Set $(SupportedOSPlatformVersion)=24 in Android template

[jonpryor]

Context: dotnet/android-libraries#767
Context: dotnet/android-libraries#767 (comment)

For .NET 10, we should update the dotnet new android template so that $(SupportedOSPlatformVersion) is 24, bumping from the current default of 21.

The reason for this is that "desugaring" "moves" Java methods to locations that we don't expect, which can result in AbstractMethodErrors at runtime. Setting the minimum SDK version to >= 24 avoids this desugaring step, preventing the Java methods from being moved in a manner we don't expect, and thus avoiding the AbstractMethodError.