diff --git a/TODO.md b/TODO.md
index 58429e4f..d8d857c7 100644
--- a/TODO.md
+++ b/TODO.md
@@ -1,11 +1,3 @@
-# present
-
-`presentWordAsEnv`
-
-`formatEnv`
-
-`presentWordAsEnv` -- improve snapshot test
-
 # check
 
 `checkAllLocalVariableAreUsed`
diff --git a/src/lang/builtins/inspect.ts b/src/lang/builtins/inspect.ts
index b627c0fb..18e27a72 100644
--- a/src/lang/builtins/inspect.ts
+++ b/src/lang/builtins/inspect.ts
@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ export function compose(env: Env): void {
 
   if (value["@kind"] === "Port") {
     const connectedcomponent = findConnectedComponent(env.net, value.node)
-    const netString = formatNet(connectedcomponent)
-    if (netString.length === 0) {
+    const netText = formatNet(connectedcomponent)
+    if (netText.length === 0) {
       env.mod.loader.onOutput(`net_from_port ${formatValue(value)} end`)
     } else {
       env.mod.loader.onOutput(`net_from_port ${formatValue(value)}`)
-      env.mod.loader.onOutput(indent(netString))
+      env.mod.loader.onOutput(indent(netText))
       env.mod.loader.onOutput("end")
     }
   } else {
diff --git a/src/lang/env/formatEnv.ts b/src/lang/env/formatEnv.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..60810b39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lang/env/formatEnv.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { indent } from "../../utils/indent"
+import { formatNet } from "../net/formatNet"
+import { netIsEmpty } from "../net/netIsEmpty"
+import { formatValue } from "../value"
+import { Env } from "./Env"
+
+export function formatEnv(env: Env): string {
+  const netText = netIsEmpty(env.net)
+    ? "net end"
+    : [`net`, indent(formatNet(env.net)), `end`].join("\n")
+
+  const stackText =
+    env.stack.length === 0
+      ? "stack end"
+      : [`stack`, indent(env.stack.map(formatValue).join(" ")), `end`].join(
+          "\n",
+        )
+
+  const localsText =
+    env.locals.size === 0
+      ? "locals end"
+      : [
+          `locals`,
+          indent(
+            Array.from(env.locals.entries())
+              .map(([name, value]) => `${formatValue(value)} $${name}`)
+              .join("\n"),
+          ),
+          `end`,
+        ].join("\n")
+
+  return [
+    `env`,
+    indent(netText),
+    indent(stackText),
+    indent(localsText),
+    `end`,
+  ].join("\n")
+}
diff --git a/src/lang/env/index.ts b/src/lang/env/index.ts
index 466305ec..38aff7d8 100644
--- a/src/lang/env/index.ts
+++ b/src/lang/env/index.ts
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 export * from "./Env"
+export * from "./createEnv"
+export * from "./formatEnv"
diff --git a/src/lang/net/netIsEmpty.ts b/src/lang/net/netIsEmpty.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6cc5cf09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lang/net/netIsEmpty.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import { Net } from "./Net"
+
+export function netIsEmpty(net: Net): boolean {
+  return net.activeEdges.length === 0 && net.nodeEntries.size === 0
+}
diff --git a/src/lang/present/presentWordAsEnv.test.ts b/src/lang/present/presentWordAsEnv.test.ts
index e2ddfec9..ba413b0f 100644
--- a/src/lang/present/presentWordAsEnv.test.ts
+++ b/src/lang/present/presentWordAsEnv.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { expect, test } from "vitest"
 import { Fetcher } from "../../fetcher"
 import { Loader } from "../../loader"
-import { formatNet } from "../net/formatNet"
+import { formatEnv } from "../env/formatEnv"
 import { presentWordAsEnv } from "./presentWordAsEnv"
 
 test("presentWordAsEnv", async () => {
@@ -55,17 +55,33 @@ define addadd add add end
   const url = new URL("test://presentNodeAsNet")
   const mod = await loader.load(url, { text })
 
-  expect(formatNet(presentWordAsEnv(mod, "two").net)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-    "(zero₄)-value prev-(add1₅)
-    (add1₅)-value addend-(add₆)
-    (zero₅)-value prev-(add1₆)
-    (add1₆)-value!target-(add₆)"
+  expect(formatEnv(presentWordAsEnv(mod, "two"))).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "env
+      net
+        (zero₄)-value prev-(add1₅)
+        (add1₅)-value addend-(add₆)
+        (zero₅)-value prev-(add1₆)
+        (add1₆)-value!target-(add₆)
+      end
+      stack
+        (add₆)-return
+      end
+      locals end
+    end"
   `)
 
-  expect(formatNet(presentWordAsEnv(mod, "addadd").net)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-    "(@type_cap₃)-covering addend-(add₈)
-    (@type_cap₄)-covering addend-(add₇)
-    (@type_cap₅)-covering!target-(add₇)
-    (add₇)-return target-(add₈)"
+  expect(formatEnv(presentWordAsEnv(mod, "addadd"))).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "env
+      net
+        (@type_cap₃)-covering addend-(add₈)
+        (@type_cap₄)-covering addend-(add₇)
+        (@type_cap₅)-covering!target-(add₇)
+        (add₇)-return target-(add₈)
+      end
+      stack
+        (add₈)-return
+      end
+      locals end
+    end"
   `)
 })