hm

#! /bin/bash
## hm -- A HangMan Game implemented by Bash Script.

## Comment:
#    To play with this game. You should have a vocabulary file which is just
#  a plain text file with each line a word.
#    `hm' will pick randomly a word from this file to play with. You can query
#  the word definition using external dictionary program -- the default is to
#  use program 'dictd'--you can set yours by editing function 'hm_dict', but try to
#  make the query answer to be output to stdout using plain text.
#     Type `hm -h' to get help message.
#     Enjoy!

## Code:


declare -r MAX_GUESS=7          # maximum guesses permitted.
declare -r DIC_COST=3          # the cost to query a word
declare -r VOCAB_PATH="./vocab.txt" # default vocabulary file path
declare -r non_char='*'                # pint as a char which has not unrecognized.
function hm_dict { dict "$1" ;}         # 

declare special_chars=('-' ' ' "'") # word-constitute except for alpha.
declare vocab=${1:-$VOCAB_PATH}  
declare -a words
declare select_word             # the word which you are guessing
declare Num                     # the number of words read from vocab.
extract () {
    # delete blank lines,and trailing/ending blanks of each word.
    readarray -t -O 1 words <<< "$(sed -r '{/^\s*$/d; s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//}' $vocab)" 
    Num=${#words[@]}
}


random-in-place ()                  # produce a random permutation of $words 
{
    local ran; local tmpw; local tmpb
    random ()                   # 获得一个在$1与$2间(包括边界)的随机数
    {
        modulus=$(($2-$1+1))
        ran=$(($1+$RANDOM%$modulus))
    }

    for i in $(seq $Num)
    do
        random $i $Num          # get a random var between $i and $Num
        # swap 
        tmpw=${words[$i]}
        words[$i]=${words[$ran]}
        words[$ran]=$tmpw
    done
}

match ()                        # 检测单个字母是否猜中
{
    local index
    local tmp=$matches
    output_index () { echo $select_word| fold -w 1 | sed -rn "/[$guess]/=";}

    # 如果猜中,则更新matches
    while read index && [[ -n $index ]];do
        matches=$(sed -r "s/./$guess/$index" <<< $matches) # copy the match to corresponding index of $matches
    done <<< "$(output_index)" # output the index(es) of match

    [[ $tmp != $matches ]];return $?    # if some changes happened,return True,otherwise,False
}

go_on_prompt ()                 # go to next turn
{
    flush () { while read -e -t1 ;do :; done;}       # flush input
    dic_err="查找释义失败"

    flush
    echo '继续?(是:default 否:n 查询:? )'

    local c;read c
    case $c in
        '?' )
            if ! hm_dict "$select_word"; then
                echo dic_err
            fi
            go_on_prompt
            ;;
        'n')
            flush; return 1 ;;
        *)
            flush;return 0 ;;
    esac
}

play ()
{
    trash_num=0
    matches="$(printf ${non_char}%.0s $(seq ${#select_word}) )" # 用non_char 装填
    trash=( )                   # 猜错的字母
    show-dic (){
        tmp="{s/$select_word/###/Ig;s/${select_word%?}/###/Ig }"
       hm_dict "$select_word" 2> /dev/null |
           sed -r "$tmp"
        } # 屏蔽该单词,与它的变形
    guesses=                                          # initial $guesses
    say_guess () {
        echo "你目前的猜测: ${matches[@]}  错误猜测: ${trash[@]}  你还有$(($MAX_GUESS-$trash_num))次机会"
        echo -n "猜猜我是谁? "
        return 0
    }

    for guess in "${special_chars[@]}";do match;done # show special chars

    while say_guess && read -N1 guess
    do
        while [[ -z $guess ]];do read -N1 guess; done # guess can't be blank

        guess=${guess,,}                               # modify to lower case
        case $guess in
            [[:alpha:]] )
                if [[ $guess = [$guesses] ]];then
                    echo 重复猜测;continue
                else
                    guesses=$guess"$guesses" # add this guess to guesses
                fi

                if match;then
                    if [[ $matches = $select_word ]];then
                        echo "你成功了,你猜测的单词是$select_word"
                        go_on_prompt
                        return $?
                    fi
                else
                    (( trash_num++ ))
                    trash[$trash_num]=$guess
                    if [[ $trash_num > $MAX_GUESS ]]; then
                        echo "你已用尽所有机会. 您猜测的单词是 $select_word"
                        go_on_prompt
                        return $?
                    fi
                fi ;;
            '?') show-dic;(( trash_num=trash_num + DIC_COST ));;
            ':') echo {a..z} | sed "s/[${guesses:- }]//g";; # 打印为猜测的字母
            '^')
                echo "您猜测的单词是 $select_word"
                return 0;;
            *) echo "无意义字符" ;;
        esac
    done
}



rounds=1                        # 游戏进行的圈数
hangman ()
{
    say_goodbye () { echo "何日君再来?"; exit 0;}

    if [[ $rounds -gt $Num ]]
    then
        echo -n "词库已经用完,yesterday once more?(是:y;否:n)"
        read ans
        if [[ $ans = y ]]
        then
            exec $0
        else
            say_goodbye
        fi
    fi
    
    select_word=${words[$rounds]}

    if play
    then
        (( rounds++))
        hangman
    else
        say_goodbye
    fi
}

get_vocab () {

    if ! [[ -f $vocab ]];then
        echo "No $vocab exists";exit 1
    fi
}

add_words () {
   
    extract
    for i in "$@"
    do
        local flag=uniq
        for j in "${words[@]}";do
            if [[ "$i" = "$j" ]];then
                echo "- $i"
                flag=repeat
                break
            fi
            
        done

        if [[ $flag = uniq ]];then
            echo -e "\n$i" >> $vocab
            echo "+ $i"
        fi
    done
    echo done
    exit 0
}

help() {
    cat <<EOF

*USAGE*

Play Game:
	$0 [vocab]
Get Help:
	$0 [--help|help]
Add Words to vocabulary:
	$0 [vocab] (-a | --add) WORD...
Note: vocab is for vocabulary file path. the default is ./vocab.txt

*PLAY RULES*
  You have $MAX_GUESS chances to guess a word. You can query its definition
(the word in the output will be replaced by ### literally),and it will cost you
$DIC_COST chances.
  While guessing, you can type multple guesses at once,for example,you guess this
word consists 'e','a' and 'c', it's ok to type in "eac RET" at once.

while playing, some character you input has special meaning:
?    query dictionary the meaning of the word you are guessing;
:    print the candidate character for guess;
^    quit guessing this word.

EOF
}


# ==============================Main==========
########################################

case $1 in
    '--help'|'-h')              # show help message
        help
        ;;
    '-a'|'--add')
        get_vocab
        add_words "${@:2}"
        ;;
    *)
        if [[ "$2" =~ '-a|--add' ]];then 
            get_vocab "$1"
            add_words "${@:3}"
        else                    # play game
            help
            get_vocab "$1"
            extract
            random-in-place
            hangman
        fi ;;
esac


## hm ends here.