A parser for ANSI C, in Lean4.
The system uses macros to parse C code into an AST represented by a user-defined Lean type translation_unit.
This has been implemented by defining syntax categories according to the ANSI C Grammar (see below), and mapping non-terminal expansions to different constructors of the corresponding datatype.
In order to run the tests, first run lake build. Then run ./build/bin/cParser.
This will run the parser on the files in the Tests directory.
Alternatively, simply run lake exe cParser.
Failed tests can be filtered by piping the output of the command through grep in the following manner:
./build/bin/cParser | grep error
The file Tests/SQLite/shell_clanged.c is the output of clang -E sqlite-amalgamation-3420000/shell.c.
The file Tests/SQLite/sqlite3_clanged.c is the output of clang -E sqlite-amalgamation-3420000/sqlite3.c.
Before preprocessing, add the following directives to eliminate these macros from the code and include certain type definitions:
#define __attribute__(x)
#define __extension__
#define __restrict
#define restrict
#define __inline
#define __asm__(x)
#define __asm(x)
#define _Nonnull
#define _Nullable
#define _Null_unspecified
#include <byteswap.h> // for non-Mac OS; else
# include <libkern/OSByteOrder.h>
/* We assume little endian. */
# define htobe64(x) OSSwapHostToBigInt64(x)
# define htobe32(x) OSSwapHostToBigInt32(x)
# define htobe16(x) OSSwapHostToBigInt16(x)
# define be64toh(x) OSSwapBigToHostInt64(x)
# define be32toh(x) OSSwapBigToHostInt32(x)
# define be16toh(x) OSSwapBigToHostInt16(x)
// The following are for sqlite3.c
typedef unsigned long long __uint128_t;
typedef void(*LOGFUNC_t)(void*,int,const char*);
typedef int(*sqlite3FaultFuncType)(int);
typedef void (*void_function)(void);
typedef int(*sqlite3LocaltimeType)(const void*,void*);In C, a typedef statement creates a new type name, which cannot be parsed as an identifier within the scope of that typedef statement (global or function).
Consider the statement
typedef struct Foo Foo;If this statement in the outermost scope, then after it, Foo is a type name in that scope, but may be used to declare identifiers (thus hiding the type name) in local scopes.
However, if the statement is in a local scope, Foo is a type name only within that scope, and ceases to be one when we return from it.
This property makes C's grammar more context-sensitive than Lean's itself, which makes a straightforward solution infeasible. However, a solution for a limited (and, to our knowledge, fairly common) case of this has been implemented.
Global typedefs create new type names, which cannot be reused as identifiers in any scope after the typedef. Local typedefs cause no errors, but have no effect on the environment (create no new type names).
Thus, this snippet
typedef struct Foo Foo;
struct Foo { int y ; };
Foo return_Foo(int x)
{
Foo bar;
bar.y = x;
return bar;
}parses, but this one
typedef struct Foo;
struct Foo { int y ; };
Foo return_Foo(int x)
{
int Foo = x;
struct Foo bar;
bar.y = Foo;
return bar;
}and this one
struct Foo { int y ; };
struct Foo add_and_wrap(int a, int b)
{
typedef struct Foo Foo;
Foo bar;
bar.y = a + b;
return bar;
}do not.
When main is run, it calls runTestHarness, which runs checkFileParse on each file in each directory of Tests/. All these functions are defined in Main.lean.
runTestHarness removes lines starting with # (preprocessing directives) and passes the file to the corresponding parseNonTerminal function (defined in CParser/Parser/ParseFuncs.lean). These functions are responsible for both parsing and elaboration.
mkParseFun creates the function responsible for this (which is called by mkNonTerminalParser), defined in CParser/Util.lean. The parsing is done by runParserCategory, and the elaboration by the argument ntparser (one of the mk<NonTerminal> functions defined in CParser/Parser/MakeFuncs.lean).
Note that we use a custom version of runParserCategory for the translation_unit nonterminal. This is in order to allow for global typedef statements.
runParserCategoryTranslationUnit works exactly the same as its built-in counterpart, except that if the statement being parsed is a typedef, then we use the stringToCommand function to define a new type_name_token for each identifier given. For example, the statement
typedef struct Foo Foo;causes the command
syntax "Foo" : type_name_tokento be elaborated.
addTokenTableOfCategory finds all the keywords used in the syntax definitions of a category, and these are the only keywords recognised during parsing. This is done so that Lean keywords do not block C identifiers.
We use custom tokenisation functions defined in Token.lean to account for differences between C tokens and Lean tokens. The major divergences are
- C identifiers cannot include
!or?. - Quotable characters are
\"'rntabefv?0 - C comments are delimited by
//(single line) and/* ... */(multiline).
Numbers with arithmetic type specifiers (u, U, l and L) following them are accounted for by the nonterminal extended_num, which allows for any number of these specifiers to follow any number.
If the parsing fails, an error of the form expected ... will be thrown. For example, in a statement like
static inline func(void);if inline is not defined as a declaration_specifier, then it will be parsed as an ident, and the parser will then throw an error at func: expected '(' or ';'.
If the elaboration fails, an error of the form unexpected syntax for <nonterminal> will be thrown, followed by the syntax tree which was passed to the failing function. Usually, this will be because the parser has identified two possible parses and so the syntax node has kind choice instead of the required nonterminal. In such cases, a preference for one of the choices can be hardcoded by filtering them based on the kind. This has been done for
mkUnaryExpression: a preference to include the brackets in theunary_expressioninstead of aprimary_expressionmkCastExpression: a preference to avoid reading thetype_name_tokenas anidentand the expression as apostfix_expressionmkCompStmt: a preference to have at least onedeclaration
For unary_expressions, an example of the ambiguity is
(choice
(«unary_expressionSizeof(_)»
"sizeof"
"("
(type_name__ (specifier_qualifier_list_ (specifier_qualifier_ (type_specifierChar "char"))) [])
")")
(unary_expressionSizeof_
"sizeof"
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_ (postfix_expression_ (primary_expression__4 "char"))))))))))))))))])
")")))))
for the expression sizeof(char).
For cast_expressions, an example is
(choice
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(«postfix_expression_(_)»
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__1 (type_name_token__uint16_t "__uint16_t")))))))))))))))))])
")"))
"("
(«argument_expression_list_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(«inclusive_or_expression_|_»
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(«and_expression_&_»
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(«shift_expression_>>_»
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression_
`__bsx))))))))))))))))])
")")))))))
">>"
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___
(num "8")
[(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))))))
"&"
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___ (num "0xff") [(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))))))))
"|"
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(«shift_expression_<<_»
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(«and_expression_&_»
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression_
`__bsx))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))))))
"&"
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___
(num "0xff")
[(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
")")))))))
"<<"
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___ (num "8") [(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))))))))))))])
")")))
(«cast_expression(_)_»
"("
(type_name__
(specifier_qualifier_list_ (specifier_qualifier_ (type_specifier__2 (type_name_token__uint16_t "__uint16_t"))))
[])
")"
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(«inclusive_or_expression_|_»
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(«and_expression_&_»
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(«shift_expression_>>_»
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression_
`__bsx))))))))))))))))])
")")))))))
">>"
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___
(num "8")
[(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))))))
"&"
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___ (num "0xff") [(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))))))))
"|"
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(«shift_expression_<<_»
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(«and_expression_&_»
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression_
`__bsx))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))))))
"&"
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___
(num "0xff")
[(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
")")))))))
"<<"
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___ (num "8") [(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))
for the expression ((__uint16_t) ((((__bsx) >> 8) & 0xff) | (((__bsx) & 0xff) << 8))).
For compound_statements, an example is
(choice
(«compound_statement{__}»
"{"
(declaration_list_
(«declaration__;»
(declaration_specifiers__1 (type_specifier__2 (type_name_tokenSqlite3_mutex "sqlite3_mutex")))
[(«init_declarator_list_,,»
[(«init_declarator_=_» (declarator__ [(«pointer*__» "*" [] [])] (direct_declarator_ `pMutex)) [])])]
";"))
(statement_list__
(statement__2 («expression_statement_;» [(«expression_,,» [])] ";"))
(statement_list__
(statement__3
(«selection_statementIf(_)_Else_»
"if"
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(«logical_or_expression_||_»
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(«relational_expression_<_»
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_ (unary_expression_ (postfix_expression_ (primary_expression_ `op))))))))
"<"
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_ (primary_expression__2 (extended_num___ (num "0") [])))))))))))))))
"||"
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(«relational_expression_>=_»
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_ (unary_expression_ (postfix_expression_ (primary_expression_ `op))))))))
">="
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(«cast_expression(_)_»
"("
(type_name__
(specifier_qualifier_list_ (specifier_qualifier_ (type_specifierInt "int")))
[])
")"
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(«multiplicative_expression_/_»
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expressionSizeof_
"sizeof"
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression_
`sqlite3Stat.nowValue))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))
"/"
(cast_expression_
(unary_expressionSizeof_
"sizeof"
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(«primary_expression(_)»
"("
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(«postfix_expression_[_]»
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression_
`sqlite3Stat.nowValue))
"["
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___
(num "0")
[(arith_type_specs
"")])))))))))))))))))])
"]")))))))))))))))])
")")))))))))))))))))])
")")))))))))))))))))])
")"))))))))))))))))])
")"
(statement__1
(«compound_statement{_}»
"{"
(statement_list_
(statement__5
(«jump_statementReturn_;»
"return"
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(«postfix_expression_(_)»
(postfix_expression_ (primary_expression_ `sqlite3MisuseError))
"("
(«argument_expression_list_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___ (num "23373") [(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
")")))))))))))))))])
";")))
"}"))
[]))
(statement_list__
(statement__2
(«expression_statement_;»
[(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression___
(unary_expression_ (postfix_expression_ (primary_expression_ `pMutex)))
(«assignment_operator=» "=")
(assignment_expression_
(«conditional_expression_?_:_»
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(«postfix_expression_[_]»
(postfix_expression_ (primary_expression_ `statMutex))
"["
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_ (primary_expression_ `op))))))))))))))))])
"]")))))))))))))
"?"
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(choice
(«postfix_expression_(_)»
(postfix_expression_ (primary_expression_ `sqlite3Pcache1Mutex))
"("
(«argument_expression_list_,,» [])
")")
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(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_ (primary_expression_ `pMutex))))))))))))))))])
")")))))))))))))))])]
";"))
(statement_list__
(statement__2
(«expression_statement_;»
[(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(«cast_expression(_)_»
"("
(type_name__
(specifier_qualifier_list_ (specifier_qualifier_ (type_specifierVoid "void")))
[])
")"
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_ (postfix_expression_ (primary_expression_ `pMutex)))))))))))))))))])]
";"))
(statement_list_
(statement__5
(«jump_statementReturn_;»
"return"
(«expression_,,»
[(assignment_expression_
(conditional_expression_
(logical_or_expression_
(logical_and_expression_
(inclusive_or_expression_
(exclusive_or_expression_
(and_expression_
(equality_expression_
(relational_expression_
(shift_expression_
(additive_expression_
(multiplicative_expression_
(cast_expression_
(unary_expression_
(postfix_expression_
(primary_expression__2
(extended_num___ (num "0") [(arith_type_specs "")])))))))))))))))))])
";")))))))))))))
"}"))
for the expression
{
sqlite3_mutex *pMutex;
;
if( op<0 || op>=((int)(sizeof(sqlite3Stat.nowValue)/sizeof(sqlite3Stat.nowValue[0]))) ){
return sqlite3MisuseError(23373);
}
pMutex = statMutex[op] ? sqlite3Pcache1Mutex() : sqlite3MallocMutex();
sqlite3_mutex_enter(pMutex);
*pCurrent = sqlite3Stat.nowValue[op];
*pHighwater = sqlite3Stat.mxValue[op];
if( resetFlag ){
sqlite3Stat.mxValue[op] = sqlite3Stat.nowValue[op];
}
sqlite3_mutex_leave(pMutex);
(void)pMutex;
return 0;
}The order in which the nonterminals of the C grammar (reference) is as follows:
+ assignment_expression
+ assignment_operator
+ assignment_expression
+ unary_expression
+ unary_operator
+ postfix_expression
+ primary_expression
+ argument_expression_list
+ expression
+ conditional_expression ... cast_expression [leads to type_name]
+ init_declarator_list
+ init_declarator
+ initializer [leads to assignment_expression]
+ initializer_list
+ declarator
+ pointer
+ type_qualifier
+ type_qualifier_list
+ direct_declarator [leads to parameter_type_list]
+ identifier_list
+ abstract_declarator
+ direct_abstract_declarator [leads to parameter_type_list]
+ constant_expression
+ declaration_list
+ declaration
+ init_declarator_list
+ parameter_type_list
+ parameter_list
+ parameter_declaration
+ declaration_specifiers
+ storage_class_specifier
+ type_specifier
+ enum_specifier
+ enumerator_list
+ enumerator
+ struct_or_union_specifier
+ struct_or_union
+ struct_declaration_list
+ struct_declaration
+ type_name
+ specifier_qualifier_list
+ struct_declarator_list
+ struct_declarator
+ compound_statement [leads to declaration_list]
+ statement_list
+ statement
+ labeled_statement
+ jump_statement
+ iteration_statement
+ selection_statement
+ expression_statement
+ translation_unit
+ external_declaration
+ function_definition