ：This pipeline shows the video captured from a webcam that delivers jpeg images.</mark></span></span></li></ol></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/39b9fac589dc4118be2c096987c4a171" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video4Linux (V4L for short) is a collection of </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">device drivers and an API</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> for supporting realtime video capture on Linux systems.[1] It supports many </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">USB webcams</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">, TV tuners, and related devices, standardizing their output, so programmers can easily add video support to their applications.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e1ff45db035e40b0b003b85402eecd9b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video4Linux is responsible for creating V4L2 device nodes aka a device file (</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">/dev/videoX, /dev/vbiX and /dev/radioX</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ) and tracking data from these nodes. The device node creation is handled by </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">V4L device drivers</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> using the video_device struct (v4l2-dev.h) and it can either be allocated dynamically or embedded in another larger struct.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9e98b6ceb4a54e9691da280e91e8a846" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Video4Linux was named after Video for Windows (which is sometimes abbreviated “V4W”), but is not technically related to it.[2][3]</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2d3468beff6148738a26dfd974a07353" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/675c3da8ca59464686092ef04530a25e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/e5da397605e14c9a83eb389b90437831"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 esp32-camera </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/532987b631584ad1ad0523e0ef1e7caa"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2 像素格式：YUV 和 RGB </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/642bdf3c18a341ecb4c5ab3696c9a3ed"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">3 RTSP 协议：Real-Time Streaming Protocol </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/9e221beb26c44ce5a4afb3c95fc0c5cd"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">4 Motion JPEG/webcam 和 HTTP Video Streaming </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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diff --git a/Rust15.html b/Rust15.html
index 3ee5fd3..cbfafba 100644
--- a/Rust15.html
+++ b/Rust15.html
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
       client.sendBinary((const char*)sBuffer, bytesIn);
     }
   }
-}</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/e495630646214496b6b448e359857840" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://diyi0t.com/i2s-sound-tutorial-for-esp32/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://diyi0t.com/i2s-sound-tutorial-for-esp32/</mark></a></span></span></p></div></article>
+}</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/e495630646214496b6b448e359857840" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://diyi0t.com/i2s-sound-tutorial-for-esp32/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://diyi0t.com/i2s-sound-tutorial-for-esp32/</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dce1e4417e7a4aefa8c84f0a0d493160" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/62a87d1ea4b74cdaad2d92f686a1019a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/609d73b80c684fbeb23fd76032cfb034"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 音频格式 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/9f6d1f9c15374a6d80615e2983f80670"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">总结： </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">wav </code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">文件不需要解码，可以直接读取 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">LPCM 编码数据</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ，然后通过 I2S 接口发送给功放芯片播放。</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/c1db010d2f604a02aec50cbf85f7ddfd"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2 I2S 接口和播放声音 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/7fa6c972d3e84186a4d9b5e2d3af47a3"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">3 记录声音 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/85c9cd5a09cd4f128ed0719dc894456c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div></article>
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diff --git a/Rust3.html b/Rust3.html
index dfa5177..7020930 100644
--- a/Rust3.html
+++ b/Rust3.html
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 Cache location                  Local disk: &quot;/Users/alizj/Library/Caches/Mozilla.sccache&quot;
 Use direct/preprocessor mode?   yes
 Version (client)                0.7.7
-Max cache size                       10 GiB</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/94523c2a94304dd99bdbc78cea3ce3e1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考:</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/7a3d6c3d844f45d287f2b5ff59730d4b" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/std-training"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-rs/std-trainning</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">: Embedded Rust Trainings for Espressif</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/55e48d4b02a04c54bb6f96791562ae10" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/ivmarkov/rust-esp32-std-demo%EF%BC%9A"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/ivmarkov/rust-esp32-std-demo%EF%BC%9A</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> Rust on ESP32 STD demo app</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/cce9d9cf48c4414b93768a2646cbea1c" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/series/esp32-std-embedded-rust%EF%BC%9A"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/series/esp32-std-embedded-rust%EF%BC%9A</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 强烈推荐。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/69b93ed656114465bb7ef98e45645212" class="NumberedList" value="4"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3</mark></a></span></span></li></ol></article>
+Max cache size                       10 GiB</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/94523c2a94304dd99bdbc78cea3ce3e1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考:</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/7a3d6c3d844f45d287f2b5ff59730d4b" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/std-training"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-rs/std-trainning</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">: Embedded Rust Trainings for Espressif</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/55e48d4b02a04c54bb6f96791562ae10" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/ivmarkov/rust-esp32-std-demo%EF%BC%9A"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/ivmarkov/rust-esp32-std-demo%EF%BC%9A</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> Rust on ESP32 STD demo app</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/cce9d9cf48c4414b93768a2646cbea1c" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/series/esp32-std-embedded-rust%EF%BC%9A"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/series/esp32-std-embedded-rust%EF%BC%9A</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 强烈推荐。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/69b93ed656114465bb7ef98e45645212" class="NumberedList" value="4"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/fcf4b2a6a1a64816b4c538ca0aae3415" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/4136c88ff13d487eb93ad82faebadc63" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/ccd95b333796404b85b472ab6a46c8e8"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对于 std 应用, 核心是使用 esp-idf-sys 和它绑定链接到的 C/C++ 库 esp-idf。</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/cb2b2b479ff24841b42b95c834da4dd8"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-rs/esp-idf-template</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 模板来创建 std 应用:</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/32020fd8821a4a4d9e0852a204bbec46"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">按需修改 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Cargo.toml</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">：</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/db9b662178504b609e66c7a0737ab6f4"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">修改 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">.cargo/config.toml</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 文件中的 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">ESP_IDF_VERSION</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 为最新版本，内容如下：</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/9662be3579fc44bd84b1dcceace26e5a"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">按需修改 esp-idf 的配置参数文件：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">sdkconfig.defaults</code></mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/a58d875ced0c441fb32f5a70fbef40ce"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">按需修改 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">rust-toolchain.toml</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> </mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/46a6fccd60a748048f18ea57639baacd"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">构建项目：</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/8885e11752484ec4a677b2f5adbb9a0a"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 为 Rust std 应用添加组件 component </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/e19eea356cf04bb9b882d5018fbb16eb"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2 配置 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-rs</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 项目的 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-idf-sys</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 参数 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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-  <article id="https://www.notion.so/c1a1977be6c34dbd952afcf3945a2a41" class="PageRoot PageRoot--FullWidth"><div id="https://www.notion.so/2a46249282e54c85a2beeddab08dc9e6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std 应用是 bare-metal 实现，不依赖 esp-idf 及其提供的 FreeRTOS 操作系统和 Rust std 标注库，而是使用 std 的一个子集 core 库，core 库不支持 heap 内存分配和线程。当前支持 HAL/WIFI/BLE/ESP-NOW/Backtrace/Storage 等。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d2374fed4c2e4fb6b32a5b86c27d047f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">不依赖于</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> C/C++ 开发的 esp-idf 及其提供的 FreeRTOS 操作系统环境，而是基于 esp-pacs/esp-hal 开发的 xtensa-esp32s3-none-elf 应用。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e72646a41d7d4d90b8135943ff77e9f6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-alloc crate 为 no_std 提供了 heap 内存分配的支持；例子：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/danclive/esp-examples/blob/main/alloc/src/main.rs"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-examples/alloc</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2fbfa51746ac4e63bf3f3a0971dc298a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/82e110cb38f1472fb1ec782eaf2adfaf" class="Image Image--Normal"><figure><a href="#?width=384"><img src="#?width=384" style="width:384px"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/fc7edc5c335047c6b2fe092a6c34c017" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std 相关的库：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/60b3d8eb186543b480713255bb755205" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-pacs</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Peripheral access crates，是根据处理的 SVD 描述文件生成的 Peripheral Access Crates (PACs) ，它是低级的处理器寄存器定义 unsafe 封装。理论上可以直接基于 esp-pacs 开发 no_std 应用，但是因为层次太低级，开发效率不高，所以一般使用 esp-hal 等高层封装来开发。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/6cb864fd472d49b28f3677568e2272d9" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-hal</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Hardware abstraction layer. async traits from the various packages in the </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">embedded-hal</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> repository.</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/f63a2df2efc440d39db37df2ca23e596" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">相比 esp-pacs crate，esp-hal 是高层次的封装，一般实现了 embedded-hal 和 async trait，底层基于 esp-pacs；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/5cd0de8171f84842abe0e5edea93d52b" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-hal 为 embassy 提供了实现，可以通过 embassy async task 来实现 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">并发任务</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/80a7a7bffcaa47d28b09a3b80447b286" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2024.03.08 发布的 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-hal/releases/tag/v0.16.0"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">0.16.0 版本</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">开始，将以前芯片相关的 esp32-hal, esp32c3-hal 等 crate 合并为一个单独的 esp-hal crate。使用时在 features 中指定 CPU 类型，如: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-hal = { version = &quot;0.17.0&quot;, features = [ &quot;esp32s3&quot; ] }</code></mark></span></span></li></ul></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/da67d793cfe44f0f869a04b19b6427c2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">说明：esp-pacs 和 esp-hal 是 no_std 应用开发的基础。</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/9d7b966b6b964072b0def55a82a038c5" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-wifi</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Wi-Fi, BLE and ESP-NOW support</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/62ebe26cce584dd59dd071e492065e3e" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-alloc</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Simple heap allocator</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. This allocator is built on top of the phil-opp/linked-list-allocator crate, which does most of the heavy lifting. While it’s often advisable to avoid allocations in such limited environments, there are scenarios when an allocator is still required and/or desirable.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/1d2a725c800e40d880ab50871fff8c7e" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-println</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">print!, println!</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. esp-println allows for printing over UART, USB Serial JTAG, or RTT without any required dependencies. 实现 log crate 的 trait，用于打印日志到串口；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/f5e918f3726e4b9fb5ed2e988ab2fe44" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-backtrace</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Exception and panic handlers. As the name implies, esp-backtrace </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">enables backtraces</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> in no_std applications. It additionally provides </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">a panic handler and exception handler</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> , both behind features. This crate makes debugging issues much easier.</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/6f7b2f76a01e40b18d9e2ebc46c13796" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">为了正确显示 panic 的行号和函数符号，需要确保在 release profile 中配置 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">debug = true</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 参数（dev profile 缺省是该值）。</mark></span></span></li></ul></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/595ad4b6c430443e929ca4c31e52659c" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-storage</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Embedded-storage traits to access unencrypted flash memory</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/2983e476565d462eac8b6b214b0bbdb7" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-ieee802154</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Low-level IEEE802.15.4 driver for the ESP32-C6 and ESP32-H2</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/96d651890fd14ff8affe8601863dde9d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-openthread</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : A bare-metal Thread implementation using esp-ieee802154</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/5e0d4555810843c4846caf02a7afd64d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这里的 thread 不是线程，而是一个为低功耗物联网（IEEE 802.15.4-2006 WPAN）设备设计的基于 IPv6 的网络协议。参考：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://openthread.io/guides/thread-primer?hl=zh-cn"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://openthread.io/guides/thread-primer?hl=zh-cn</mark></a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/913d1c69eedd42608d2c85933616558f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对比：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/1c1ebca9bf80409a8360f1edf96174b5" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">std 的 esp-idf-hal 实现了 embeded-hal 和 async trait，底层基于 C/C++ esp-idf；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e675adc740f54dc78ee15991e555030c" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std 的 esp-hal 实现了 embeded-hal 和 async trait，底层基于 esp-pacs；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/c5196f7d297d47569b6017ce402389ae" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/014ec3c1636f4e20b268b11cd75d1a29" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">其它开源的 no_std 库(embedded-* 是 Rust 嵌入式工作组或社区提供的 no_std 应用项目):</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/8cd9021f3af945ffbbe729d682b0c86a" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embedded-graphics: Embedded-graphics is a 2D graphics library that is focused on memory constrained embedded devices.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/bbf8668850a24c58b5ffb634a04e56eb" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embedded-layout: Simple layout/alignment functions</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/546df08ecbb6401295e23629ea93450b" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embedded-text: TextBox with text alignment options</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/a82069595c5b4e14b8a12b7dcec51cf0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embassy 是支持 async 的 no_std 库。</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/258234c496354614ad24a0cf4233e8cc" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embassy 为嵌入式 Rust 提供了一个 async task 的 embassy-executor 实现，有两种实现方式：</mark></span></span><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/de85a5b3f6184b89a0a0ef9927e60040" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">多线程模式：在 ESP32-S3 芯片上可以实现并发执行异步任务的多线程实现。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/6f9bd9f156c647f4bd8f9248876cd8c7" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">中断模式：如单核芯片上实现并发；</mark></span></span></li></ol></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/efdbc183907a4a438b0342443d8dbbdc" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">thread aware executor on multicore systems；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/579a14ceac55495cbedc997ac56b2c3d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">并发异步任务示例：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-hal/blob/main/examples/src/bin/embassy_multicore.rs"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-hal/blob/main/examples/src/bin/embassy_multicore.rs</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/20c3c6cfa56e46adb1037d22e44ace00" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embassy 开发举例：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.theembeddedrustacean.com/series/rust-embassy"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://blog.theembeddedrustacean.com/series/rust-embassy</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e383d3cde20c42e9b87cf42b44ca4c7d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3/tree/41efd9d1bbdf8d2e071332af610bae0515407d07/embassy_examples"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3/tree/41efd9d1bbdf8d2e071332af610bae0515407d07/embassy_examples</mark></a></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/6d762c5c5e3148c28a176b039325ad1f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用 esp-rs/esp-template 模板来快速创建 no_std 类型项目：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/5c31469d96274ce3974439c42200ee96" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">为了在 panic 时打印代码行和符号，需要在 release profile 中添加配置 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">debug = 2 # 2/full/true</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ：full debug info, 虽然二进制包含 debuginfo，但是烧写时会被去掉，并不会增加 flash app 体积。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/51e6f3acc7b84d26a62d5be4c14c8fbf" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/5211d71f1a7f4ebcab0b6b69caeadd68" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">创建一个 no_std Bare-Metal 项目, 自定义是否使用 WiFi/Bluetooth/ESP-NOW via the esp-wifi crate；</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f3307fbeb9af4fe49c1b901af2d12fae" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> </mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/7d5d6a4df0bc47ae86043d4ccb63aaa0" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/code/esp32$ cargo generate esp-rs/esp-template
+  <article id="https://www.notion.so/c1a1977be6c34dbd952afcf3945a2a41" class="PageRoot"><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/2a46249282e54c85a2beeddab08dc9e6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/2a46249282e54c85a2beeddab08dc9e6"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std 应用</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/130003ccda8643298a953d1abcbef330" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">
+no_std 应用是 bare-metal 实现，不依赖 esp-idf 及其提供的 FreeRTOS 操作系统和 Rust std 标注库，而是使用 std 的一个子集 core 库，core 库不支持 heap 内存分配和线程。当前支持 HAL/WIFI/BLE/ESP-NOW/Backtrace/Storage 等。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d2374fed4c2e4fb6b32a5b86c27d047f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">不依赖于</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> C/C++ 开发的 esp-idf 及其提供的 FreeRTOS 操作系统环境，而是基于 esp-pacs/esp-hal 开发的 xtensa-esp32s3-none-elf 应用。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e72646a41d7d4d90b8135943ff77e9f6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-alloc crate 为 no_std 提供了 heap 内存分配的支持；例子：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/danclive/esp-examples/blob/main/alloc/src/main.rs"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-examples/alloc</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2fbfa51746ac4e63bf3f3a0971dc298a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/82e110cb38f1472fb1ec782eaf2adfaf" class="Image Image--Normal"><figure><a href="#?width=384"><img src="#?width=384" style="width:384px"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/fc7edc5c335047c6b2fe092a6c34c017" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/fc7edc5c335047c6b2fe092a6c34c017"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std 相关的库：</mark></span></span></h3><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/60b3d8eb186543b480713255bb755205" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-pacs</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Peripheral access crates，是根据处理的 SVD 描述文件生成的 Peripheral Access Crates (PACs) ，它是低级的处理器寄存器定义 unsafe 封装。理论上可以直接基于 esp-pacs 开发 no_std 应用，但是因为层次太低级，开发效率不高，所以一般使用 esp-hal 等高层封装来开发。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/6cb864fd472d49b28f3677568e2272d9" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-hal</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Hardware abstraction layer. async traits from the various packages in the </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">embedded-hal</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> repository.</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/f63a2df2efc440d39db37df2ca23e596" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">相比 esp-pacs crate，esp-hal 是高层次的封装，一般实现了 embedded-hal 和 async trait，底层基于 esp-pacs；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/5cd0de8171f84842abe0e5edea93d52b" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-hal 为 embassy 提供了实现，可以通过 embassy async task 来实现 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">并发任务</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/80a7a7bffcaa47d28b09a3b80447b286" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2024.03.08 发布的 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-hal/releases/tag/v0.16.0"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">0.16.0 版本</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">开始，将以前芯片相关的 esp32-hal, esp32c3-hal 等 crate 合并为一个单独的 esp-hal crate。使用时在 features 中指定 CPU 类型，如: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-hal = { version = &quot;0.17.0&quot;, features = [ &quot;esp32s3&quot; ] }</code></mark></span></span></li></ul></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/da67d793cfe44f0f869a04b19b6427c2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">说明：esp-pacs 和 esp-hal 是 no_std 应用开发的基础。</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/9d7b966b6b964072b0def55a82a038c5" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-wifi</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Wi-Fi, BLE and ESP-NOW support</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/62ebe26cce584dd59dd071e492065e3e" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-alloc</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">Simple heap allocator</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. This allocator is built on top of the phil-opp/linked-list-allocator crate, which does most of the heavy lifting. While it’s often advisable to avoid allocations in such limited environments, there are scenarios when an allocator is still required and/or desirable.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/1d2a725c800e40d880ab50871fff8c7e" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-println</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">print!, println!</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. esp-println allows for printing over UART, USB Serial JTAG, or RTT without any required dependencies. 实现 log crate 的 trait，用于打印日志到串口；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/f5e918f3726e4b9fb5ed2e988ab2fe44" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-backtrace</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Exception and panic handlers. As the name implies, esp-backtrace </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">enables backtraces</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> in no_std applications. It additionally provides </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">a panic handler and exception handler</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> , both behind features. This crate makes debugging issues much easier.</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/6f7b2f76a01e40b18d9e2ebc46c13796" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">为了正确显示 panic 的行号和函数符号，需要确保在 release profile 中配置 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">debug = true</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 参数（dev profile 缺省是该值）。</mark></span></span></li></ul></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/595ad4b6c430443e929ca4c31e52659c" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-storage</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Embedded-storage traits to access unencrypted flash memory</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/2983e476565d462eac8b6b214b0bbdb7" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-ieee802154</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Low-level IEEE802.15.4 driver for the ESP32-C6 and ESP32-H2</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/96d651890fd14ff8affe8601863dde9d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-openthread</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : A bare-metal Thread implementation using esp-ieee802154</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/5e0d4555810843c4846caf02a7afd64d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这里的 thread 不是线程，而是一个为低功耗物联网（IEEE 802.15.4-2006 WPAN）设备设计的基于 IPv6 的网络协议。参考：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://openthread.io/guides/thread-primer?hl=zh-cn"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://openthread.io/guides/thread-primer?hl=zh-cn</mark></a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/913d1c69eedd42608d2c85933616558f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对比：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/1c1ebca9bf80409a8360f1edf96174b5" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">std 的 esp-idf-hal 实现了 embeded-hal 和 async trait，底层基于 C/C++ esp-idf；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e675adc740f54dc78ee15991e555030c" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std 的 esp-hal 实现了 embeded-hal 和 async trait，底层基于 esp-pacs；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/c5196f7d297d47569b6017ce402389ae" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/014ec3c1636f4e20b268b11cd75d1a29" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">其它开源的 no_std 库(embedded-* 是 Rust 嵌入式工作组或社区提供的 no_std 应用项目):</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/8cd9021f3af945ffbbe729d682b0c86a" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embedded-graphics: Embedded-graphics is a 2D graphics library that is focused on memory constrained embedded devices.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/bbf8668850a24c58b5ffb634a04e56eb" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embedded-layout: Simple layout/alignment functions</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/546df08ecbb6401295e23629ea93450b" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embedded-text: TextBox with text alignment options</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/a82069595c5b4e14b8a12b7dcec51cf0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embassy 是支持 async 的 no_std 库。</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/258234c496354614ad24a0cf4233e8cc" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embassy 为嵌入式 Rust 提供了一个 async task 的 embassy-executor 实现，有两种实现方式：</mark></span></span><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/de85a5b3f6184b89a0a0ef9927e60040" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">多线程模式：在 ESP32-S3 芯片上可以实现并发执行异步任务的多线程实现。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/6f9bd9f156c647f4bd8f9248876cd8c7" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">中断模式：如单核芯片上实现并发；</mark></span></span></li></ol></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/efdbc183907a4a438b0342443d8dbbdc" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">thread aware executor on multicore systems；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/579a14ceac55495cbedc997ac56b2c3d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">并发异步任务示例：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-hal/blob/main/examples/src/bin/embassy_multicore.rs"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-hal/blob/main/examples/src/bin/embassy_multicore.rs</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/20c3c6cfa56e46adb1037d22e44ace00" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embassy 开发举例：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.theembeddedrustacean.com/series/rust-embassy"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://blog.theembeddedrustacean.com/series/rust-embassy</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e383d3cde20c42e9b87cf42b44ca4c7d" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3/tree/41efd9d1bbdf8d2e071332af610bae0515407d07/embassy_examples"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3/tree/41efd9d1bbdf8d2e071332af610bae0515407d07/embassy_examples</mark></a></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/6d762c5c5e3148c28a176b039325ad1f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用 esp-rs/esp-template 模板来快速创建 no_std 类型项目：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/5c31469d96274ce3974439c42200ee96" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">为了在 panic 时打印代码行和符号，需要在 release profile 中添加配置 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">debug = 2 # 2/full/true</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ：full debug info, 虽然二进制包含 debuginfo，但是烧写时会被去掉，并不会增加 flash app 体积。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/51e6f3acc7b84d26a62d5be4c14c8fbf" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/5211d71f1a7f4ebcab0b6b69caeadd68" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">创建一个 no_std Bare-Metal 项目, 自定义是否使用 WiFi/Bluetooth/ESP-NOW via the esp-wifi crate；</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f3307fbeb9af4fe49c1b901af2d12fae" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> </mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/7d5d6a4df0bc47ae86043d4ccb63aaa0" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/code/esp32$ cargo generate esp-rs/esp-template
 
 # no_std 应用需要声明 no_std 和 no_main 宏，这样编译器才不会导入 std 库。
 # #![no_std] 告诉编译器不导入和链接 libstd 库。
@@ -336,7 +337,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 drwxr-xr-x   2 alizj   64  5  8 15:06 examples/
 drwxr-xr-x   5 alizj  160  5  9 12:21 incremental/
 -rwxr-xr-x   1 alizj 2.0M  5 10 15:27 myesp-nonstd*
--rw-r--r--   1 alizj  194  5  8 15:06 myesp-nonstd.d</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/3b3f9eb90ace4df7985ea028622e67c9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/7899ff96e93541a6927502ac62bbb003" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.esp-rs.org/no_std-training/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">官方文档：Embedded Rust (no_std) on Espressif</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/8ee54d577d574ddb85e41b9c71d583b9" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">官方 non_std 示例：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/no_std-training"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/no_std-training</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/5c0da0b2e8724008bd4348fe509600ba" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/series/esp32c3-embedded-rust-hal"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/series/esp32c3-embedded-rust-hal</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 强烈推荐。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/953296971c8e4a66b9864aaff63aad3b" class="NumberedList" value="4"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/25e4d2ebcc4f4d7cb14ce43c842e7602" class="NumberedList" value="5"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://beta7.io/posts/bare-metal-rust-on-esp32/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Bare-Metal Rust on ESP32: A Brief Overview</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/d73a39acb59a4726be200d6d027788c2" class="NumberedList" value="6"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/the-embedded-rust-esp-development-ecosystem"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/the-embedded-rust-esp-development-ecosystem</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/280c4094232945a3ae698f3c0fae8776" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/280c4094232945a3ae698f3c0fae8776"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 在 Rust no_std 应用中使用 defmt 日志框架 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-no-std-app/#%E5%9C%A8-rust-no-std-%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-defmt-%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%97%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/d1722a3044aa4f32a638490979f967c3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">defmt 是一种 no_std 应用的 logging framework，它将 ESP32 芯片中应用打印的日志延迟到 host server 上格式化，从而降低 ESP32 芯片应用的内存开销。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/84d913a2705742fa9f8d4b7db2e84c50" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ESP32 no_std book 的 defmt 例子：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.esp-rs.org/no_std-training/03_7_defmt.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://docs.esp-rs.org/no_std-training/03_7_defmt.html</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/beb12f908fcf43caaf27579f8031d08e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对于 ESP32 no_std 应用来说， </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-println, esp-backtrace and espflash/cargo-espflash provide mechanisms to use defmt</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> :</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/6bc7aab5c65f446599aae3d240464a5b" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash has support for different logging formats, one of them being defmt.</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/36741f9f9a2243eeb080efec434aeda3" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash requires framming bytes as when using defmt it also needs to print non-defmt messages, like the bootloader prints. It’s important to note that other defmt-enabled tools like probe-rs won’t be able to parse these messages due to the extra framing bytes. Uses </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">rzcobs encoding</code></mark></span></span></li></ul></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/c236d6a68472499da0d5b460b4e4fa3d" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-println has a defmt-espflash feature, which adds framming bytes so espflash knows that is a defmt message.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e7ee7736766b44f3a4d622ef14e022c6" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-backtrace has a defmt feature that </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">uses defmt logging</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> to print panic and exception handler messages.</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/11f055a04719401d8677087f4a74524e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">在代码里使用 defmt::println!() 等宏来打印日志。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9f5deeafd966465dbaa9683a6d64dfb0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">If you want to use any of the logging macros like info, debug</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/38a6d0622a6e4125a6db1c0d596a54ae" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Enable the log feature of esp-println</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/dbe631655a324e1f899db4423f71e584" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">When building the app, set DEFMT_LOG level.</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/21525bca0d534340bc3e53adc77b6eb1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">defmt-rtt：Transmit defmt log messages over the RTT (Real-Time Transfer) protocol </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/knurling-rs/defmt/tree/main/firmware/defmt-rtt"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/knurling-rs/defmt/tree/main/firmware/defmt-rtt</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f8f301355f1a4fad8aa2f119768d69f4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embassy 依赖于 defmt 和 defmt-rtt：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/6e71ce519e234990b15dea2f4265f706" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://embassy.dev/book/dev/project_structure.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://embassy.dev/book/dev/project_structure.html</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a8898c4aa3cb4e90b34358c47b3553b9" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://embassy.dev/book/dev/basic_application.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://embassy.dev/book/dev/basic_application.html</mark></a></span></span></li></ol></article>
+-rw-r--r--   1 alizj  194  5  8 15:06 myesp-nonstd.d</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/3b3f9eb90ace4df7985ea028622e67c9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/7899ff96e93541a6927502ac62bbb003" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.esp-rs.org/no_std-training/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">官方文档：Embedded Rust (no_std) on Espressif</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/8ee54d577d574ddb85e41b9c71d583b9" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">官方 non_std 示例：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/no_std-training"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/no_std-training</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/5c0da0b2e8724008bd4348fe509600ba" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/series/esp32c3-embedded-rust-hal"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/series/esp32c3-embedded-rust-hal</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 强烈推荐。</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/953296971c8e4a66b9864aaff63aad3b" class="NumberedList" value="4"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/apollolabsdev/ESP32C3</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/25e4d2ebcc4f4d7cb14ce43c842e7602" class="NumberedList" value="5"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://beta7.io/posts/bare-metal-rust-on-esp32/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Bare-Metal Rust on ESP32: A Brief Overview</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/d73a39acb59a4726be200d6d027788c2" class="NumberedList" value="6"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/the-embedded-rust-esp-development-ecosystem"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://apollolabsblog.hashnode.dev/the-embedded-rust-esp-development-ecosystem</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/280c4094232945a3ae698f3c0fae8776" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/280c4094232945a3ae698f3c0fae8776"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 在 Rust no_std 应用中使用 defmt 日志框架 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-no-std-app/#%E5%9C%A8-rust-no-std-%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-defmt-%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%97%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/d1722a3044aa4f32a638490979f967c3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">defmt 是一种 no_std 应用的 logging framework，它将 ESP32 芯片中应用打印的日志延迟到 host server 上格式化，从而降低 ESP32 芯片应用的内存开销。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/84d913a2705742fa9f8d4b7db2e84c50" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">ESP32 no_std book 的 defmt 例子：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://docs.esp-rs.org/no_std-training/03_7_defmt.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://docs.esp-rs.org/no_std-training/03_7_defmt.html</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/beb12f908fcf43caaf27579f8031d08e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对于 ESP32 no_std 应用来说， </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">esp-println, esp-backtrace and espflash/cargo-espflash provide mechanisms to use defmt</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> :</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/6bc7aab5c65f446599aae3d240464a5b" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash has support for different logging formats, one of them being defmt.</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/36741f9f9a2243eeb080efec434aeda3" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash requires framming bytes as when using defmt it also needs to print non-defmt messages, like the bootloader prints. It’s important to note that other defmt-enabled tools like probe-rs won’t be able to parse these messages due to the extra framing bytes. Uses </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">rzcobs encoding</code></mark></span></span></li></ul></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/c236d6a68472499da0d5b460b4e4fa3d" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-println has a defmt-espflash feature, which adds framming bytes so espflash knows that is a defmt message.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e7ee7736766b44f3a4d622ef14e022c6" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-backtrace has a defmt feature that </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">uses defmt logging</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> to print panic and exception handler messages.</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/11f055a04719401d8677087f4a74524e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">在代码里使用 defmt::println!() 等宏来打印日志。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9f5deeafd966465dbaa9683a6d64dfb0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">If you want to use any of the logging macros like info, debug</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/38a6d0622a6e4125a6db1c0d596a54ae" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Enable the log feature of esp-println</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/dbe631655a324e1f899db4423f71e584" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">When building the app, set DEFMT_LOG level.</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/21525bca0d534340bc3e53adc77b6eb1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">defmt-rtt：Transmit defmt log messages over the RTT (Real-Time Transfer) protocol </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/knurling-rs/defmt/tree/main/firmware/defmt-rtt"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/knurling-rs/defmt/tree/main/firmware/defmt-rtt</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f8f301355f1a4fad8aa2f119768d69f4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embassy 依赖于 defmt 和 defmt-rtt：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/6e71ce519e234990b15dea2f4265f706" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://embassy.dev/book/dev/project_structure.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://embassy.dev/book/dev/project_structure.html</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/a8898c4aa3cb4e90b34358c47b3553b9" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://embassy.dev/book/dev/basic_application.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://embassy.dev/book/dev/basic_application.html</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/d0486494cbc64c7995c6fc4d4d71135d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/184c14cb7424464f82758f8711292799" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/2a46249282e54c85a2beeddab08dc9e6"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std 应用</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/fc7edc5c335047c6b2fe092a6c34c017"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">no_std 相关的库：</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/2158faf7e1b54e6e9e5dff94441bc939"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">按需配置 Cargo.toml：</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/3e4d25f709674723ae85c9ebb7e8240d"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">按需配置 rust-toolchain.toml ：</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/99b4e557dca946f7b961efd9f7e2cdd8"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">按需配置 .cargo/config.toml ：</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/05c76299ac9344f8a8a9f3cc710089a8"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">构建和烧录：</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/280c4094232945a3ae698f3c0fae8776"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 在 Rust no_std 应用中使用 defmt 日志框架 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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-  <article id="https://www.notion.so/e50cb94726ac4ce7b5e7c07f27481b64" class="PageRoot"><div id="https://www.notion.so/d1671622e9de46e1a713da6e5bfe5a4c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rust-esp32 - 这篇文章属于一个选集。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/5d5a5ed8cfef4abeb33fc079c1216fb2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/install-esp-idf/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 1: 安装 ESP32 C 开发框架 esp-idf</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/87d44c08df3b42e18fddd4ee19cf3285" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-idf-dev/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 2: 使用 C 和 esp-idf 开发 ESP32 项目</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/07c4a2d9a37e4bbb9f52c691a8a029f0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/install-esp-rs/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 3: 安装 ESP32 Rust 开发工具链 esp-rs</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/bcd2491923e9471987ed1351f67d6d8a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-dev/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 4: 使用 Rust 开发 ESP32 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a85ee80a442b4d30a186ea1ad3d7377f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-std-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 5: 开发 Rust std 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e2300c99336541149a67cd174487aab1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-no-std-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 6: 开发 Rust no_std 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/831b9aa738274e19a0cb7bf14d85039c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-std-cmake-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 7: 开发 Rust/C/C++ cmake 混合应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/aa519b557e8040b0b518962a37e69e05" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 8: 本文</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1302fdaae34e43aea3346a510d2e3efc" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-dev-workspace/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 9: 配置 cargo workspace</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/03533fab010c4577a63527308db6faaa" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/espflash/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 10: 使用 cargo run 和 espflash 烧写固件</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1d4ce18c70314d45a1a26c4fff654551" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-firmware/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 11: 分析 ESP32 固件和分区表</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dbd3630be19a4b81b481e6172d65ba5b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/debug-rust-esp32/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 12: 使用 USB-JTAG/probe-rs 调试应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a6388d44843948a7bb339dbed217410d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 13: Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示中英文</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3f5b2e3c5035462481dbb5be5bf8ec2d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 14: Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示图片</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e3e8f5077fbb4d34b2c99d186690a398" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-touch/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 15: Rust 驱动 Touch - 触摸板</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7388119035bf40eeb589091f37241177" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 16: Rust 驱动 Camera - 采集和播放</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8b01f930708c4bccb9d37fe382c9f951" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-audio/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 17: Rust 驱动 Audio - 播放和录音</mark></a></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/dbd81b21b668417fb1bddd0aba4d27b7" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">在 esp-idf-template 生成的模板项目中执行 cargo build 报错:</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/7b5a0f31d62e41fc84eb27d025b925f5" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-idf-template/issues/165"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-idf-template/issues/165</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/dcfffed330944be0b35c90bd5d6a531a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/6234f343e2d7412a82259149c78345f6" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>  Using managed esp-idf repository: RemoteSdk { repo_url: None, git_ref: Tag(&quot;v5.1.2&quot;) }
+  <article id="https://www.notion.so/e50cb94726ac4ce7b5e7c07f27481b64" class="PageRoot"><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/dbd81b21b668417fb1bddd0aba4d27b7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/dbd81b21b668417fb1bddd0aba4d27b7"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">在 esp-idf-template 生成的模板项目中执行 cargo build 报错:</mark></span></span></h2><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/7b5a0f31d62e41fc84eb27d025b925f5" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-idf-template/issues/165"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/esp-idf-template/issues/165</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/dcfffed330944be0b35c90bd5d6a531a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/6234f343e2d7412a82259149c78345f6" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>  Using managed esp-idf repository: RemoteSdk { repo_url: None, git_ref: Tag(&quot;v5.1.2&quot;) }
   Using esp-idf v5.1.2 at &#x27;/Users/zhangjun/codes/esp32/esp-demo/.embuild/espressif/esp-idf/v5.1.2&#x27;
   ERROR: /Users/zhangjun/codes/esp32/esp-demo/.embuild/espressif/espidf.constraints.v5.1.txt doesn&#x27;t exist. Perhaps you&#x27;ve forgotten to run the install scripts. Please check the installation guide for more information.
   CMake Error at /Users/zhangjun/codes/esp32/esp-demo/.embuild/espressif/esp-idf/v5.1.2/tools/cmake/build.cmake:363 (message):
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
   command did not execute successfully, got: exit status: 1
 
   build script failed, must exit now
-  note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/76a2c569e3b349af8b8ab6df74c6a9ca" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">解决办法:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/00ad2f41d9d543a5bb0a1009aa4a6e86" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/c8df690c14664916a72e737c71d97164" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>cargo clean &amp;&amp; rm -rf .embuild &amp;&amp; cargo build</span></span></span></code></pre><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/5ebd3cd374d74a118c0626e28aba40aa" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">报错: Missing dependencies for SOCKS support.</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/0dddc5930d24457a9b4eccd81859466c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/0bc96966af7e4c5bbf7ba5fe8678f246" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>  来自 https://github.com/ThrowTheSwitch/Unity
+  note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/76a2c569e3b349af8b8ab6df74c6a9ca" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">解决办法:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/00ad2f41d9d543a5bb0a1009aa4a6e86" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/c8df690c14664916a72e737c71d97164" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>cargo clean &amp;&amp; rm -rf .embuild &amp;&amp; cargo build</span></span></span></code></pre><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/5ebd3cd374d74a118c0626e28aba40aa" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/5ebd3cd374d74a118c0626e28aba40aa"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">报错: Missing dependencies for SOCKS support.</mark></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/0dddc5930d24457a9b4eccd81859466c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/0bc96966af7e4c5bbf7ba5fe8678f246" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>  来自 https://github.com/ThrowTheSwitch/Unity
    * branch            7d2bf62b7e6afaf38153041a9d53c21aeeca9a25 -&gt; FETCH_HEAD
   ERROR: Could not install packages due to an OSError: Missing dependencies for SOCKS support.
 
@@ -270,13 +270,13 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 
   Caused by:
       command &#x27;env -u IDF_PYTHON_ENV_PATH -u MSYSTEM IDF_TOOLS_PATH=&quot;/Users/zhangjun/codes/esp32/esp-demo/.embuild/espressif&quot; &quot;python3&quot; &quot;/Users/zhangjun/codes/esp32/esp-demo/.embuild/espressif/esp-idf/v5.1.2/tools/idf_tools.py&quot; &quot;--idf-path&quot; &quot;/Users/zhangjun/codes/esp32/esp-demo/.embuild/espressif/esp-idf/v5.1.2&quot; &quot;--non-interactive&quot; &quot;install-python-env&quot;&#x27; exited with non-zero status code 1
-zj@a:~/codes/esp32/esp-demo$</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/a94672b3f7d549e7af52b981eeae88f1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">解决办法: 不使用 socks5 代理, 而是使用 https/http 代理:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/32e64c1d07014f408db4eb3fba1b294d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/c8462e2851624a39aa5e5d07ead460f7" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span># 将下列内容添加到 ~/esp/export.sh 和 ~/esp/export-esp.sh 中
+zj@a:~/codes/esp32/esp-demo$</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/a94672b3f7d549e7af52b981eeae88f1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">解决办法: 不使用 socks5 代理, 而是使用 https/http 代理:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/32e64c1d07014f408db4eb3fba1b294d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/c8462e2851624a39aa5e5d07ead460f7" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span># 将下列内容添加到 ~/esp/export.sh 和 ~/esp/export-esp.sh 中
 export all_proxy=&quot;http://192.168.3.2:1080&quot; ALL_PROXY=&quot;http://192.168.3.2:1080&quot;
 
 # 在 ~/.bashrc 中添加如下内容， 用于手动切换：
 alias enable_http_proxy=&#x27;export all_proxy=&quot;http://192.168.3.2:1080&quot; ALL_PROXY=&quot;http://192.168.3.2:1080&quot;&#x27;
 alias enable_socks_proxy=&#x27;export all_proxy=&quot;socks5h://192.168.3.2:1080&quot; ALL_PROXY=&quot;socks5h://192.168.3.2:1080&quot;&#x27;
-alias disable_proxy=&#x27;unset all_proxy ALL_PROXY&#x27;</span></span></span></code></pre><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/59eae7a1217b4426acc6977d1c77c815" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rust-analyzer 报错，不能正常解析和补全。</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/8b66361195214e938c8fb42bf89eec21" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">解决办法：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/173144ca77e941768c9c80081c27ebbd" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/62d6f0f2391940829b4f72eea59176b7" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/codes/esp32/esp-demo2/myesp$ cd
+alias disable_proxy=&#x27;unset all_proxy ALL_PROXY&#x27;</span></span></span></code></pre><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/1951903e30c24167976dff02972b65ac" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/1951903e30c24167976dff02972b65ac"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rust-analyzer 报错，不能正常解析和补全。</mark></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/8b66361195214e938c8fb42bf89eec21" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">解决办法：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/173144ca77e941768c9c80081c27ebbd" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/62d6f0f2391940829b4f72eea59176b7" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/codes/esp32/esp-demo2/myesp$ cd
 
 zj@a:~$ rustup component add rust-analyzer
 info: downloading component &#x27;rust-analyzer&#x27;
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 -rwxr-xr-x 1 zhangjun 6.6M  2  8 14:49 rustfmt*
 
 zj@a:~$ ln -sf ~/.rustup/toolchains/nightly-x86_64-apple-darwin/bin/rust-analyzer ~/.rustup/toolchains/esp/bin/rust-analyzer
-z</span></span></span></code></pre><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/c95692e81495463eb0c6d808b4ec4120" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">报错：warning: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="mailto:esp-idf-sys@0.34.1"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-idf-sys@0.34.1</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">: could not identify the root crate and `ESP_IDF_SYS_ROOT_CRATE` not specified。</mark></span></span><div id="https://www.notion.so/885410831593434498a876a63f764fcf" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这是因为同时 source 了 export.sh 和 export-esp.sh，当构建纯 Rust std/non_std 应用时，只需要 source export-esp.sh 即可。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d9276cf032804d70b3ffc2e4878d9519" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/05ce001c5fbc4dbfa43c78063ab2330d" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>   zj@a:~/code/esp32/std$ source ~/esp/esp-idf/v5.2.1/export.sh
+z</span></span></span></code></pre><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/c95692e81495463eb0c6d808b4ec4120" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/c95692e81495463eb0c6d808b4ec4120"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">报错：warning: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="mailto:esp-idf-sys@0.34.1">esp-idf-sys@0.34.1</a></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">: could not identify the root crate and `ESP_IDF_SYS_ROOT_CRATE` not specified。</mark></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/885410831593434498a876a63f764fcf" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这是因为同时 source 了 export.sh 和 export-esp.sh，当构建纯 Rust std/non_std 应用时，只需要 source export-esp.sh 即可。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d9276cf032804d70b3ffc2e4878d9519" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/05ce001c5fbc4dbfa43c78063ab2330d" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>   zj@a:~/code/esp32/std$ source ~/esp/esp-idf/v5.2.1/export.sh
    zj@a:~/code/esp32/std$ source ~/esp/export-esp.sh
 
    zj@a:~/code/esp32/std$ cargo build
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
      cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=ESP_IDF_TOOLS_INSTALL_DIR
      cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=ESP_IDF_SDKCONFIG
      cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=ESP_IDF_SDKCONFIG_DEFAULTS
-     cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=MCU</span></span></span></code></pre></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/e3aa50980c56439ab7d4c25eee349476" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rust-esp32 - 这篇文章属于一个选集。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/283e6eec78f0441cb5bbc4a783883321" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/install-esp-idf/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 1: 安装 ESP32 C 开发框架 esp-idf</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ba10b89693e24c419a79473b81c303d1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-idf-dev/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 2: 使用 C 和 esp-idf 开发 ESP32 项目</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0b27177c000f43aba27591882b5f3360" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/install-esp-rs/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 3: 安装 ESP32 Rust 开发工具链 esp-rs</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/aab770a0c03347098d03e9bd893c0b05" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-dev/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 4: 使用 Rust 开发 ESP32 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/36b49c9633cb406ea31890e5fc11de26" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-std-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 5: 开发 Rust std 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1a0618ce11b3474b9144345da7a1e13d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-no-std-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 6: 开发 Rust no_std 应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/51a9b3859e534408956fe3254b5cb1b9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-std-cmake-app/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 7: 开发 Rust/C/C++ cmake 混合应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/599a2b53957b497c8e193f85c4875326" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 8: 本文</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/715ce35e276e4bbcbabd04324b9a0b5c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-dev-workspace/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 9: 配置 cargo workspace</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7f00146b9b9f4786bcccc946f5f651b5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/espflash/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 10: 使用 cargo run 和 espflash 烧写固件</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/608a85cd3e9c4871ba7f23fe6844f0a8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-firmware/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 11: 分析 ESP32 固件和分区表</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/046727e4c377476b83740abfe26415be" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/debug-rust-esp32/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 12: 使用 USB-JTAG/probe-rs 调试应用</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/5ac45338374441b5aea933c905cb460c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 13: Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示中英文</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3223c2b652db4c6f9b7cc89a6a0b5db4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 14: Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示图片</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d62f0c87478b44869fe5c923fbf96661" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-touch/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 15: Rust 驱动 Touch - 触摸板</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c75e77ac979a4ad0b11a2ec8797609ca" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 16: Rust 驱动 Camera - 采集和播放</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1a370acd9cb64cdfa5f83c6fd4acec8f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-audio/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">§ 17: Rust 驱动 Audio - 播放和录音</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e6f0cda7fd09480587f41defcfeb7b3a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-audio/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust 驱动 Audio - 播放和录音</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/51aa2e99cf454984ae899e5aa37ab578" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-audio/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2024-08-28·6323 字</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/146f5c53e38d4720b8a99b66901cc2cd" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-audio/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust Esp32 Rust Esp32</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7114a323968f4606bde1fbab6007c508" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust 驱动 Camera - 采集和播放</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f62dca447da7419ea9d826726de562ef" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2024-08-28·7304 字</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/10332665adef4014bc9c0b33fb577d0e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-camera-streaming/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust Esp32 Rust Esp32</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/98eefa632a544a5fa10c1278cd72c3e1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示中英文</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/19d4a4609d104399a21617b989649c67" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2024-08-28·818 字</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e7049f7693414d958189491bb7854d6a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust Esp32 Rust Esp32</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f43de079359448afb15d36ef2b2bc4fb" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示图片</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/501c14815bd14c9f98c0f0760dacbc1f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2024-08-28·4232 字</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/99a9f69b00864072bb9559198263bc14" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-esp32-lcd-picture/"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Rust Esp32 Rust Esp32</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9556b34c9e174f379af03637a58bd1a2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/esp-rs-problems/#the-top"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">↑</mark></a></span></span></p></div></article>
+     cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=MCU</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/b92b6ddb06d443f590b317eb5bdec8b6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/b716e3cfb43140fd8c1edae65fe47b3e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/dbd81b21b668417fb1bddd0aba4d27b7"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">在 esp-idf-template 生成的模板项目中执行 cargo build 报错:</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/5ebd3cd374d74a118c0626e28aba40aa"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">报错: Missing dependencies for SOCKS support.</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/1951903e30c24167976dff02972b65ac"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">rust-analyzer 报错，不能正常解析和补全。</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/c95692e81495463eb0c6d808b4ec4120"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">报错：warning: </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">esp-idf-sys@0.34.1</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">: could not identify the root crate and `ESP_IDF_SYS_ROOT_CRATE` not specified。</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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-  <article id="https://www.notion.so/e3e099bee0f249f090161724c0cd9966" class="PageRoot"><div id="https://www.notion.so/d231649270c047c9aa0b9f013f36269d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash 是固件烧录和终端监视工具，基于 esptool.py.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/357487044b0a42db8954ee05d9f16b96" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/espflash/tree/main/espflash#installation"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/espflash/tree/main/espflash#installation</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/38d3996464b64a8db32d7ada2d155c15" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">cargo-espflash vs espflash: cargo-espflash 是作为 cargo 的一个子命令来运行的，如 cargo espflash, 它支持 cargo 的 –bin/–expample 参数来快速指定 bin 和 example binary 名称。而 espflash 是一个单独工具，需要指定 bin 文件的具体路径：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a377874ed0f6460b901f983a16528ef5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/743fbaefb96d45ebac8f86829763e88c" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>MCU=esp32c3 cargo espflash flash --target riscv32imc-esp-espidf --example ledc_simple --monitor
+  <article id="https://www.notion.so/e3e099bee0f249f090161724c0cd9966" class="PageRoot"><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/d231649270c047c9aa0b9f013f36269d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/d231649270c047c9aa0b9f013f36269d"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash 是固件烧录和终端监视工具，基于 esptool.py.</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/357487044b0a42db8954ee05d9f16b96" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">参考：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/espflash/tree/main/espflash#installation"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/espflash/tree/main/espflash#installation</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/38d3996464b64a8db32d7ada2d155c15" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">cargo-espflash vs espflash: cargo-espflash 是作为 cargo 的一个子命令来运行的，如 cargo espflash, 它支持 cargo 的 –bin/–expample 参数来快速指定 bin 和 example binary 名称。而 espflash 是一个单独工具，需要指定 bin 文件的具体路径：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a377874ed0f6460b901f983a16528ef5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/743fbaefb96d45ebac8f86829763e88c" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>MCU=esp32c3 cargo espflash flash --target riscv32imc-esp-espidf --example ledc_simple --monitor
 cargo espflash flash --example=blinky --monitor
 
 espflash flash target/debug/myapp --monitor</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/82fb24229d1d4d5a9004d6efdbdbb7db" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash 使用 USB 串口(linux: /dev/ttyUSB0, macOS: /dev/cu.*) 来烧录芯片的 Flash，它会检查项目的依赖是否包含 esp-idf-sys 来判断是那种类型的应用，然后 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">自动烧写不同的文件</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> ：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/18461c8d62754332ba6475bae501f58b" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对于 std 应用，会烧写三个文件：应用 binary，bootloader.bin，partition-table.bin；</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/0b8289a388574831a626580ee2cdcc52" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">bootloader.bin，partition-table.bin 是 esp-idf-sys build script 生成的。</mark></span></span></li></ul></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/d7a3a215928949a68dbfc304a1fe4fb0" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对于 no_std 应用，只烧写一个 elf 格式的应用 binary；</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/ef5ae8e64f5f4ba78ab26f21ad7d923e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/5a12f2af8cd4490bb9a951be7584f745" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/codes/esp32$ espflash --help
@@ -257,8 +257,8 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 Options:
   -h, --help     Print help
   -V, --version  Print version
-zj@a:~/codes/esp32$</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/f65b88f6ea0d4b52a42eee9d826324e0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">cargo run: 在项目的 .cargo/config.toml 中添加如下内容, 然后就可以执行 cargo run 来 flash 和 monitor 应用:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f107b78e3e53468ebcb69c24d56d2d60" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/9d2d523328e8434c990e1806e378dcb7" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>[target.&#x27;cfg(any(target_arch = &quot;riscv32&quot;, target_arch = &quot;xtensa&quot;))&#x27;]
-runner = &quot;espflash flash --baud=921600 --monitor&quot;</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/d01b9f3f60f74bf99661d762815d4643" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash 配置文件 espflash.toml:</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/a77c044d940e40c7b9953f3c8ed9fdf6" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">具体配置参数：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/espflash/blob/main/espflash/src/cli/config.rs#L77"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/espflash/blob/main/espflash/src/cli/config.rs#L77</mark></a></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/5fd04d8ce52d4b46a858e030cf8939c5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/7c4593af9e9147f891c7a61251ddc6a0" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>[connection]
+zj@a:~/codes/esp32$</span></span></span></code></pre><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/f65b88f6ea0d4b52a42eee9d826324e0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/f65b88f6ea0d4b52a42eee9d826324e0"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">cargo run: 在项目的 .cargo/config.toml 中添加如下内容, 然后就可以执行 cargo run 来 flash 和 monitor 应用:</mark></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/f107b78e3e53468ebcb69c24d56d2d60" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/9d2d523328e8434c990e1806e378dcb7" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>[target.&#x27;cfg(any(target_arch = &quot;riscv32&quot;, target_arch = &quot;xtensa&quot;))&#x27;]
+runner = &quot;espflash flash --baud=921600 --monitor&quot;</span></span></span></code></pre><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/d01b9f3f60f74bf99661d762815d4643" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/d01b9f3f60f74bf99661d762815d4643"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash 配置文件 espflash.toml:</mark></span></span></h3><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/a77c044d940e40c7b9953f3c8ed9fdf6" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">具体配置参数：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/esp-rs/espflash/blob/main/espflash/src/cli/config.rs#L77"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/esp-rs/espflash/blob/main/espflash/src/cli/config.rs#L77</mark></a></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/5fd04d8ce52d4b46a858e030cf8939c5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/7c4593af9e9147f891c7a61251ddc6a0" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>[connection]
 serial = &quot;/dev/ttyUSB0&quot;
 baudrate = 460800
 bootloader = &quot;path/to/custom/bootloader.bin&quot;
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 [flash]
 mode = &quot;qio&quot;
 size = &quot;8MB&quot;
-frequency = &quot;80MHz&quot;</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/5ac85eae871c486fa8931bfe60262180" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash.toml 文件位置:</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/4f7b924019454b1a9be7ace83147b63f" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">项目目录（Cargo.toml 所在目录）；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/ee75fe9c14874b45a9a68ee7a76b07d1" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">workspace 根目录；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/409e6a6134964608b59abfc52ccd11d2" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">$HOME/Library/Application Support/rs.esp.espflash/espflash.toml</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/ab32b6dbe42b40cebc7562827824c580" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">monitor 日志格式：espflash 的 flash 和 monitor 子命令支持 -L/–log-format 参数指定日志格式：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/762b3678d07047cea0d26d92d0e548f3" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">serial</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">: Default logging format</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/709ff1c5d3d74c94bb3d54482217ec33" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">defmt</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Uses [defmt] logging framework. With logging format, logging strings have framing bytes to indicate that they are defmt messages.</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/684b8201f66444b5ac607cc8619e4eeb" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">一般是在 no_std 应用中使用，需要和 esp-println crate 联合使用。</mark></span></span></li></ul></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/7dc81d1c20e8418dbfff2436e0d4e181" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Establishing a serial connection with the ESP32-S3 target device could be done using </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">USB-to-UART bridge</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> or </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">USB peripheral</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> supported in ESP32-S3. For the ESP32-S3, </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">the USB peripheral</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> is available, allowing you to flash the binaries </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">without the need for an external USB-to-UART bridge</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1be893ef87364afd92facd5118615ede" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">If you are flashing for the first time, you need to get the ESP32-S3 into </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">the download mode</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> manually. To do so, press and </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">hold the BOOT button and then press the RESET button once</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. After that release the BOOT button.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8cdc29ca3bf746af9daaf8d7bd17578f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">在线下载固件和烧写：esp-launchpad，它使用 USB-Serial-JTAG 接口， 例如在线下载和</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://espressif.github.io/esp-launchpad/?flashConfigURL=https://espressif.github.io/esp-box/launchpad.toml"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">烧写 esp-box 固件</mark></a></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/fcc95aaeeaed451facdded9e7ed9e842" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如果烧写了 USB-OTG 应用（如摄像头），则可能不能找到设备，这时可以按住 BOOT 按钮的同时按 RST 按钮将芯片至于 download 模式，这时芯片内 USB PHY 会连接 USB-Serial-JTAG Controller。</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/d7c68ddfdda3482893e5a21654bc12ef" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">probe-rs：embassy 使用 probe-rs 来烧写和调试：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/4aee22539d0f47a6a03cc22750f7fe43" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://embassy.dev/book/dev/getting_started.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://embassy.dev/book/dev/getting_started.html</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/0a62e74099f94210990ee0c31bbece3b" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://embassy.dev/book/dev/project_structure.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://embassy.dev/book/dev/project_structure.html</mark></a></span></span></li></ol></article>
+frequency = &quot;80MHz&quot;</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/5ac85eae871c486fa8931bfe60262180" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash.toml 文件位置:</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/4f7b924019454b1a9be7ace83147b63f" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">项目目录（Cargo.toml 所在目录）；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/ee75fe9c14874b45a9a68ee7a76b07d1" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">workspace 根目录；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/409e6a6134964608b59abfc52ccd11d2" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">$HOME/Library/Application Support/rs.esp.espflash/espflash.toml</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/ab32b6dbe42b40cebc7562827824c580" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">monitor 日志格式：espflash 的 flash 和 monitor 子命令支持 -L/–log-format 参数指定日志格式：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/762b3678d07047cea0d26d92d0e548f3" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">serial</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">: Default logging format</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/709ff1c5d3d74c94bb3d54482217ec33" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">defmt</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> : Uses [defmt] logging framework. With logging format, logging strings have framing bytes to indicate that they are defmt messages.</mark></span></span><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/684b8201f66444b5ac607cc8619e4eeb" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">一般是在 no_std 应用中使用，需要和 esp-println crate 联合使用。</mark></span></span></li></ul></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/7dc81d1c20e8418dbfff2436e0d4e181" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Establishing a serial connection with the ESP32-S3 target device could be done using </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">USB-to-UART bridge</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> or </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">USB peripheral</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> supported in ESP32-S3. For the ESP32-S3, </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">the USB peripheral</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> is available, allowing you to flash the binaries </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">without the need for an external USB-to-UART bridge</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1be893ef87364afd92facd5118615ede" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">If you are flashing for the first time, you need to get the ESP32-S3 into </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">the download mode</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> manually. To do so, press and </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">hold the BOOT button and then press the RESET button once</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. After that release the BOOT button.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8cdc29ca3bf746af9daaf8d7bd17578f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">在线下载固件和烧写：esp-launchpad，它使用 USB-Serial-JTAG 接口， 例如在线下载和</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://espressif.github.io/esp-launchpad/?flashConfigURL=https://espressif.github.io/esp-box/launchpad.toml"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">烧写 esp-box 固件</mark></a></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/fcc95aaeeaed451facdded9e7ed9e842" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如果烧写了 USB-OTG 应用（如摄像头），则可能不能找到设备，这时可以按住 BOOT 按钮的同时按 RST 按钮将芯片至于 download 模式，这时芯片内 USB PHY 会连接 USB-Serial-JTAG Controller。</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/d7c68ddfdda3482893e5a21654bc12ef" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">probe-rs：embassy 使用 probe-rs 来烧写和调试：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/4aee22539d0f47a6a03cc22750f7fe43" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://embassy.dev/book/dev/getting_started.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://embassy.dev/book/dev/getting_started.html</mark></a></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/0a62e74099f94210990ee0c31bbece3b" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://embassy.dev/book/dev/project_structure.html"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://embassy.dev/book/dev/project_structure.html</mark></a></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/4d3beefec0e44176921a7520352da397" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/a9a726cddcd9477d90a5d66704b12913" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d231649270c047c9aa0b9f013f36269d"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash 是固件烧录和终端监视工具，基于 esptool.py.</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/f65b88f6ea0d4b52a42eee9d826324e0"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">cargo run: 在项目的 .cargo/config.toml 中添加如下内容, 然后就可以执行 cargo run 来 flash 和 monitor 应用:</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d01b9f3f60f74bf99661d762815d4643"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">espflash 配置文件 espflash.toml:</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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diff --git a/Rust9.html b/Rust9.html
index 71d1ad4..932aefa 100644
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+++ b/Rust9.html
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
 parttool.py --port &quot;/dev/ttyUSB1&quot; write_partition --partition-name=factory --input &quot;factory.bin&quot;
 
 # Print the size of default boot partition
-parttool.py --port &quot;/dev/ttyUSB1&quot; get_partition_info --partition-boot-default --info size</span></span></span></code></pre></article>
+parttool.py --port &quot;/dev/ttyUSB1&quot; get_partition_info --partition-boot-default --info size</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/be7ebda351cb48ca99cd9467d8baa4c2" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/53252945b50441369847d0567c40b286" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/8ffb6de674b145058eee70ea0686027e"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 使用 esptool.py image_info 查看 app 固件内容 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/fd98cfb5f76f428586a1d0bce54bb3c1"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">2 分区表 </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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diff --git a/SVoc.html b/SVoc.html
index 2499c85..b7e7447 100644
--- a/SVoc.html
+++ b/SVoc.html
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
     </div>
     
   </header>
-  <article id="https://www.notion.so/a0d22a9ce26643a981ec5af5fd86e961" class="PageRoot PageRoot--FullWidth"><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/d848eb1257d3432994b8aa4238eb213d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/d848eb1257d3432994b8aa4238eb213d"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgBlue">关于人工合成语音&amp;人工合成视频的思考</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/ebf5f5b4ed494a779526d7b984998804" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/84ed7c99460041a1b15997f0061317f4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">最近被盗了QQ号,于是有了这篇文章，也是用来去科普一些关于</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">语音合成</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">，</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">图像合成</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">的一些知识。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/22fc66f588164d79bfe3c1e735fa30fa" class="Divider"></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/75f136dd495548788685ac5258c3f3f1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">先说一下关于</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">语音合成</strong></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/bdb975bbed4f4f869be7b90557ef8cc1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--BgGray Callout"><div class="Callout__Icon"><div class="Icon">💡</div></div><p class="Callout__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">语音合成是一种技术，可以将文本转换为语音。它被广泛应用在各种场景中，例如语音助手、自动售货机、电话客服等等。现在最先进的语音合成技术使用神经网络来生成语音，从而使其更接近自然人类语言。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7532b91ac73c44248e0bd37c7ab5b417" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">历史上，人类一直在探索如何将文字转化为语音，以便更加方便地传播信息。而随着科技的发展，语音合成技术也得到了极大的提升。从最初的机械式语音合成，到后来的数字化语音合成，再到现在的基于深度学习的语音合成技术，其发展速度可谓飞快。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/acada84e4db34492801e1297beb25081" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">现在的语音合成技术已经</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">非常成熟</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">，不仅可以模仿人类自然的语音表达方式，还可以通过模拟不同的说话风格、情感和语气来增强语音的表现力。此外，它还具备多语言支持和智能性，可以根据特定场景和用户需求进行定制和优化。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d991440d6a9d40b2b2893105cf675c4b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">由于这种技术的发展和应用，现在甚至可以使用语音合成技术代替文本阅读的全部工作，包括</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">电子书籍、新闻报道、商业文件、通知公告</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">等内容的朗读。这无疑会给人们的生活带来很大的便利和舒适。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/87c0dc2078b8478cb410dcac6c1e34d9" class="Divider"></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0669e30e0b99447cb6e067e1340958bb" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/6d64d34f5d8f4e7dbc4e420cf36e5935" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/6d64d34f5d8f4e7dbc4e420cf36e5935"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgYellow"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">关于语音合成的一些素材:</strong></mark></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/f3c46c7ec26b46fd978c3101d0de181d" class="ColumnList"><div id="https://www.notion.so/d13623289a5147d0a1ec5b57b807ec43" class="Column" style="width:calc((100% - var(--column-spacing) * 1) * 0.5)"><div id="https://www.notion.so/7d85eaac8903420495bc02f5bedba30a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">关于虚拟歌姬：</strong></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/96faa775a91243218520375d88f94649" class="Bookmark"><a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Yy4y1d7Cg"><h5 class="Bookmark__Title">【DiffSinger】《一半一半》开源引擎多说话人模型与声线融合技术展示_哔哩哔哩_bilibili</h5><p class="Bookmark__Desc">DiffSinger多说话人模型与声线融合技术现已开放！即日起与亲友伙伴相约，跟随开源教程与代码制作多人声库，即可享受由多人模型为每一位演唱者带来的共同增益，同时开启音色与声线自由融合的全新玩法；对于唱腔多变的专业演唱者，多人模型可实现任意种声线和唱法的自由融合与过渡，极大提高声库上限。视频中使用的模型在总量约12小时的opencpop、绮萱、夏叶子三人女声数据集上使用单张V100显卡训练320k, 视频播放量 100405、弹幕量 100、点赞数 6160、投硬币枚数 3368、收藏人数 6908、转发人数 1956, 视频作者 YQ之神, 作者简介 技术至上，自由至上，相关视频：【DiffSinger】《我多想说再见啊》开源引擎高音质歌声合成效果展示，ACE Studio 1.7.0 更新丨新模型、声线混合、10+新歌手、所有歌手中日英三语开放，《三分钟上手DiffSinger》系列 ｜基础篇，DiffSinger精标和mfa对比，效果太明显了！，【DiffSingerV2】 基础教程演示（一）前言，Diffsinger+openUTAU+RipX+AI歌姬，跟着教程一步步本地部署合成音频，新手不熟练，多多指教，【真·无参 高表现力 DiffSinger自动音高，让AI歌手真正实现自己唱歌！】不谓侠【挚彬说这是他欠粉丝的歌】，【枫聆月Lyria✧DiffSinger新声库试听】寻遍星空【内测开启+新形象『星熠』公开】【莳光旅客Project】，往阿梓音色里掺一点七海是什么效果？AI变声器音色融合效果展示，AI海梓翻唱《冬之花》，【DiffSinger声线动态融合】《左手指月》-开源歌手· [Opencpop+绮萱]</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Yy4y1d7Cg</p></a></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4af46130be3442a9ad815cd3ca79d91f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2b690ffb1bb64d2e9b6ea0fffa7e954b" class="Column" style="width:calc((100% - var(--column-spacing) * 1) * 0.5)"><div id="https://www.notion.so/402fd15ae6464ceb9674891b3949219c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">关于微软的语音合成</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3de3e54782864cdc87bd553771e5e3b7" class="Bookmark"><a href="https://azure.microsoft.com/zh-cn/products/cognitive-services/text-to-speech/#get-started"><h5 class="Bookmark__Title">文本转语音 – 真实 AI 语音生成器 | Microsoft Azure</h5><p class="Bookmark__Desc">构建使用 AI 语音生成器自然使用合成语音说话的应用和服务。通过文本阅读器和文本到语音转换吸引客户。</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://azure.microsoft.com/zh-cn/products/cognitive-services/text-to-speech/#get-started</p></a></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/947fe3a4626b4eb1b3724b8e5ee7dd22" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">关于对自己的音源采样训练出来的例子</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/114f7023d6904d29a010df00872c298e" class="Bookmark"><a href="https://www.bilibili.com/opus/753510943811436680?spm_id_from=333.999.list.card_opus.click"><h5 class="Bookmark__Title">赛博女友，完美变声，如今AI语音有多超乎想象?</h5><p class="Bookmark__Desc">首先感谢拉导赏识并向大众介绍DiffSinger项目，这个项目能有今天的成果是我的小伙伴们和我一起站在巨人的肩膀上努力的结果！ 不过我其实对于视频中体现的...</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://www.bilibili.com/opus/753510943811436680?spm_id_from=333.999.list.card_opus.click</p></a></div></div></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e0ab76a16ace462d8a454ff635d9ff7e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/79d7307ee9534821957b02be77d9ad41" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0e6321a8d96045349a7046f3270d576a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">当然，除了使用现有唱片和音频资源进行训练外，您还可以</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">采集自己的声音</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">，并将其用于模型训练。此外，您甚至可以保存已故亲人的声音，让他们的声音永存于世，并将其用于模型训练。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/cff5576be8bc431d805aab34e3f12b96" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">训练数据不仅限于</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">歌唱</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">和</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">说话</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">，您也可以使用它来学习其他语言。这使得该技术不仅在音乐产业中有用，也可以被应用于各种领域，如</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">语音识别</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">、</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">机器翻译</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">等等。无论用途如何，这项技术都为我们提供了一个强大而多功能的工具，可以更好地理解并处理声音数据。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/cc3d5c2d56e14cd3b9340053c9daf561" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a9442b78c1574e0cb98989c575f13ec9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">确实，如果这项技术被</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">不道德或恶意</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">的人滥用，后果将是</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">不堪设想</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">的。例如，</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">有些人可能利用它来伪造声音文件和视频，并制造虚假的证据</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">。这种滥用可能会导致</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">无辜者</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">受到指控或</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">损失信誉。</strong></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/922229696b9f42b0b794545e05b4ed98" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c559b01653fe45fba275abefc4b13135" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/cfc7911abe19406fad3c5746c5483391" class="Divider"></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/118ddaf7a324490ba5e6cbae6e29045e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/118ddaf7a324490ba5e6cbae6e29045e"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">QQ被盗如何解决</span></span></h3><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/9cacf3f702444dadb24c6b71308186b2" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgBlue"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">冻结账号</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">：如果您的QQ号被盗，第一时间要冻结账号以防止进一步的损失。可以通过微信登录QQ并在设置中进行账号冻结。</span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e6860b34ed8b48999d8a4693f1bf5766" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgBlue"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">广而告之</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">：及时告知您的朋友和联系人，让他们知道您的QQ号已经被盗。这样可以避免黑客利用您的身份进行诈骗等行为。</span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e34448f19a9b4a28872767f69e370476" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgBlue"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">总结经验</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">：在处理了QQ号被盗事件后，应该总结经验，思考如何加强账号保护措施，例如启用双重验证、不使用弱密码、定期更改密码等。</span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/3c80b782bfa540bab7c709a4642e7789" class="Divider"></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/1c079c54d3984e948c9c2ca5062fac30" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/1c079c54d3984e948c9c2ca5062fac30"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">关于图像合成</span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/ac5052225dd645ae960baf4cc8abc6a7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">图像合成技术在过去几年得到了长足的发展。这种技术通过将多个图像或视频片段组合在一起，以创建新的视觉效果。它可以用于各种应用程序，例如特效制作、虚拟现实和增强现实。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3a193343b2ed430fa0f55c0635299e37" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">图像合成技术的发展离不开人工智能和机器学习的进步。利用深度学习和计算机视觉技术，能够让计算机自动地学习如何识别和处理图像数据，并生成高质量的合成图像。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0a4d6dbe966f47d0a5c7c50e0adb3f43" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">目前，图像合成技术已经被广泛应用于影视制作、游戏开发、医疗成像等领域。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ef7d0beb61104df491ea1126538a582c" class="Divider"></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/95792f60c7344c08b86b8fd4e112af4b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">资源链接</strong></span></span></p></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/226bd4b68c4c4c4f841731b3a6beb16d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/226bd4b68c4c4c4f841731b3a6beb16d"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><em class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Italic"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">ACE Studio</strong></em></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/904b2befc9f04133a971af85ef10c719" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://ace-studio.timedomain.cn/">关于ACE_Studio-从多维度AI演唱参数到高质量的合成效果，我们使用毫不妥协的全流程AI技术，不断追求提升虚拟歌手的歌声自然度与表现力</a></strong></mark></span></span></p></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/30398df03a7045b49f685e4a358b27d6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/30398df03a7045b49f685e4a358b27d6"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><em class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Italic"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">SV</strong></em></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/6fd2ccab106b4893a261b6a06a072194" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://www.dreamtonics.com.cn/synthesizerv/">逼真无暇的歌声 弹指可得 顷刻呈现</a></strong></mark></span></span></p></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/c609d7222ee84f0291befbdeda96be73" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/c609d7222ee84f0291befbdeda96be73"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><em class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Italic">DiffSinger</em></strong></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/2ae4123f101d4f599886c456e5ebc0f8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://www.yuque.com/openvpi/tutorial">自制声库教程</a></strong></mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/993d96ad1dce48d186e35253b05286d1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/openvpi/DiffSinger">Github开源地址</a></strong></mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a5755abd614e4a25b0213f1c5958226b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div></article>
+  <article id="https://www.notion.so/a0d22a9ce26643a981ec5af5fd86e961" class="PageRoot PageRoot--FullWidth"><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/d848eb1257d3432994b8aa4238eb213d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/d848eb1257d3432994b8aa4238eb213d"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgBlue">关于人工合成语音&amp;人工合成视频的思考</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/ebf5f5b4ed494a779526d7b984998804" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/84ed7c99460041a1b15997f0061317f4" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">最近被盗了QQ号,于是有了这篇文章，也是用来去科普一些关于</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">语音合成</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">，</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">图像合成</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">的一些知识。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/22fc66f588164d79bfe3c1e735fa30fa" class="Divider"></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/75f136dd495548788685ac5258c3f3f1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">先说一下关于</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">语音合成</strong></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/bdb975bbed4f4f869be7b90557ef8cc1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--BgGray Callout"><div class="Callout__Icon"><div class="Icon">💡</div></div><p class="Callout__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">语音合成是一种技术，可以将文本转换为语音。它被广泛应用在各种场景中，例如语音助手、自动售货机、电话客服等等。现在最先进的语音合成技术使用神经网络来生成语音，从而使其更接近自然人类语言。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/7532b91ac73c44248e0bd37c7ab5b417" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">历史上，人类一直在探索如何将文字转化为语音，以便更加方便地传播信息。而随着科技的发展，语音合成技术也得到了极大的提升。从最初的机械式语音合成，到后来的数字化语音合成，再到现在的基于深度学习的语音合成技术，其发展速度可谓飞快。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/acada84e4db34492801e1297beb25081" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">现在的语音合成技术已经</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">非常成熟</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">，不仅可以模仿人类自然的语音表达方式，还可以通过模拟不同的说话风格、情感和语气来增强语音的表现力。此外，它还具备多语言支持和智能性，可以根据特定场景和用户需求进行定制和优化。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d991440d6a9d40b2b2893105cf675c4b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">由于这种技术的发展和应用，现在甚至可以使用语音合成技术代替文本阅读的全部工作，包括</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">电子书籍、新闻报道、商业文件、通知公告</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">等内容的朗读。这无疑会给人们的生活带来很大的便利和舒适。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/87c0dc2078b8478cb410dcac6c1e34d9" class="Divider"></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0669e30e0b99447cb6e067e1340958bb" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/6d64d34f5d8f4e7dbc4e420cf36e5935" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/6d64d34f5d8f4e7dbc4e420cf36e5935"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgYellow"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">关于语音合成的一些素材:</strong></mark></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/f3c46c7ec26b46fd978c3101d0de181d" class="ColumnList"><div id="https://www.notion.so/d13623289a5147d0a1ec5b57b807ec43" class="Column" style="width:calc((100% - var(--column-spacing) * 1) * 0.5)"><div id="https://www.notion.so/7d85eaac8903420495bc02f5bedba30a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">关于虚拟歌姬：</strong></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/96faa775a91243218520375d88f94649" class="Bookmark"><a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Yy4y1d7Cg"><h5 class="Bookmark__Title">【DiffSinger】《一半一半》开源引擎多说话人模型与声线融合技术展示_哔哩哔哩_bilibili</h5><p class="Bookmark__Desc">DiffSinger多说话人模型与声线融合技术现已开放！即日起与亲友伙伴相约，跟随开源教程与代码制作多人声库，即可享受由多人模型为每一位演唱者带来的共同增益，同时开启音色与声线自由融合的全新玩法；对于唱腔多变的专业演唱者，多人模型可实现任意种声线和唱法的自由融合与过渡，极大提高声库上限。视频中使用的模型在总量约12小时的opencpop、绮萱、夏叶子三人女声数据集上使用单张V100显卡训练320k, 视频播放量 100405、弹幕量 100、点赞数 6160、投硬币枚数 3368、收藏人数 6908、转发人数 1956, 视频作者 YQ之神, 作者简介 技术至上，自由至上，相关视频：【DiffSinger】《我多想说再见啊》开源引擎高音质歌声合成效果展示，ACE Studio 1.7.0 更新丨新模型、声线混合、10+新歌手、所有歌手中日英三语开放，《三分钟上手DiffSinger》系列 ｜基础篇，DiffSinger精标和mfa对比，效果太明显了！，【DiffSingerV2】 基础教程演示（一）前言，Diffsinger+openUTAU+RipX+AI歌姬，跟着教程一步步本地部署合成音频，新手不熟练，多多指教，【真·无参 高表现力 DiffSinger自动音高，让AI歌手真正实现自己唱歌！】不谓侠【挚彬说这是他欠粉丝的歌】，【枫聆月Lyria✧DiffSinger新声库试听】寻遍星空【内测开启+新形象『星熠』公开】【莳光旅客Project】，往阿梓音色里掺一点七海是什么效果？AI变声器音色融合效果展示，AI海梓翻唱《冬之花》，【DiffSinger声线动态融合】《左手指月》-开源歌手· [Opencpop+绮萱]</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Yy4y1d7Cg</p></a></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4af46130be3442a9ad815cd3ca79d91f" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2b690ffb1bb64d2e9b6ea0fffa7e954b" class="Column" style="width:calc((100% - var(--column-spacing) * 1) * 0.5)"><div id="https://www.notion.so/402fd15ae6464ceb9674891b3949219c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">关于微软的语音合成</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3de3e54782864cdc87bd553771e5e3b7" class="Bookmark"><a href="https://azure.microsoft.com/zh-cn/products/cognitive-services/text-to-speech/#get-started"><h5 class="Bookmark__Title">文本转语音 – 真实 AI 语音生成器 | Microsoft Azure</h5><p class="Bookmark__Desc">构建使用 AI 语音生成器自然使用合成语音说话的应用和服务。通过文本阅读器和文本到语音转换吸引客户。</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://azure.microsoft.com/zh-cn/products/cognitive-services/text-to-speech/#get-started</p></a></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/947fe3a4626b4eb1b3724b8e5ee7dd22" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">关于对自己的音源采样训练出来的例子</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/114f7023d6904d29a010df00872c298e" class="Bookmark"><a href="https://www.bilibili.com/opus/753510943811436680?spm_id_from=333.999.list.card_opus.click"><h5 class="Bookmark__Title">赛博女友，完美变声，如今AI语音有多超乎想象?</h5><p class="Bookmark__Desc">首先感谢拉导赏识并向大众介绍DiffSinger项目，这个项目能有今天的成果是我的小伙伴们和我一起站在巨人的肩膀上努力的结果！ 不过我其实对于视频中体现的...</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://www.bilibili.com/opus/753510943811436680?spm_id_from=333.999.list.card_opus.click</p></a></div></div></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e0ab76a16ace462d8a454ff635d9ff7e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/79d7307ee9534821957b02be77d9ad41" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0e6321a8d96045349a7046f3270d576a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">当然，除了使用现有唱片和音频资源进行训练外，您还可以</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">采集自己的声音</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">，并将其用于模型训练。此外，您甚至可以保存已故亲人的声音，让他们的声音永存于世，并将其用于模型训练。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/cff5576be8bc431d805aab34e3f12b96" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">训练数据不仅限于</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">歌唱</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">和</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">说话</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">，您也可以使用它来学习其他语言。这使得该技术不仅在音乐产业中有用，也可以被应用于各种领域，如</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">语音识别</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">、</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">机器翻译</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">等等。无论用途如何，这项技术都为我们提供了一个强大而多功能的工具，可以更好地理解并处理声音数据。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/cc3d5c2d56e14cd3b9340053c9daf561" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a9442b78c1574e0cb98989c575f13ec9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">确实，如果这项技术被</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">不道德或恶意</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">的人滥用，后果将是</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">不堪设想</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">的。例如，</span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">有些人可能利用它来伪造声音文件和视频，并制造虚假的证据</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">。这种滥用可能会导致</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">无辜者</strong></span><span class="SemanticString">受到指控或</span><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">损失信誉。</strong></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/922229696b9f42b0b794545e05b4ed98" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c559b01653fe45fba275abefc4b13135" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/cfc7911abe19406fad3c5746c5483391" class="Divider"></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/118ddaf7a324490ba5e6cbae6e29045e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/118ddaf7a324490ba5e6cbae6e29045e"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">QQ被盗如何解决</span></span></h3><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/9cacf3f702444dadb24c6b71308186b2" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgBlue"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">冻结账号</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">：如果您的QQ号被盗，第一时间要冻结账号以防止进一步的损失。可以通过微信登录QQ并在设置中进行账号冻结。</span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e6860b34ed8b48999d8a4693f1bf5766" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgBlue"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">广而告之</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">：及时告知您的朋友和联系人，让他们知道您的QQ号已经被盗。这样可以避免黑客利用您的身份进行诈骗等行为。</span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/e34448f19a9b4a28872767f69e370476" class="NumberedList" value="3"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgBlue"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">总结经验</strong></mark></span><span class="SemanticString">：在处理了QQ号被盗事件后，应该总结经验，思考如何加强账号保护措施，例如启用双重验证、不使用弱密码、定期更改密码等。</span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/3c80b782bfa540bab7c709a4642e7789" class="Divider"></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/1c079c54d3984e948c9c2ca5062fac30" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/1c079c54d3984e948c9c2ca5062fac30"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">关于图像合成</span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/ac5052225dd645ae960baf4cc8abc6a7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">图像合成技术在过去几年得到了长足的发展。这种技术通过将多个图像或视频片段组合在一起，以创建新的视觉效果。它可以用于各种应用程序，例如特效制作、虚拟现实和增强现实。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3a193343b2ed430fa0f55c0635299e37" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">图像合成技术的发展离不开人工智能和机器学习的进步。利用深度学习和计算机视觉技术，能够让计算机自动地学习如何识别和处理图像数据，并生成高质量的合成图像。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/0a4d6dbe966f47d0a5c7c50e0adb3f43" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">目前，图像合成技术已经被广泛应用于影视制作、游戏开发、医疗成像等领域。</span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/ef7d0beb61104df491ea1126538a582c" class="Divider"></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/95792f60c7344c08b86b8fd4e112af4b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">资源链接</strong></span></span></p></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/226bd4b68c4c4c4f841731b3a6beb16d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/226bd4b68c4c4c4f841731b3a6beb16d"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><em class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Italic"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">ACE Studio</strong></em></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/904b2befc9f04133a971af85ef10c719" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://ace-studio.timedomain.cn/">关于ACE_Studio-从多维度AI演唱参数到高质量的合成效果，我们使用毫不妥协的全流程AI技术，不断追求提升虚拟歌手的歌声自然度与表现力</a></strong></mark></span></span></p></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/30398df03a7045b49f685e4a358b27d6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/30398df03a7045b49f685e4a358b27d6"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><em class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Italic"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">SV</strong></em></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/6fd2ccab106b4893a261b6a06a072194" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://www.dreamtonics.com.cn/synthesizerv/">逼真无暇的歌声 弹指可得 顷刻呈现</a></strong></mark></span></span></p></div><h3 id="https://www.notion.so/c609d7222ee84f0291befbdeda96be73" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--3"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/c609d7222ee84f0291befbdeda96be73"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><em class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Italic">DiffSinger</em></strong></span></span></h3><div id="https://www.notion.so/2ae4123f101d4f599886c456e5ebc0f8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://www.yuque.com/openvpi/tutorial">自制声库教程</a></strong></mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/993d96ad1dce48d186e35253b05286d1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorRed"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/openvpi/DiffSinger">Github开源地址</a></strong></mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d5edb66e23e246e38c62c93cd95d563e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/75eb937585da4227a1f75669e37c0485" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d848eb1257d3432994b8aa4238eb213d"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgBlue">关于人工合成语音&amp;人工合成视频的思考</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/6d64d34f5d8f4e7dbc4e420cf36e5935"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedBg SemanticString__Fragment--BgYellow"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">关于语音合成的一些素材:</strong></mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/118ddaf7a324490ba5e6cbae6e29045e"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">QQ被盗如何解决</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/1c079c54d3984e948c9c2ca5062fac30"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">关于图像合成</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/226bd4b68c4c4c4f841731b3a6beb16d"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><em class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Italic"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">ACE Studio</strong></em></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/30398df03a7045b49f685e4a358b27d6"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><em class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Italic"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">SV</strong></em></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/c609d7222ee84f0291befbdeda96be73"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold"><em class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Italic">DiffSinger</em></strong></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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-  <article id="https://www.notion.so/1cf5cd041d2749828fe2470e539fe111" class="PageRoot"><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/b61b255ad48b49438e64bd8a88bbeeda" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/b61b255ad48b49438e64bd8a88bbeeda"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">说明</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/e9daceb2559c467cb221d080ac5aec0d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这一部分是使用E5订阅中的exchange服务，搭建一个企业邮箱（域名邮箱）。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/32945d5076f04c95b19c9be31d1406c7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">简单来说，你需要首先准备一个域名，例如adc.com，遵循此文，你可以得到一个XXX@abc.com的邮箱用于收发邮件，并可以设置转发规则，即发到以@abc.com结尾的任何邮件都可以被转发到你的邮箱中。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a417c7f721a14507ae758137b805df48" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">用途：比较有个性，用于注册验证等。</mark></span></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/47025f8631da4fa4a5ca9dd056e6ce90" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/47025f8631da4fa4a5ca9dd056e6ce90"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">设置自定义域</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/f5c1cbbd27bb42ff9aeaf082cb8a8d20" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">转到</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.microsoft.com/Adminportal/Home?source=applauncher#/Domains"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">管理后台</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">，登录E5管理员账号，如图，添加新域名</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/21693e708b5b494bbf7de39913c5f0b6" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1075f1a1c4db4826a73d423b750135e5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如果是使用cloudflare等DNS提供商，可以一键认证：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4cf2dff4608e4398994111f27af4d3f9" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f8eab9f7a44f42e9a68dae8638f5d604" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">按照指示继续添加TXT记录等。注意一个域名只能链接一个企业邮箱（当然你可以开二级域名）。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/641719a543ff420d850d6c69ea3ea11a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这样我们就有两个域名了：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/686f8c9adcc84e8187fe90faf26acf14" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/fb85c5c411b54787a2456b52fb9c72ae" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/fb85c5c411b54787a2456b52fb9c72ae"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">添加自定义域用户</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/1903972ed94c4a38b3d6ffbf77028c42" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">转到</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.microsoft.com/#/users"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">用户管理界面</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">，选择添加用户即可：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/73015dfa26ca42818bdc086f0ceafdcd" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/092ea37a85ea4e71834ef21ad560d5f8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">注意在 域 处，选择你刚才添加的域名：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/19e61bdf89a64062a4c172edd6c7e774" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3a0cddefda2f49d4a7663bf393806835" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">配置好后，在office.com可以直接登录。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d22601f9f7d24202800156fca2938c16" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/3014e66e80ae43cbac7dc3a1cb42793a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/3014e66e80ae43cbac7dc3a1cb42793a"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">设置Catch-all功能，实现无限别名收邮件</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/4c75d3cd4028409690e1fe4add4e8df3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">打开</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.exchange.microsoft.com/#/accepteddomains"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Exchange管理中心</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/617b23e9eaba49548d790cbf12a29f97" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如图，对于你的域名，设置Internal relay，这样exchange就会将所有邮件都纳入收件中。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/780cb591e39345549a82f08c5359c32d" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/91e52873c04e467bba328688b4d2c776" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对于个人而言，我们只需要将所有发送到此企业邮箱的邮件都转到自己邮箱就行。但是对于团队，我们并不希望将发给团队中其他人的邮件也转发一次。这里我们建立一个用户组，便于管理。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9d72ce53948b4bfc9ce2a39edefc3696" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">转到</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.exchange.microsoft.com/#/addgroupwizard"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">用户组管理</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c826178f00874633a68f5b283e814c4a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如图，添加动态用户组：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/233de37dc1dc4972a4c9f47d8de613db" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/60ca9297b7c04c00a405e92b18216861" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/22737bd4e8604f98af28627a14f5e564" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">转到</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.exchange.microsoft.com/#/transportrules"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">规则进行配置</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f9cacb3d74d54205988154002988e3b5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如图，对所有外部发件人应用，转发到我们的常用账户。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e2f48c33f5014a609060cfb124601fd2" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dca790d59af14115a8055dd8469cf54e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">开启高级选项，即可看到更多设置，在例外中，选择之前建立的小组：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/17d6dd713b2f4814996fe5ec7311cfc1" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/fba7c6a9a41a4a178ba21190ec398383" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">一个配置示例：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/976181765d8743009df382431f998743" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/73dc5596981b4811acc2464c52164284" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这样我们就完成了配置：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/da9b13e5646a46e89c5f9c49a29341e0" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/876b499829e74acbbac45da50ec879d9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">测试一下，注意我使用的是kerm@kermsite.com，但这里的收件人是test@kermsite.com。说明转发成功了。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e6d04c59ea9d4ea2ae43106a7013fe33" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div></article>
+  <article id="https://www.notion.so/1cf5cd041d2749828fe2470e539fe111" class="PageRoot"><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/b61b255ad48b49438e64bd8a88bbeeda" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/b61b255ad48b49438e64bd8a88bbeeda"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">说明</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/e9daceb2559c467cb221d080ac5aec0d" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这一部分是使用E5订阅中的exchange服务，搭建一个企业邮箱（域名邮箱）。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/32945d5076f04c95b19c9be31d1406c7" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">简单来说，你需要首先准备一个域名，例如adc.com，遵循此文，你可以得到一个XXX@abc.com的邮箱用于收发邮件，并可以设置转发规则，即发到以@abc.com结尾的任何邮件都可以被转发到你的邮箱中。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/a417c7f721a14507ae758137b805df48" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">用途：比较有个性，用于注册验证等。</mark></span></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/47025f8631da4fa4a5ca9dd056e6ce90" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/47025f8631da4fa4a5ca9dd056e6ce90"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">设置自定义域</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/f5c1cbbd27bb42ff9aeaf082cb8a8d20" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">转到</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.microsoft.com/Adminportal/Home?source=applauncher#/Domains"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">管理后台</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">，登录E5管理员账号，如图，添加新域名</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/21693e708b5b494bbf7de39913c5f0b6" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/1075f1a1c4db4826a73d423b750135e5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如果是使用cloudflare等DNS提供商，可以一键认证：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4cf2dff4608e4398994111f27af4d3f9" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f8eab9f7a44f42e9a68dae8638f5d604" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">按照指示继续添加TXT记录等。注意一个域名只能链接一个企业邮箱（当然你可以开二级域名）。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/641719a543ff420d850d6c69ea3ea11a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这样我们就有两个域名了：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/686f8c9adcc84e8187fe90faf26acf14" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/fb85c5c411b54787a2456b52fb9c72ae" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/fb85c5c411b54787a2456b52fb9c72ae"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">添加自定义域用户</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/1903972ed94c4a38b3d6ffbf77028c42" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">转到</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.microsoft.com/#/users"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">用户管理界面</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">，选择添加用户即可：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/73015dfa26ca42818bdc086f0ceafdcd" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/092ea37a85ea4e71834ef21ad560d5f8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">注意在 域 处，选择你刚才添加的域名：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/19e61bdf89a64062a4c172edd6c7e774" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/3a0cddefda2f49d4a7663bf393806835" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">配置好后，在office.com可以直接登录。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d22601f9f7d24202800156fca2938c16" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/3014e66e80ae43cbac7dc3a1cb42793a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/3014e66e80ae43cbac7dc3a1cb42793a"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">设置Catch-all功能，实现无限别名收邮件</mark></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/4c75d3cd4028409690e1fe4add4e8df3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">打开</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.exchange.microsoft.com/#/accepteddomains"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Exchange管理中心</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/617b23e9eaba49548d790cbf12a29f97" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如图，对于你的域名，设置Internal relay，这样exchange就会将所有邮件都纳入收件中。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/780cb591e39345549a82f08c5359c32d" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/91e52873c04e467bba328688b4d2c776" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对于个人而言，我们只需要将所有发送到此企业邮箱的邮件都转到自己邮箱就行。但是对于团队，我们并不希望将发给团队中其他人的邮件也转发一次。这里我们建立一个用户组，便于管理。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9d72ce53948b4bfc9ce2a39edefc3696" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">转到</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.exchange.microsoft.com/#/addgroupwizard"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">用户组管理</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/c826178f00874633a68f5b283e814c4a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如图，添加动态用户组：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/233de37dc1dc4972a4c9f47d8de613db" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/60ca9297b7c04c00a405e92b18216861" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/22737bd4e8604f98af28627a14f5e564" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">转到</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://admin.exchange.microsoft.com/#/transportrules"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">规则进行配置</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/f9cacb3d74d54205988154002988e3b5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">如图，对所有外部发件人应用，转发到我们的常用账户。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e2f48c33f5014a609060cfb124601fd2" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/dca790d59af14115a8055dd8469cf54e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">开启高级选项，即可看到更多设置，在例外中，选择之前建立的小组：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/17d6dd713b2f4814996fe5ec7311cfc1" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/fba7c6a9a41a4a178ba21190ec398383" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">一个配置示例：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/976181765d8743009df382431f998743" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/73dc5596981b4811acc2464c52164284" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">这样我们就完成了配置：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/da9b13e5646a46e89c5f9c49a29341e0" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/876b499829e74acbbac45da50ec879d9" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">测试一下，注意我使用的是kerm@kermsite.com，但这里的收件人是test@kermsite.com。说明转发成功了。</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/e6d04c59ea9d4ea2ae43106a7013fe33" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="#?width=731"><img src="#?width=731" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/2318f75209fd46f0a0d61ba4b7d1cb35" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/1bc9361692b744db93fcf623712e7db3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/b61b255ad48b49438e64bd8a88bbeeda"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">说明</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/47025f8631da4fa4a5ca9dd056e6ce90"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">设置自定义域</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/fb85c5c411b54787a2456b52fb9c72ae"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">添加自定义域用户</mark></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/3014e66e80ae43cbac7dc3a1cb42793a"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">设置Catch-all功能，实现无限别名收邮件</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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--- a/index.html
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@@ -230,6 +230,62 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
   </header>
   <article class="ArticleList">
   
+  <article class="Article">
+    <h3 class="Article__Title">
+      
+      <a href="Rust4.html">
+        开发 Rust no_std 应用
+      </a>
+    </h3>
+    
+    <div class="DateTagBar">
+      
+      <span class="DateTagBar__Item DateTagBar__Date">Posted on Mon, Sep 2, 2024</span>
+      
+      
+      <span class="DateTagBar__Item DateTagBar__Tag DateTagBar__Tag--purple">
+        <a href="tag/Rust.html">
+          Rust
+        </a>
+      </span>
+      
+      <span class="DateTagBar__Item DateTagBar__Tag DateTagBar__Tag--red">
+        <a href="tag/单片机.html">
+          单片机
+        </a>
+      </span>
+      
+    </div>
+  </article>
+  
+  <article class="Article">
+    <h3 class="Article__Title">
+      
+      <a href="Rust3.html">
+        开发 Rust std 应用
+      </a>
+    </h3>
+    
+    <div class="DateTagBar">
+      
+      <span class="DateTagBar__Item DateTagBar__Date">Posted on Mon, Sep 2, 2024</span>
+      
+      
+      <span class="DateTagBar__Item DateTagBar__Tag DateTagBar__Tag--purple">
+        <a href="tag/Rust.html">
+          Rust
+        </a>
+      </span>
+      
+      <span class="DateTagBar__Item DateTagBar__Tag DateTagBar__Tag--red">
+        <a href="tag/单片机.html">
+          单片机
+        </a>
+      </span>
+      
+    </div>
+  </article>
+  
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diff --git a/timeline.html b/timeline.html
index b5dfc00..04a38c2 100644
--- a/timeline.html
+++ b/timeline.html
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ <h1 class="Header__Title">
   <span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>;
 <span class="token punctuation">}</span>)(<span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span>)</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/36473e7f479e4f53b09c741cd902c6d1" class="Image Image--PageWidth"><figure><a href="https://www.notion.so/signed/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2F64aa22e9-0197-4842-9162-b3bb3494db5f%2Fdf90e2eb-5641-45af-a7a6-ed5762d73970%2FUntitled.png?width=2232&amp;table=block&amp;id=36473e7f-479e-4f53-b09c-741cd902c6d1"><img src="https://www.notion.so/signed/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2F64aa22e9-0197-4842-9162-b3bb3494db5f%2Fdf90e2eb-5641-45af-a7a6-ed5762d73970%2FUntitled.png?width=2232&amp;table=block&amp;id=36473e7f-479e-4f53-b09c-741cd902c6d1" style="width:100%"/></a><figcaption><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></figcaption></figure></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/991cf970abbb44ab901fb7c8d52187a6" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/d367240f635b40d48c743e7e48d1a987" class="Bookmark"><a href="https://wavedrom.com/tutorial.html"><h5 class="Bookmark__Title">Hitchhiker&#x27;s Guide to the WaveDrom</h5><p class="Bookmark__Desc">head/
 foot text has all properties of SVG text. Standard SVG
-tspan attributes can be used to modify default properties of text. JsonML markup language used to represent SVG text content. Several predefined styles can be used and intermixed:</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://wavedrom.com/tutorial.html</p></a></div></article>
+tspan attributes can be used to modify default properties of text. JsonML markup language used to represent SVG text content. Several predefined styles can be used and intermixed:</p><p class="Bookmark__Link">https://wavedrom.com/tutorial.html</p></a></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/446a3b0d9ce94a9f84fdcff03a8905ee" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/c2f8ff4217f84981b26f63ad8b0ac29e" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/920fb4d48c2740a6bf5cb2e548205370"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">缘由</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/ff243c1359a14dd7b1b8d0ea1383e38a"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">信号的不同种类</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/e9c64ef1693f4b7b8de2a6e8d2d8809c"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">时钟线的不同形式</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d4b6a1fae6b04355b3344661aaaca9a9"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">文字镶嵌</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/51f2094c58a848b7a3ebf7ce44946d63"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">截断中间不必要的部分</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/ded9ae3c752a4c15a357dd797d8a5849"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">对于文字的标注</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d92612df8586475698120d3144ecfa0c"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">周期和相位的调整</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/9b8341f7eb8040549bb52e4556679d5e"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">个性化的特别参数</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/0518ea06844d4c21be18a2bb4f53cb6f"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">config:{...}</strong></code></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/58011a3721ea4bffb80b17374267793f"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">箭头指向</span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/8e38616a5263446cbcb9b43ac8f1c30c"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><strong class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Bold">Sharp lines</strong></span></span></div></a></li><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/4fa3d5bb9d3e491f95ab5666b8a7a0c7"><div style="margin-left:24px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString">可以镶嵌函数代替</span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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