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Python调用C++程序备忘笔记.html
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<h1><a href="https://chukeer.github.io/Python调用C++程序备忘笔记.html"> Python调用C++程序备忘笔记 </a></h1>
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<h4>Contents</h4>
<div class="toc">
<ul>
<li><a href="#_1">原生态导出</a></li>
<li><a href="#boost">通过boost实现</a></li>
<li><a href="#_2">导出类</a></li>
<li><a href="#_3">导出变参函数</a></li>
<li><a href="#python">导出带Python对象的接口</a></li>
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<p>Python的优点是开发效率高，使用方便，C++则是运行效率高，这两者可以相辅相成，不管是在Python项目中嵌入C++代码，或是在C++项目中用Python实现外围功能，都可能遇到Python调用C++模块的需求，下面列举出集中c++代码导出成Python接口的几种基本方法</p>
<h2 id="_1">原生态导出<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<p>Python解释器就是用C实现，因此只要我们的C++的数据结构能让Python认识，理论上就是可以被直接调用的。我们实现test1.cpp如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="cp">#include</span> <span class="cpf"><Python.h></span><span class="cp"></span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">Del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">PyObject</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="nf">WrappAdd</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyObject</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">PyObject</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">PyArg_ParseTuple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"ii"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Py_BuildValue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"i"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">PyObject</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="nf">WrappDel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyObject</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">PyObject</span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">PyArg_ParseTuple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"ii"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Py_BuildValue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"i"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">static</span> <span class="n">PyMethodDef</span> <span class="n">test_methods</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"Add"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">WrappAdd</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">METH_VARARGS</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"something"</span><span class="p">},</span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"Del"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">WrappDel</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">METH_VARARGS</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"something"</span><span class="p">},</span>
<span class="p">{</span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="k">extern</span> <span class="s">"C"</span>
<span class="kt">void</span> <span class="n">inittest1</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">Py_InitModule</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"test1"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">test_methods</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
<p>编译命令如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>g++ -fPIC -shared test1.cpp -I/usr/include/python2.6 -o test1.so
</pre></div>
<p>运行Python解释器，测试如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">>>></span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">test1</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">test1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="mi">3</span>
</pre></div>
<p>这里要注意一下几点</p>
<ul>
<li>如果生成的动态库名字为test1，则源文件里必须有inittest1这个函数，且Py_InitModule的第一个参数必须是“test1”，否则Python导入模块会失败</li>
<li>如果是cpp源文件，inittest1函数必须用extern "C"修饰，如果是c源文件，则不需要。原因是Python解释器在导入库时会寻找initxxx这样的函数，而C和C++对函数符号的编码方式不同，C++在对函数符号进行编码时会考虑函数长度和参数类型，具体可以通过<code>nm test1.so</code>查看函数符号，c++filt工具可通过符号反解出函数原型</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="boost">通过boost实现<a class="headerlink" href="#boost" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<p>我们使用和上面同样的例子，实现test2.cpp如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="cp">#include</span> <span class="cpf"><boost/python/module.hpp></span><span class="cp"></span>
<span class="cp">#include</span> <span class="cpf"><boost/python/def.hpp></span><span class="cp"></span>
<span class="k">using</span> <span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="n">boost</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">python</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">Del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">def</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Add"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">def</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Del"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
<p>其中BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE的参数为要导出的模块名字</p>
<p>编译命令如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>g++ test2.cpp -fPIC -shared -o test2.so -I/usr/include/python2.6 -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_python
</pre></div>
<p><strong>注意： 编译时需要指定boost头文件和库的路径，我这里分别是/usr/local/include和/usr/local/lib</strong></p>
<p>或者通过setup.py导出模块</p>
<table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre>1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9</pre></div></td><td class="code"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/usr/bin/env python</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">distutils.core</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">setup</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">distutils.extension</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Extension</span>
<span class="n">setup</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"PackageName"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">ext_modules</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span>
<span class="n">Extension</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"test2"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"test2.cpp"</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="n">libraries</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"boost_python"</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="p">])</span>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></table>
<p>Extension的第一个参数为模块名，第二个参数为文件名</p>
<p>执行如下命令</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python setup.py build
</pre></div>
<p>这时会生成build目录，找到里面的test2.so，并进入同一级目录，验证如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">>>></span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">test2</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">test2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">test2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
</pre></div>
<h2 id="_2">导出类<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<p>test3.cpp实现如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="cp">#include</span> <span class="cpf"><boost/python.hpp></span><span class="cp"></span>
<span class="k">using</span> <span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="n">boost</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">python</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Test</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="n">BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">class_</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Test</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Test"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">.</span><span class="n">def</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Add"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">Test</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">.</span><span class="n">def</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Del"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">Test</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
<p>注意：BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE里的.def使用方法有点类似Python的语法，等同于</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">class_</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nt">Test</span><span class="o">>(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="o">)</span><span class="nc">.def</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s2">"Add"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="nt">Test</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nd">:Add</span><span class="o">);</span>
<span class="nt">class_</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nt">Test</span><span class="o">>(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="o">)</span><span class="nc">.def</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s2">"Del"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="nt">Test</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nd">:Del</span><span class="o">);</span>
</pre></div>
<p>编译命令如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>g++ test3.cpp -fPIC -shared -o test3.so -I/usr/include/python2.6 -I/usr/local/include/boost -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_python
</pre></div>
<p>测试如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">>>></span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">test3</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">test</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">test3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Test</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">test</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="mi">3</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">test</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
</pre></div>
<h2 id="_3">导出变参函数<a class="headerlink" href="#_3" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<p>test4.cpp实现如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="cp">#include</span> <span class="cpf"><boost/python.hpp></span><span class="cp"></span>
<span class="k">using</span> <span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="n">boost</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">python</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Test</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">z</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">z</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kt">int</span> <span class="nf">Del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">const</span> <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">z</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">z</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">BOOST_PYTHON_MEMBER_FUNCTION_OVERLOADS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Add_member_overloads</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">BOOST_PYTHON_FUNCTION_OVERLOADS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Del_overloads</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">class_</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Test</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Test"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">.</span><span class="n">def</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Add"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&</span><span class="n">Test</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Add_member_overloads</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"x"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"y"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"z"</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s">"something"</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">def</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Del"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Del_overloads</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"x"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"y"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"z"</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s">"something"</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
<p>这里Add和Del函数均采用了默认参数，Del为普通函数，Add为类成员函数，这里分别调用了不同的宏，宏的最后两个参数分别代表函数的最少参数个数和最多参数个数</p>
<p>编译命令如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>g++ test4.cpp -fPIC -shared -o test4.so -I/usr/include/python2.6 -I/usr/local/ include/boost -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_python
</pre></div>
<p>测试如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">>>></span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">test4</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">test</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">test4</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Test</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">test</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="mi">103</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">test</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">z</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="mi">6</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">test4</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">test4</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">z</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
</pre></div>
<h2 id="python">导出带Python对象的接口<a class="headerlink" href="#python" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
<p>既然是导出为Python接口，调用者难免会使用Python特有的数据结构，比如tuple,list,dict，由于原生态方法太麻烦，这里只记录boost的使用方法，假设要实现如下的Python函数功能</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>def Square(list_a)
{
return [x * x for x in list_a]
}
</pre></div>
<p>即对传入的list每个元素计算平方，返回list类型的结果</p>
<p>代码如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="cp">#include</span> <span class="cpf"><boost/python.hpp></span><span class="cp"></span>
<span class="n">boost</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">python</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">list</span> <span class="n">Square</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">boost</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">python</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">list</span><span class="o">&</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">boost</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">python</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">list</span> <span class="n">ret</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">ret</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">ret</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">test5</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">def</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Square"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Square</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
<p>编译命令如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>g++ test5.cpp -fPIC -shared -o test5.so -I/usr/include/python2.6 -I/usr/local/include/boost -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_python
</pre></div>
<p>测试如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">>>></span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">test5</span>
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">test5</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Square</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">]</span>
</pre></div>
<p>boost实现了boost::python::tuple, boost::python::list, boost::python::dict这几个数据类型，使用方法基本和Python保持一致，具体方法可以查看boost头文件里的boost/python/tuple.hpp及其它对应文件</p>
<p>另外比较常用的一个函数是<code>boost::python::make_tuple()</code>，使用方法如下</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">boost</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nd">:python</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nd">:tuple</span> <span class="nt">t</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nt">boost</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nd">:python</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="nd">:make_tuple</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nt">b</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nt">c</span><span class="o">);</span>
</pre></div>
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