diff --git a/include/EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/DynamicFee.hpp b/include/EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/DynamicFee.hpp
index 8e45087..25a9b93 100644
--- a/include/EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/DynamicFee.hpp
+++ b/include/EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/DynamicFee.hpp
@@ -145,6 +145,20 @@ class DynFee :
 		);
 	}
 
+	Internal::Rlp::OutputContainerType RlpSerializeSigned() const
+	{
+		Validate();
+		if (get_r().size() == 0 || get_s().size() == 0)
+		{
+			throw Exception("The given transaction is not signed");
+		}
+		auto rlp =
+			Internal::Rlp::WriterGeneric::StaticDictWriter::Write(*this);
+		rlp.insert(rlp.begin(), GetTypeFlag());
+
+		return rlp;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * @brief Get the type flag, which is 0x02 for dynamic fee transaction
 	 *
diff --git a/include/EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/Ecdsa.hpp b/include/EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/Ecdsa.hpp
index f77dc49..53c800e 100644
--- a/include/EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/Ecdsa.hpp
+++ b/include/EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/Ecdsa.hpp
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <mbedTLScpp/BigNumber.hpp>
+#include <mbedTLScpp/EcKey.hpp>
 #include <mbedTLScpp/Hmac.hpp>
 #include <mbedTLScpp/SecretVector.hpp>
 
@@ -856,6 +857,80 @@ EcdsaRawSign(
 }
 
 
+template<
+	typename _HashCtnT, bool _HashCtnSec,
+	typename _PkeyBigNumTraits,
+	typename _EcGroupTraits
+>
+inline
+std::tuple<
+	uint8_t,
+	Internal::Tls::BigNum,
+	Internal::Tls::BigNum
+>
+EcdsaRawSign(
+	const Internal::Tls::ContCtnReadOnlyRef<_HashCtnT, _HashCtnSec>& hashCtnRef,
+	const Internal::Tls::BigNumber<_PkeyBigNumTraits>& privKeyNum,
+	const Internal::Tls::EcGroup<_EcGroupTraits>& curveGroup
+)
+{
+	auto privKeyBytes =
+		privKeyNum.template SecretBytes</*little endian=*/false>();
+
+	return EcdsaRawSign(
+		hashCtnRef,
+		Internal::Tls::CtnFullR(privKeyBytes),
+		privKeyNum,
+		curveGroup.BorrowA(),
+		curveGroup.BorrowGx(),
+		curveGroup.BorrowGy(),
+		curveGroup.BorrowN(),
+		curveGroup.BorrowP()
+	);
+}
+
+
+template<
+	typename _PkeyTraits
+>
+inline void SignTransaction(
+	DynFee& txn,
+	const Internal::Tls::EcKeyPair<
+		Internal::Tls::EcType::SECP256K1,
+		_PkeyTraits
+	>& keyPair
+)
+{
+	auto hash = txn.Hash();
+
+	auto signBigNum = EcdsaRawSign(
+		Internal::Tls::CtnFullR(hash),
+		keyPair.BorrowSecretNum(),
+		keyPair.BorrowGroup()
+	);
+
+	uint8_t v = std::get<0>(signBigNum);
+	if (v == 0)
+	{
+		txn.get_v().resize(0);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		txn.get_v().resize(1);
+		txn.get_v()[0] = v;
+	}
+
+
+	txn.get_r() = Internal::Obj::Bytes(
+		std::get<1>(signBigNum).template Bytes</*_LitEndian=*/false>()
+	);
+
+	txn.get_s() = Internal::Obj::Bytes(
+		std::get<2>(signBigNum).template Bytes</*_LitEndian=*/false>()
+	);
+}
+
+
 } // namespace Transaction
 } // namespace Eth
 } // namespace EclipseMonitor
diff --git a/test/GenTransactionSamples.py b/test/GenTransactionSamples.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77088f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/GenTransactionSamples.py
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+###
+# Copyright (c) 2024 Haofan Zheng
+# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
+###
+
+
+# This python code helps to generate the input/output and raw transaction data
+# for unit tests in the EclipseMonitor::Eth::Transaction module and
+# EclipseMonitor::Eth ABI writer classes.
+# Many of the sample input data are taken from
+# https://github.com/ethereum/eth-account/blob/8478a86a8d235acba0a33fcae5804887473c72de/eth_account/account.py#L655
+
+
+import web3
+
+from eth_utils import (
+	keccak,
+)
+
+
+TEST_ABI_1 = [
+	# ('uint64','(uint64,uint64)','bytes5')
+	{
+		"name": "foo",
+		"type": "function",
+		"inputs": [
+			{ "name": "val1", "type": "uint64" },
+			{
+				"name": "val2", "type": "tuple",
+				"components": [
+					{ "name": "val21", "type": "uint64" },
+					{ "name": "val22", "type": "uint64", }
+				]
+			},
+			{ "name": "val3", "type": "bytes5" }
+		],
+		"outputs": [
+			{ "name": "ret1", "type": "uint64" },
+			{ "name": "ret2", "type": "bytes5"  }
+		]
+	},
+	# ('uint64','(uint64,(uint64,bytes))','bytes5')
+	{
+		"name": "bar",
+		"type": "function",
+		"inputs": [
+			{ "name": "val1", "type": "uint64" },
+			{
+				"name": "val2", "type": "tuple",
+				"components": [
+					{ "name": "val21", "type": "uint64" },
+					{
+						"name": "val22",
+						"type": "tuple",
+						"components": [
+							{ "name": "val221", "type": "uint64" },
+							{ "name": "val222", "type": "bytes"  }
+						]
+					}
+				]
+			},
+			{ "name": "val3", "type": "bytes5" }
+		],
+		"outputs": [
+			{ "name": "ret1", "type": "uint64" },
+			{ "name": "ret2", "type": "bytes"  }
+		]
+	}
+]
+TEST_CONTRACT_ADDR_1 = '0x09616C3d61b3331fc4109a9E41a8BDB7d9776609'
+TEST_PRIVATE_KEY_1 = '0x''4c0883a69102937d6231471b5dbb6204fe5129617082792ae468d01a3f362318'
+TEST_PRIVATE_KEY_2 = '0x''8b03d7fdc28059800b252d475164a581d94563c9a39f435dc9b130acb5ab93bb'
+
+
+# import sys
+# print()
+# for byte in serialized:
+# 	sys.stdout.write('{}U, '.format(hex(byte)))
+# print()
+
+
+w3 = web3.Web3()
+
+
+# transaction1 = {
+# 	"type": 2,  # optional - can be implicitly determined based on max fee params
+# 	"gas": 100000,
+# 	"maxFeePerGas": 2000000000,
+# 	"maxPriorityFeePerGas": 2000000000,
+# 	"data": "0x616263646566",
+# 	"nonce": 34,
+# 	"to": "0x09616C3d61b3331fc4109a9E41a8BDB7d9776609",
+# 	"value": "0x5af3107a4000",
+# 	"accessList": (  # optional
+# 		{
+# 			"address": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000001",
+# 			"storageKeys": (
+# 				"0x0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+# 			)
+# 		},
+# 	),
+# 	"chainId": 1900,
+# }
+# transaction1Serialized = 'f86f82076c2284773594008477359400830186a09409616c3d61b3331fc4109a9e41a8bdb7d9776609865af3107a400086616263646566f838f7940000000000000000000000000000000000000001e1a00100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
+# transaction1Hash = 'd385a3379c2fbd2ccdda2cb84fa1202cfd0635ba0e422a1921ccf8361b24465c'
+
+# assert keccak(b'\x02' + bytes.fromhex(transaction1Serialized)) == bytes.fromhex(transaction1Hash)
+
+# signedTransaction1 = w3.eth.account.sign_transaction(transaction1, TEST_PRIVATE_KEY_1)
+
+
+
+
+
+# transaction1 = {
+# 	"type": 2,  # optional - can be implicitly determined based on max fee params
+# 	"gas": 123456,
+# 	"maxFeePerGas": 987654321,
+# 	"maxPriorityFeePerGas": 98765432154321,
+# 	"data": "0x9879ab123d274ef5",
+# 	"nonce": 814370,
+# 	"to": "0x09616C3d61b3331fc4109a9E41a8BDB7d9776609",
+# 	"value": 28957,
+# 	"accessList": (  # optional
+# 		{
+# 			"address": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000001",
+# 			"storageKeys": tuple()
+# 		},
+# 	),
+# 	"chainId": 634,
+# }
+# transaction1Serialized = 'f85082027a830c6d228659d39e7fe8d1843ade68b18301e2409409616c3d61b3331fc4109a9e41a8bdb7d977660982711d889879ab123d274ef5d7d6940000000000000000000000000000000000000001c0'
+# transaction1Hash = 'ac8785206b5b48c55ec9ccd796282dad8d8669cb91dde26e4ce424ccbdcbd0e0'
+
+# assert keccak(b'\x02' + bytes.fromhex(transaction1Serialized)) == bytes.fromhex(transaction1Hash)
+
+# signedTransaction1 = w3.eth.account.sign_transaction(transaction1, TEST_PRIVATE_KEY_1)
+
+
+
+
+
+# transaction1 = {
+# 	"type": 2,  # optional - can be implicitly determined based on max fee params
+# 	"gas": 2563498,
+# 	"maxFeePerGas": 14067925928,
+# 	"maxPriorityFeePerGas": 2956132109347,
+# 	"data": "0x5789a7b3fe8d",
+# 	"nonce": 25169,
+# 	"to": "0x09616C3d61b3331fc4109a9E41a8BDB7d9776609",
+# 	"value": 1532891978124,
+# 	"chainId": 3948,
+# }
+# transaction1Serialized = 'f85082027a830c6d228659d39e7fe8d1843ade68b18301e2409409616c3d61b3331fc4109a9e41a8bdb7d977660982711d889879ab123d274ef5d7d6940000000000000000000000000000000000000001c0'
+# transaction1Hash = 'ac8785206b5b48c55ec9ccd796282dad8d8669cb91dde26e4ce424ccbdcbd0e0'
+
+# assert keccak(b'\x02' + bytes.fromhex(transaction1Serialized)) == bytes.fromhex(transaction1Hash)
+
+# signedTransaction1 = w3.eth.account.sign_transaction(transaction1, TEST_PRIVATE_KEY_1)
+
+
+
+
+
+def FormatBytes(data: bytes) -> str:
+	s = ''
+	i = 0
+	for b in data:
+		s += '0x{:02x}U, '.format(b)
+		i += 1
+		if i % 32 == 0:
+			s += '\n'
+
+	return s
+
+
+
+
+
+paramTypes = ('bytes[2]',)
+paramArgs  = ([b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05', b'\x09\x08\x07\x06\x05\x04\x03\x02\x01'],)
+encoded = w3.codec.encode(paramTypes, paramArgs)
+print(paramTypes)
+print(FormatBytes(encoded))
+print()
+
+
+
+
+paramTypes = ('uint64[]',)
+paramArgs  = ([0x1234567890ABCDEF, 0xEFCDAB8967452301],)
+encoded = w3.codec.encode(paramTypes, paramArgs)
+print(paramTypes)
+print(FormatBytes(encoded))
+print()
+
+
+
+
+paramTypes = ('bytes[]',)
+paramArgs  = ([b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05', b'\x09\x08\x07\x06\x05\x04\x03\x02\x01'],)
+encoded = w3.codec.encode(paramTypes, paramArgs)
+print(paramTypes)
+print(FormatBytes(encoded))
+print()
+
+
+
+
+paramTypes = ('bytes', 'bytes',)
+paramArgs  = (b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05', b'\x09\x08\x07\x06\x05\x04\x03\x02\x01',)
+encoded = w3.codec.encode(paramTypes, paramArgs)
+print(paramTypes)
+print(FormatBytes(encoded))
+print()
+
+
+
+
+paramTypes = ('uint64', 'uint64[]', 'bytes5')
+paramArgs  = (12345, [54321, 67890], b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05')
+encoded = w3.codec.encode(paramTypes, paramArgs)
+print(paramTypes)
+print(FormatBytes(encoded))
+print()
+
+
+
+
+paramTypes = ('uint64', '(uint64,uint64)', 'bytes5')
+paramArgs  = (12345, (54321, 67890), b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05')
+encoded = w3.codec.encode(paramTypes, paramArgs)
+print(paramTypes)
+print(FormatBytes(encoded))
+print()
+
+
+
+paramTypes = ('uint64', '(uint64,bytes)', 'bytes5')
+paramArgs  = (12345, (54321, b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05'), b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05')
+encoded = w3.codec.encode(paramTypes, paramArgs)
+print(paramTypes)
+print(FormatBytes(encoded))
+print()
+
+
+
+paramTypes = ('uint64', '(uint64,(uint64,bytes))', 'bytes5')
+paramArgs  = (12345, (54321, (67890, b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05')), b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05')
+encoded = w3.codec.encode(paramTypes, paramArgs)
+print(paramTypes)
+print(FormatBytes(encoded))
+print()
+
+
+
+testContract1 = w3.eth.contract(address=TEST_CONTRACT_ADDR_1, abi=TEST_ABI_1)
+paramArgs  = [12345, (54321, 67890), b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05']
+executable = testContract1.functions['foo'](*paramArgs)
+msg = {
+	"type": 2,
+	"gas": 100000,
+	"maxFeePerGas": 2000000000,
+	"maxPriorityFeePerGas": 2000000000,
+	"nonce": 34,
+	"value": 0,
+	"chainId": 1900,
+}
+tx = executable.build_transaction(msg)
+signedTx = w3.eth.account.sign_transaction(tx, TEST_PRIVATE_KEY_1)
+print('rawTransaction:')
+print(FormatBytes(signedTx.rawTransaction))
+print()
+# w3.eth.send_raw_transaction(signedTx)
+
+
+
+testContract1 = w3.eth.contract(address=TEST_CONTRACT_ADDR_1, abi=TEST_ABI_1)
+paramArgs  = [12345, (54321, (67890, b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05')), b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05']
+executable = testContract1.functions['bar'](*paramArgs)
+msg = {
+	"type": 2,
+	"gas": 100000,
+	"maxFeePerGas": 2000000000,
+	"maxPriorityFeePerGas": 2000000000,
+	"nonce": 34,
+	"value": 1000,
+	"chainId": 1900,
+}
+tx = executable.build_transaction(msg)
+signedTx = w3.eth.account.sign_transaction(tx, TEST_PRIVATE_KEY_2)
+print('rawTransaction:')
+print(FormatBytes(signedTx.rawTransaction))
+print()
+
diff --git a/test/src/TestEthTxnDynFee.cpp b/test/src/TestEthTxnDynFee.cpp
index daf2c7d..fc7af40 100644
--- a/test/src/TestEthTxnDynFee.cpp
+++ b/test/src/TestEthTxnDynFee.cpp
@@ -6,9 +6,16 @@
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
+#include <EclipseMonitor/Eth/AbiWriter.hpp>
+#include <EclipseMonitor/Eth/DataTypes.hpp>
+#include <EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/ContractFunction.hpp>
 #include <EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/DynamicFee.hpp>
+#include <EclipseMonitor/Eth/Transaction/Ecdsa.hpp>
 #include <EclipseMonitor/Exceptions.hpp>
 
+#include <mbedTLScpp/DefaultRbg.hpp>
+#include <mbedTLScpp/EcKey.hpp>
+
 #include <SimpleObjects/Codec/Hex.hpp>
 
 #include "Common.hpp"
@@ -222,12 +229,12 @@ GTEST_TEST(TestEthTxnDynFee, DeEncoding)
 			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
 			0x00U,
 		};
-		std::cout << "Expected RLP:  " <<
-			SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(expRlp) << std::endl;
+		// std::cout << "Expected RLP:  " <<
+		// 	SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(expRlp) << std::endl;
 
 		auto rlp = dynFeeTxn.RlpSerializeUnsigned();
-		std::cout << "Generated RLP: " <<
-			SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(rlp) << std::endl;
+		// std::cout << "Generated RLP: " <<
+		// 	SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(rlp) << std::endl;
 
 		EXPECT_EQ(rlp, expRlp);
 
@@ -312,13 +319,8 @@ GTEST_TEST(TestEthTxnDynFee, DeEncoding)
 			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
 			0x01U, 0xc0U,
 		};
-		std::cout << "Expected RLP:  " <<
-			SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(expRlp) << std::endl;
 
 		auto rlp = dynFeeTxn.RlpSerializeUnsigned();
-		std::cout << "Generated RLP: " <<
-			SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(rlp) << std::endl;
-
 		EXPECT_EQ(rlp, expRlp);
 
 		auto rlpDecoded = Transaction::DynFee::FromRlp(rlp);
@@ -396,13 +398,8 @@ GTEST_TEST(TestEthTxnDynFee, DeEncoding)
 			0x64U, 0xe7U, 0x7bU, 0x59U, 0x8cU, 0x86U, 0x57U, 0x89U,
 			0xa7U, 0xb3U, 0xfeU, 0x8dU, 0xc0U,
 		};
-		std::cout << "Expected RLP:  " <<
-			SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(expRlp) << std::endl;
 
 		auto rlp = dynFeeTxn.RlpSerializeUnsigned();
-		std::cout << "Generated RLP: " <<
-			SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(rlp) << std::endl;
-
 		EXPECT_EQ(rlp, expRlp);
 
 		auto rlpDecoded = Transaction::DynFee::FromRlp(rlp);
@@ -430,3 +427,176 @@ GTEST_TEST(TestEthTxnDynFee, DeEncoding)
 	}
 }
 
+
+GTEST_TEST(TestEthTxnDynFee, SignedTransaction)
+{
+	static const ContractAddr gsk_testContractAddr = {
+		// 0x09616C3d61b3331fc4109a9E41a8BDB7d9776609
+		0x09U, 0x61U, 0x6CU, 0x3DU, 0x61U, 0xB3U, 0x33U, 0x1fU, 0xc4U, 0x10U,
+		0x9aU, 0x9EU, 0x41U, 0xa8U, 0xBDU, 0xB7U, 0xd9U, 0x77U, 0x66U, 0x09U,
+	};
+
+	std::unique_ptr<mbedTLScpp::RbgInterface> rand =
+		mbedTLScpp::Internal::make_unique<mbedTLScpp::DefaultRbg>();
+
+	{
+		using AbiTupleWriter = AbiWriterStaticTuple<
+			AbiWriter<SimpleObjects::ObjCategory::Integer, AbiUInt64>,
+			AbiWriterStaticTuple<
+				AbiWriter<SimpleObjects::ObjCategory::Integer, AbiUInt64>,
+				AbiWriter<SimpleObjects::ObjCategory::Integer, AbiUInt64>
+			>,
+			AbiWriter<SimpleObjects::ObjCategory::Bytes, AbiSize<5> >
+		>;
+
+		auto keyPair = mbedTLScpp::EcKeyPair<mbedTLScpp::EcType::SECP256K1>::
+			FromSecretNum(
+				mbedTLScpp::BigNum(
+					"4c0883a69102937d6231471b5dbb6204fe5129617082792ae468d01a3f362318",
+					/*radix=*/16
+				),
+				*rand
+			);
+
+		Transaction::ContractFuncStaticDef<AbiTupleWriter> func(
+			gsk_testContractAddr,
+			"foo"
+		);
+
+		auto txn = func.CallByTxn(
+			SimpleObjects::UInt64(12345),
+			std::forward_as_tuple(
+				SimpleObjects::UInt64(54321),
+				SimpleObjects::UInt64(67890)
+			),
+			SimpleObjects::Bytes({ 0x01U, 0x02U, 0x03U, 0x04U, 0x05U })
+		);
+
+		txn.SetChainID(1900);
+		txn.SetNonce(34);
+		txn.SetMaxPriorFeePerGas(2000000000);
+		txn.SetMaxFeePerGas(2000000000);
+		txn.SetGasLimit(100000);
+		txn.SetAmount(0);
+
+		Transaction::SignTransaction(txn, keyPair);
+
+		ASSERT_EQ(txn.get_v().size(), 1);
+		EXPECT_EQ(txn.get_v()[0], 0x01U);
+
+		std::vector<uint8_t> expectedSerialized = {
+			0x02U, 0xf8U, 0xf2U, 0x82U, 0x07U, 0x6cU, 0x22U, 0x84U, 0x77U, 0x35U, 0x94U, 0x00U, 0x84U, 0x77U, 0x35U, 0x94U,
+			0x00U, 0x83U, 0x01U, 0x86U, 0xa0U, 0x94U, 0x09U, 0x61U, 0x6cU, 0x3dU, 0x61U, 0xb3U, 0x33U, 0x1fU, 0xc4U, 0x10U,
+			0x9aU, 0x9eU, 0x41U, 0xa8U, 0xbdU, 0xb7U, 0xd9U, 0x77U, 0x66U, 0x09U, 0x80U, 0xb8U, 0x84U, 0xfaU, 0x81U, 0xb4U,
+			0x25U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x30U,
+			0x39U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0xd4U,
+			0x31U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x01U, 0x09U,
+			0x32U, 0x01U, 0x02U, 0x03U, 0x04U, 0x05U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0xc0U, 0x01U, 0xa0U, 0xb0U, 0xe3U, 0xf0U, 0x36U, 0xceU, 0x14U, 0x5fU, 0x98U, 0xc5U, 0xd2U, 0x59U, 0x8fU,
+			0x53U, 0x12U, 0x61U, 0xf3U, 0xebU, 0x5eU, 0xc5U, 0xadU, 0xe7U, 0x2aU, 0x92U, 0x1dU, 0xb8U, 0x9eU, 0x28U, 0x75U,
+			0x6dU, 0x8bU, 0xd1U, 0xc6U, 0xa0U, 0x64U, 0x96U, 0x99U, 0x1aU, 0xa1U, 0x6dU, 0x6dU, 0xa5U, 0x85U, 0x1aU, 0xd4U,
+			0x88U, 0x34U, 0x6fU, 0x71U, 0xd3U, 0xb1U, 0xddU, 0xa7U, 0xbfU, 0x15U, 0x93U, 0xb5U, 0xe2U, 0x61U, 0xb6U, 0xabU,
+			0xd3U, 0xf5U, 0x8aU, 0x43U, 0x69U,
+		};
+
+		auto rlp = txn.RlpSerializeSigned();
+		EXPECT_EQ(rlp, expectedSerialized);
+
+		// std::cout << "Expected RLP:  " <<
+		// 	SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(expectedSerialized) << std::endl;
+		// std::cout << "Generated RLP: " <<
+		// 	SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(rlp) << std::endl;
+		// std::cout << "Generated R: " <<
+		// 	SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(txn.get_r()) << std::endl;
+		// std::cout << "Generated S: " <<
+		// 	SimpleObjects::Codec::Hex::Encode<std::string>(txn.get_s()) << std::endl;
+	}
+
+	{
+		using AbiTupleWriter = AbiWriterStaticTuple<
+			AbiWriter<SimpleObjects::ObjCategory::Integer, AbiUInt64>,
+			AbiWriterStaticTuple<
+				AbiWriter<SimpleObjects::ObjCategory::Integer, AbiUInt64>,
+				AbiWriterStaticTuple<
+					AbiWriter<SimpleObjects::ObjCategory::Integer, AbiUInt64>,
+					AbiWriter<SimpleObjects::ObjCategory::Bytes, std::true_type>
+				>
+			>,
+			AbiWriter<SimpleObjects::ObjCategory::Bytes, AbiSize<5> >
+		>;
+
+		auto keyPair = mbedTLScpp::EcKeyPair<mbedTLScpp::EcType::SECP256K1>::
+			FromSecretNum(
+				mbedTLScpp::BigNum(
+					"8b03d7fdc28059800b252d475164a581d94563c9a39f435dc9b130acb5ab93bb",
+					/*radix=*/16
+				),
+				*rand
+			);
+
+		Transaction::ContractFuncStaticDef<AbiTupleWriter> func(
+			gsk_testContractAddr,
+			"bar"
+		);
+
+		auto txn = func.CallByTxn(
+			SimpleObjects::UInt64(12345),
+			std::forward_as_tuple(
+				SimpleObjects::UInt64(54321),
+				std::forward_as_tuple(
+					SimpleObjects::UInt64(67890),
+					SimpleObjects::Bytes({ 0x01U, 0x02U, 0x03U, 0x04U, 0x05U })
+				)
+			),
+			SimpleObjects::Bytes({ 0x01U, 0x02U, 0x03U, 0x04U, 0x05U })
+		);
+
+		txn.SetChainID(1900);
+		txn.SetNonce(34);
+		txn.SetMaxPriorFeePerGas(2000000000);
+		txn.SetMaxFeePerGas(2000000000);
+		txn.SetGasLimit(100000);
+		txn.SetAmount(1000);
+
+		Transaction::SignTransaction(txn, keyPair);
+
+		EXPECT_EQ(txn.get_v().size(), 0);
+
+		std::vector<uint8_t> expectedSerialized = {
+			0x02U, 0xf9U, 0x01U, 0x95U, 0x82U, 0x07U, 0x6cU, 0x22U, 0x84U, 0x77U, 0x35U, 0x94U, 0x00U, 0x84U, 0x77U, 0x35U,
+			0x94U, 0x00U, 0x83U, 0x01U, 0x86U, 0xa0U, 0x94U, 0x09U, 0x61U, 0x6cU, 0x3dU, 0x61U, 0xb3U, 0x33U, 0x1fU, 0xc4U,
+			0x10U, 0x9aU, 0x9eU, 0x41U, 0xa8U, 0xbdU, 0xb7U, 0xd9U, 0x77U, 0x66U, 0x09U, 0x82U, 0x03U, 0xe8U, 0xb9U, 0x01U,
+			0x24U, 0xf4U, 0xdcU, 0x33U, 0x21U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x30U, 0x39U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x60U, 0x01U, 0x02U, 0x03U, 0x04U, 0x05U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0xd4U, 0x31U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x40U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x01U, 0x09U, 0x32U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x40U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x05U, 0x01U, 0x02U, 0x03U, 0x04U, 0x05U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U,
+			0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0x00U, 0xc0U, 0x80U, 0xa0U, 0x7fU, 0x31U, 0xe9U, 0x0dU, 0x3cU, 0x0aU, 0x0cU, 0x0dU,
+			0x24U, 0x65U, 0xafU, 0x4eU, 0xc3U, 0x1aU, 0xe1U, 0xe6U, 0x26U, 0xfeU, 0xd0U, 0x26U, 0x09U, 0x89U, 0xf2U, 0xc4U,
+			0xc9U, 0x04U, 0x20U, 0x3aU, 0x22U, 0x77U, 0xc3U, 0xa4U, 0xa0U, 0x75U, 0x2aU, 0xc9U, 0x65U, 0x88U, 0xf3U, 0xabU,
+			0x28U, 0x08U, 0x78U, 0x7cU, 0x5bU, 0x8fU, 0xa1U, 0xf5U, 0xb3U, 0xadU, 0xc0U, 0x86U, 0xedU, 0x27U, 0x34U, 0x91U,
+			0x36U, 0xb1U, 0x94U, 0xc2U, 0x14U, 0xe5U, 0x52U, 0x5eU, 0x77U,
+		};
+
+		auto rlp = txn.RlpSerializeSigned();
+		EXPECT_EQ(rlp, expectedSerialized);
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/test/src/TestEthTxnEcdsa.cpp b/test/src/TestEthTxnEcdsa.cpp
index 79f7b87..dd34942 100644
--- a/test/src/TestEthTxnEcdsa.cpp
+++ b/test/src/TestEthTxnEcdsa.cpp
@@ -503,11 +503,7 @@ GTEST_TEST(TestEthTxnEcdsa, EcdsaRawSign)
 		> out = Transaction::EcdsaRawSign(
 			mbedTLScpp::CtnFullR(hash),
 			key,
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowA(),
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowGx(),
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowGy(),
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowN(),
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowP()
+			sk_secp256k1
 		);
 
 		EXPECT_EQ(std::get<0>(out), std::get<0>(expOut));
@@ -535,11 +531,7 @@ GTEST_TEST(TestEthTxnEcdsa, EcdsaRawSign)
 		> out = Transaction::EcdsaRawSign(
 			mbedTLScpp::CtnFullR(hash),
 			key,
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowA(),
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowGx(),
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowGy(),
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowN(),
-			sk_secp256k1.BorrowP()
+			sk_secp256k1
 		);
 
 		EXPECT_EQ(std::get<0>(out), std::get<0>(expOut));