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Rust11.html
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<h1 class="Header__Title">Rust 驱动 LCD - 显示中英文</h1>
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<article id="https://www.notion.so/dbcba38fca724a89b970305b0b39f3b3" class="PageRoot PageRoot--FullWidth"><div id="https://www.notion.so/11916030c8214641ae9d82a00ba8f20b" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embedded-graphics 支持 BDF 和 MonoFont 字体:</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/624f15fe41a54c3d8e36499509228273" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">优先选择 BDF 字体, 特别是是中英文混合显示场景, MonoFont 由于中英文等宽, 会导致英文字体显示间距过大.</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/6b405d15ebb6489d984a7464e7d5944c" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">优先选择 embedded-graphics/bdf 方案.</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/88871e05264c4df9b03503d0ed3b13a0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">The draw method for text drawables returns </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"><code class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Code">the position of the next character</code></mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">. This can be used to combine text with different character styles on a single line of text.</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/9cb5bd3fcd624eb881c3ba2d87c8f253" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/150aff9596284256bb447246666383f0" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>// https://docs.rs/embedded-graphics/latest/embedded_graphics/text/index.html#examples
// Create a small and a large character style.
let small_style = MonoTextStyle::new(&FONT_6X10, Rgb565::WHITE);
let large_style = MonoTextStyle::new(&FONT_10X20, Rgb565::WHITE);
// Draw the first text at (20, 30) using the small character style.
let next = Text::new("small ", Point::new(20, 30), small_style).draw(&mut display)?;
// Draw the second text after the first text using the large character style.
let next = Text::new("large", next, large_style).draw(&mut display)?;</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/b559651413cd4607af966f9adfe71cc0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">字体参考：</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/olikraus/u8g2"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/olikraus/u8g2</mark></a></span></span></p></div><h2 id="https://www.notion.so/d3b4f566a7b344eeb45fd7875ab6cc34" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Heading Heading--2"><a class="Anchor" href="#https://www.notion.so/d3b4f566a7b344eeb45fd7875ab6cc34"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 embedded-graphics/bdf </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://blog.opsnull.com/rust-embedded/rust-lcd-cjk-font/#embedded-graphics-bdf"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></a></span></span></h2><div id="https://www.notion.so/f47a4a0eface4b86b01f69c4b5b46a9c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/embedded-graphics/bdf/tree/master"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">https://github.com/embedded-graphics/bdf/tree/master</mark></a></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/91306c974cc64ed49c682e2c40df7b1c" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">该库可以从 bdf 字体文件中生成 embedded-graphics 能使用的：</mark></span></span></p></div><ol class="NumberedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/4d52d42516114ad1b1dab19de4824f10" class="NumberedList" value="1"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">BDF Font：需要配合使用</mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><a class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--Link" href="https://github.com/embedded-graphics/bdf/blob/master/eg-bdf/src/text.rs"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">embedded-graphics/bdf/eg-bdf</mark></a></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault"> 库中提供的 BdfFont/BdfGlyph/BdfTextStyle 类型；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/7d7b2a19c4a14eca9891c79f764be8bb" class="NumberedList" value="2"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">MonoFont：embedded-graphics 可以直接导入使用；</mark></span></span></li></ol><div id="https://www.notion.so/4999d12139ed4fe5bb697ace32e2edc3" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">先使用 otf2bdf 工具将 TTF（truetype font） 字体转换为 BDF（Bitmap Distribution Format） 类型：</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/fb24427e575f43fab63d7a8e66f4f47a" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">对于 X11 使用的 pcf 字体格式，使用 pcf2bdf 工具将它转换为 bdf 格式；</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/887796512e774514bdb931b159849ce0" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">转换时 -p 参数指定生成的 BDF 字体大小;</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/ede362b822a6418cb512c50cfb3c6727" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">Copy</mark></span></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/2ed5c489cad9448b93248388472c8176" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>brew <span class="token function">install</span> otf2bdf
otf2bdf <span class="token parameter variable">-p</span> <span class="token number">12</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-r</span> <span class="token number">75</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> LXGWWenKai_Regular.bdf ~/Library/Fonts/LXGWWenKai-Regular.ttf</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/204ad25e5c2f4afd920dbf4fde7bdd8a" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">然后使用 eg-font-converter lib 来生成 BDF 或 MonoFont 字体:</mark></span></span></p></div><ul class="BulletedListWrapper"><li id="https://www.notion.so/fb12f3ec9c8a40a3b26e34a179944817" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">两者都至少包含 2 个文件: bitmap data 文件(.data) 和需要 include!() 到引用的 rs 文件;</mark></span></span></li><li id="https://www.notion.so/b78364a8f8624bfaac815fc25c9fee97" class="BulletedList"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">MonoFont 的 bitmap 文件是从 png 图片生成的, 故 MonoFont 还会生成 png 文件;</mark></span></span></li></ul><div id="https://www.notion.so/a71c4d6fa2c64c0c883e0a3a0d389ec5" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">生成 BDF 字体示例:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/8952ff2452054769a759b85ab0e96309" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/4eb44ab08c28478ba8a9ac8ffb153ec1" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>// /Users/zhangjun/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter/src/bin/my-bdf-font.rs
zj@a:~/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter$ mkdir output
zj@a:~/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter$ ls
Cargo.lock Cargo.toml output/ src/ tests/
zj@a:~/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter$ cat src/bin/my-bdf-font.rs
use eg_font_converter::{FontConverter};
// 中文 unicode 字体范围: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CJK_Unified_Ideographs_(Unicode_block)
// 使用 .glyphs() 来指定要生成的字符范围
fn main() {
let font = FontConverter::new("/Users/zhangjun/docs/LXGWWenKai_Regular.bdf", "BDF_LXGWWenKai_Regular_FONT")
//.glyphs('a'..='z')
.glyphs('\u{0000}'..='\u{007F}') // ASCII
.glyphs('\u{4E00}'..='\u{9FFF}') // 常用中文字体范围
.glyphs('\u{2E80}'..='\u{2EF3}') // 常见繁体字范围
.missing_glyph_substitute('?') // 替代字符
.convert_eg_bdf()
.unwrap();
font.save("output/").unwrap(); // 结果写入 output 目录下, 存入 new(bdf_file, name) 的 小写 name.rs 文件中.
}
// 运行该程序
zj@a:~/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter$ cargo run --bin my-bdf-font
Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.32s
Running `/Users/zhangjun/codes/rust/bdf/target/debug/my-bdf-font`
zj@a:~/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter$ ls output/
bdf_lxgwwenkai_regular_font.data bdf_lxgwwenkai_regular_font.rs
zj@a:~/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter$ ls -l output/
total 4.7M
-rw-r--r-- 1 zhangjun 310K 2 17 15:34 bdf_lxgwwenkai_regular_font.data
-rw-r--r-- 1 zhangjun 4.4M 2 17 15:34 bdf_lxgwwenkai_regular_font.rs
zj@a:~/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter$ head -20 output/bdf_lxgwwenkai_regular_font.rs
const BDF_LXGWWenKai_Regular_FONT: ::eg_bdf::BdfFont = {
const fn rect(
x: i32,
y: i32,
width: u32,
height: u32,
) -> ::embedded_graphics::primitives::Rectangle {
::embedded_graphics::primitives::Rectangle::new(
::embedded_graphics::geometry::Point::new(x, y),
::embedded_graphics::geometry::Size::new(width, height),
)
}
::eg_bdf::BdfFont {
data: include_bytes!("bdf_lxgwwenkai_regular_font.data"),
replacement_character: 63usize,
ascent: 12u32,
descent: 3u32,
glyphs: &[
BdfGlyph {
character: '\0',
zj@a:~/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter$</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/89e23368deca4883b07182c9dc655871" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">使用：</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/b918bed455d9441f955b4d43d030f8f0" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/1616bd3cfe794905aa8ab5982252bcaa" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>zj@a:~/codes/rust/bdf/eg-font-converter$ <span class="token function">cp</span> output/bdf_lxgwwenkai_regular_font.* ~/codes/esp32/st7735-lcd-examples/esp32c3-examples/src/
<span class="token comment"># 添加本地依赖</span>
gzj@a:~/codes/esp32/st7735-lcd-examples/esp32c3-examples$ <span class="token function">grep</span> eg Cargo.toml
eg-bdf <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> path <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"../../../rust/bdf/eg-bdf/"</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> // clone https://github.com/embedded-graphics/bdf 的本地目录</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/c394109839244ef5ad46a51aaca3cbfe" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">代码举例:</mark></span></span></p></div><div id="https://www.notion.so/4b0ae2e95c0045758d650327508806a1" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><pre id="https://www.notion.so/79204b465ea2422abc1a1ea3b8d77166" class="Code Code--NoWrap"><code><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><span>use eg_bdf::{BdfGlyph, BdfTextStyle};
include!("./bdf_lxgwwenkai_regular_font.rs");
fn main() {
let text = "Happy\u{AD}Loong\u{AD}Year!\
Happy Hacking!\
Happy Loong Year!\u{A0}新年快乐!\u{A0}-from Rust ESP32";
let bdf_style = BdfTextStyle::new(&BDF_LXGWWenKai_Regular_FONT, Rgb565::WHITE);
let textbox_style = TextBoxStyleBuilder::new()
.line_height(LineHeight::Pixels(12)) // 字体高度与生成 otf2bdf -p 12 一致
.alignment(HorizontalAlignment::Justified)
.paragraph_spacing(0)
.build();
let mut bounds = Rectangle::new(Point::new(0, 0), Size::new(128, 160));
let mut text_box = TextBox::with_textbox_style(text, bounds, bdf_style, textbox_style);
let next = text_box.draw(&mut display).unwrap();
}</span></span></span></code></pre><div id="https://www.notion.so/c9cb55382ddc46e3ba888852fbf73dc8" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorDefault Text"><p class="Text__Content"><span class="SemanticStringArray"></span></p></div><ul id="https://www.notion.so/a5e67ce1360441bfa16d84addfd7c2cc" class="ColorfulBlock ColorfulBlock--ColorGray TableOfContents"><li class="TableOfContents__Item"><a href="#https://www.notion.so/d3b4f566a7b344eeb45fd7875ab6cc34"><div style="margin-left:0px"><span class="SemanticStringArray"><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">1 embedded-graphics/bdf </mark></span><span class="SemanticString"><mark class="SemanticString__Fragment SemanticString__Fragment--HighlightedColor SemanticString__Fragment--ColorDefault">#</mark></span></span></div></a></li></ul></article>
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