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leaders_data.json
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{
"Q1124": {
"first_paragraph": "William Jefferson Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as Governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and again from 1983 to 1992. Clinton, whose policies reflected a centrist \"Third Way\" political philosophy, became known as a New Democrat.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1946-08-19",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2001-01-20",
"first_name": "Bill",
"id": "Q1124",
"last_name": "Clinton",
"place_of_birth": "Hope",
"start_mandate": "1993-01-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton"
}
},
"Q11613": {
"first_paragraph": "Harry S. Truman[b] (May 8, 1884\u00a0\u2013 December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a United States senator from Missouri from 1935 to 1945 and briefly as the 34th vice president in 1945 under Franklin D. Roosevelt. Assuming the presidency after Roosevelt's death, Truman implemented the Marshall Plan in the wake of World War II to rebuild the economy of Western Europe and established both the Truman Doctrine and NATO to contain the expansion of Soviet communism. He proposed numerous liberal domestic reforms, but few were enacted by the conservative coalition that dominated the Congress.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1884-05-08",
"death_date": "1972-12-26",
"end_mandate": "1953-01-20",
"first_name": "Harry",
"id": "Q11613",
"last_name": "Truman",
"place_of_birth": "Lamar",
"start_mandate": "1945-04-12",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_S._Truman"
}
},
"Q11806": {
"first_paragraph": "John Adams (October 30, 1735 \u2013 July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, attorney, diplomat, writer, and Founding Father who served as the second president of the United States from 1797 to 1801. Before his presidency, he was a leader of the American Revolution that achieved independence from Great Britain. During the latter part of the Revolutionary War and in the early years of the new nation, he served the U.S. government as a senior diplomat in Europe. Adams was the first person to hold the office of vice president of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797. He was a dedicated diarist and regularly corresponded with important contemporaries, including his wife and adviser Abigail Adams and his friend and political rival Thomas Jefferson.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": null,
"death_date": "1826-07-04",
"end_mandate": "1801-03-04",
"first_name": "John",
"id": "Q11806",
"last_name": "Adams",
"place_of_birth": "Braintree",
"start_mandate": "1797-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams"
}
},
"Q11812": {
"first_paragraph": "Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743[b] \u2013 July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the president of the United States from 1801 to 1809.[6] He was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence. Following the American Revolutionary War and prior to becoming president in 1801, Jefferson was the nation's first U.S. secretary of state under George Washington and then the nation's second vice president under John Adams.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": null,
"death_date": "1826-07-04",
"end_mandate": "1809-03-04",
"first_name": "Thomas",
"id": "Q11812",
"last_name": "Jefferson",
"place_of_birth": "Shadwell",
"start_mandate": "1801-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson"
}
},
"Q11813": {
"first_paragraph": "James Madison (March 16, 1751[b]\u00a0\u2013 June 28, 1836) was an American statesman, diplomat, and Founding Father who served as the fourth president of the United States from 1809 to 1817. Madison was popularly acclaimed the \"Father of the Constitution\" for his pivotal role in drafting and promoting the Constitution of the United States and the Bill of Rights.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1751-03-16",
"death_date": "1836-06-28",
"end_mandate": "1817-03-04",
"first_name": "James",
"id": "Q11813",
"last_name": "Madison",
"place_of_birth": "Port Conway",
"start_mandate": "1809-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Madison"
}
},
"Q11815": {
"first_paragraph": "James Monroe (/m\u0259n\u02c8ro\u028a/ m\u0259n-ROH; April 28, 1758\u00a0\u2013 July 4, 1831) was an American statesman, lawyer, diplomat, and Founding Father who served as the fifth president of the United States from 1817 to 1825, a member of the Democratic-Republican Party. He was the last Founding Father to serve as president as well as the last president of the Virginia dynasty and the Republican Generation. His presidency coincided with the Era of Good Feelings, concluding the First Party System era of American politics. He issued the Monroe Doctrine, a policy of limiting European colonialism in the Americas. Monroe previously served as governor of Virginia, a member of the United States Senate, U.S. ambassador to France and Britain, the seventh secretary of state, and the eighth secretary of war.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1758-04-28",
"death_date": "1831-07-04",
"end_mandate": "1825-03-04",
"first_name": "James",
"id": "Q11815",
"last_name": "Monroe",
"place_of_birth": "Monroe Hall",
"start_mandate": "1817-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Monroe"
}
},
"Q11816": {
"first_paragraph": "John Quincy Adams (/\u02c8kw\u026anzi/ \u24d8;[a] July 11, 1767 \u2013 February 23, 1848) was an American statesman, politician, diplomat, lawyer, and diarist who served as the sixth president of the United States, from 1825 to 1829. He previously served as the eighth United States secretary of state from 1817 to 1825. During his long diplomatic and political career, Adams served as an ambassador and also as a member of the United States Congress representing Massachusetts in both chambers. He was the eldest son of John Adams, who served as the second president of the United States from 1797 to 1801, and First Lady Abigail Adams. Initially a Federalist like his father, he won election to the presidency as a member of the Democratic-Republican Party, and later, in the mid-1830s, became affiliated with the Whig Party.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1767-07-11",
"death_date": "1848-02-23",
"end_mandate": "1829-03-04",
"first_name": "John",
"id": "Q11816",
"last_name": "Adams",
"place_of_birth": "Braintree",
"start_mandate": "1825-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams"
}
},
"Q11817": {
"first_paragraph": "Andrew Jackson Jr (March 15, 1767 \u2013 June 8, 1845) was an American lawyer, planter, general, and statesman who served as the seventh president of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Before his presidency, he gained fame as a general in the U.S. Army and served in both houses of the U.S. Congress. Often praised as an advocate for ordinary Americans and for his work in preserving the union of states, Jackson has also been criticized for his racial policies, particularly his treatment of Native Americans.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1767-03-15",
"death_date": "1845-06-08",
"end_mandate": "1837-03-04",
"first_name": "Andrew",
"id": "Q11817",
"last_name": "Jackson",
"place_of_birth": "Waxhaws",
"start_mandate": "1829-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Jackson"
}
},
"Q11820": {
"first_paragraph": "Martin Van Buren (/v\u00e6n \u02c8bj\u028a\u0259r\u0259n/ van BURE-\u0259n; Dutch: Maarten van Buren [\u02c8ma\u02d0rt\u0259(n) v\u0251m \u02c8by\u02d0r\u0259(n)] \u24d8; December 5, 1782 \u2013 July 24, 1862) was an American lawyer, diplomat, and statesman who served as the eighth president of the United States from 1837 to 1841. A primary founder of the Democratic Party, he served as New York's attorney general, U.S. senator, then briefly as the ninth governor of New York before joining Andrew Jackson's administration as the tenth United States secretary of state, minister to Great Britain, and ultimately the eighth vice president when named Jackson's running mate for the 1832 election. Van Buren won the presidency in 1836 against divided Whig opponents, the first president of non-Anglo-Saxon heritage and so far the only speaking English as a second language. Van Buren lost re-election in 1840, and failed to win the Democratic nomination in 1844. Later in his life, Van Buren emerged as an elder statesman and an important anti-slavery leader who led the Free Soil Party ticket in the 1848 presidential election.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1782-12-05",
"death_date": "1862-07-24",
"end_mandate": "1841-03-04",
"first_name": "Martin",
"id": "Q11820",
"last_name": "Van Buren",
"place_of_birth": "Kinderhook",
"start_mandate": "1837-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren"
}
},
"Q11869": {
"first_paragraph": "William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773\u00a0\u2013 April 4, 1841) was an American military officer and politician who served as the ninth president of the United States. Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration as president in 1841, making his presidency the shortest in U.S. history. He was also the first U.S. president to die in office, causing a brief constitutional crisis since presidential succession was not then fully defined in the United States Constitution. Harrison was the last president born as a British subject in the Thirteen Colonies and was the paternal grandfather of Benjamin Harrison, the 23rd president of the United States.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1773-02-09",
"death_date": "1841-04-04",
"end_mandate": "1841-04-04",
"first_name": "William",
"id": "Q11869",
"last_name": "Harrison",
"place_of_birth": "Charles City County",
"start_mandate": "1841-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison"
}
},
"Q11881": {
"first_paragraph": "John Tyler (March 29, 1790 \u2013 January 18, 1862) was an American politician who served as the tenth president of the United States from 1841 to 1845, after briefly holding office as the tenth vice president in 1841. He was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with President William Henry Harrison, succeeding to the presidency following Harrison's death 31 days after assuming office. Tyler was a stalwart supporter and advocate of states' rights, including regarding slavery, and he adopted nationalistic policies as president only when they did not infringe on the states' powers. His unexpected rise to the presidency posed a threat to the presidential ambitions of Henry Clay and other Whig politicians and left Tyler estranged from both of the nation's major political parties at the time.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1790-03-29",
"death_date": "1862-01-18",
"end_mandate": "1845-03-04",
"first_name": "John",
"id": "Q11881",
"last_name": "Tyler",
"place_of_birth": "Charles City County",
"start_mandate": "1841-04-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tyler"
}
},
"Q11891": {
"first_paragraph": "James Knox Polk (/po\u028ak/;[1] November 2, 1795 \u2013 June 15, 1849) was the 11th president of the United States, serving from 1845 to 1849. He also served as the 13th speaker of the House of Representatives from 1835 to 1839 and the ninth governor of Tennessee from 1839 to 1841. A prot\u00e9g\u00e9 of Andrew Jackson, he was a member of the Democratic Party and an advocate of Jacksonian democracy. Polk is known for extending the territory of the United States through the Mexican\u2013American War during his presidency, annexing the Republic of Texas, the Oregon Territory, and the Mexican Cession after winning the Mexican\u2013American War.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1795-11-02",
"death_date": "1849-06-15",
"end_mandate": "1849-03-04",
"first_name": "James",
"id": "Q11891",
"last_name": "Polk",
"place_of_birth": "Pineville",
"start_mandate": "1845-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_K._Polk"
}
},
"Q11896": {
"first_paragraph": "Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 \u2013 July 9, 1850) was an American military leader who served as the 12th president of the United States from 1849 until his death in 1850. Taylor was a career officer in the United States Army, rising to the rank of major general and becoming a national hero for his victories in the Mexican\u2013American War. As a result, he won election to the White House despite his vague political beliefs. His top priority as president was to preserve the Union. He died 16 months into his term from a stomach disease.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1784-11-24",
"death_date": "1850-07-09",
"end_mandate": "1850-07-09",
"first_name": "Zachary",
"id": "Q11896",
"last_name": "Taylor",
"place_of_birth": "Barboursville",
"start_mandate": "1849-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zachary_Taylor"
}
},
"Q12306": {
"first_paragraph": "Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 \u2013 March 8, 1874) was the 13th president of the United States, serving from 1850 to 1853, the last to be a member of the Whig Party while in the White House. A former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from upstate New York, Fillmore was elected as the 12th vice president in 1848, and succeeded to the presidency in July 1850 upon the death of Zachary Taylor. Fillmore was instrumental in passing the Compromise of 1850, a bargain that led to a brief truce in the battle over the expansion of slavery. He failed to win the Whig nomination for president in 1852 but gained the endorsement of the nativist Know Nothing Party four years later and finished third in the 1856 presidential election.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1800-01-07",
"death_date": "1874-03-08",
"end_mandate": "1853-03-04",
"first_name": "Millard",
"id": "Q12306",
"last_name": "Fillmore",
"place_of_birth": "Summerhill",
"start_mandate": "1850-07-09",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millard_Fillmore"
}
},
"Q12312": {
"first_paragraph": "Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804\u00a0\u2013 October 8, 1869) was an American politician who served as the 14th president of the United States from 1853 to 1857. A northern Democrat who believed that the abolitionist movement was a fundamental threat to the nation's unity, he alienated anti-slavery groups by signing the Kansas\u2013Nebraska Act and enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act. Conflict between North and South continued after Pierce's presidency, and, after Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, the Southern states seceded, resulting in the American Civil War.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1804-11-23",
"death_date": "1869-10-08",
"end_mandate": "1857-03-04",
"first_name": "Franklin",
"id": "Q12312",
"last_name": "Pierce",
"place_of_birth": "Hillsborough",
"start_mandate": "1853-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Pierce"
}
},
"Q12325": {
"first_paragraph": "James Buchanan Jr. (/bju\u02d0\u02c8k\u00e6n\u0259n/ bew-KAN-\u0259n;[3] April 23, 1791\u00a0\u2013 June 1, 1868) was an American lawyer, diplomat, and politician who served as the 15th president of the United States from 1857 to 1861. He previously served as secretary of state from 1845 to 1849 and represented Pennsylvania in both houses of the U.S. Congress. He was an advocate for states' rights, particularly regarding slavery, and minimized the role of the federal government preceding the Civil War. Historians and scholars rank Buchanan as among the worst presidents in American history. Buchanan was the last president to have been born in the eighteenth century. \n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1791-04-23",
"death_date": "1868-06-01",
"end_mandate": "1861-03-04",
"first_name": "James",
"id": "Q12325",
"last_name": "Buchanan",
"place_of_birth": "Stony Batter",
"start_mandate": "1857-03-04",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Buchanan"
}
},
"Q12680": {
"first_paragraph": "Joseph Athanase Doumer, dit Paul Doumer, n\u00e9 le 22 mars 1857 \u00e0 Aurillac (Cantal) et assassin\u00e9 le 7 mai 1932 \u00e0 Paris, est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 13 juin 1931 \u00e0 sa mort.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1857-03-22",
"death_date": "1932-05-07",
"end_mandate": "1932-05-07",
"first_name": "Paul",
"id": "Q12680",
"last_name": "Doumer",
"place_of_birth": "Aurillac",
"start_mandate": "1931-06-13",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Doumer"
}
},
"Q12950": {
"first_paragraph": "Alain Poher, n\u00e9 le 17 avril 1909 \u00e0 Ablon-sur-Seine (Seine-et-Oise) et mort le 9 d\u00e9cembre 1996 \u00e0 Paris\u00a016e[1], est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1909-04-17",
"death_date": "1996-12-09",
"end_mandate": "1969-06-20",
"first_name": "Alain",
"id": "Q12950",
"last_name": "Poher",
"place_of_birth": "Ablon-sur-Seine",
"start_mandate": "1969-04-28",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Poher"
}
},
"Q12978": {
"first_paragraph": "Guy Maurice Marie-Louise Verhofstadt[5] (uitspraak\u24d8) (Dendermonde, 11 april 1953) is een Belgisch politicus voor de Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten (Open Vld). Hij was premier van Belgi\u00eb van 12 juli 1999 tot 20 maart 2008 in drie regeringen. Nu is hij lid van het Europees Parlement, waar hij van 2009 tot 2019 fractieleider van de Alliantie van Liberalen en Democraten voor Europa (ALDE) was.[6]\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1953-04-11",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2008-03-20",
"first_name": "Guy",
"id": "Q12978",
"last_name": "Verhofstadt",
"place_of_birth": "Dendermonde",
"start_mandate": "1999-07-12",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt"
}
},
"Q12981": {
"first_paragraph": "Yves Camille D\u00e9sir\u00e9 Leterme (Wervik, 6 oktober 1960) is een Belgisch politicus. Hij was onder meer Vlaams minister-president en premier van Belgi\u00eb. Hij was lang boegbeeld van de CD&V en boegbeeld van het toenmalige kartel CD&V/N-VA.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1960-10-06",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2011-12-06",
"first_name": "Yves",
"id": "Q12981",
"last_name": "Leterme",
"place_of_birth": "Wervik",
"start_mandate": "2009-11-25",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yves_Leterme"
}
},
"Q12983": {
"first_paragraph": "Herman Achille graaf Van Rompuy (Etterbeek, 31 oktober 1947) is een Belgische politicus van de christendemocratische partij CD&V. Hij was tussen 30 december 2008 en 25 november 2009 de premier van Belgi\u00eb en van 1 januari 2010[2] tot en met 30 november 2014 voorzitter van de Europese Raad, in de media vaak incorrect 'president van Europa' genoemd.[3] Op 19 november 2009 werd bekendgemaakt dat hij was verkozen tot de eerste permanente voorzitter en op 1 maart 2012 werd Van Rompuy met algemene stemmen door de 27 staatshoofden en regeringsleiders van de EU voor een tweede mandaat benoemd. Na deze termijn was hij niet meer herkiesbaar.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1947-10-31",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2009-11-25",
"first_name": "Herman",
"id": "Q12983",
"last_name": "None",
"place_of_birth": "Etterbeek",
"start_mandate": "2008-12-30",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Van_Rompuy"
}
},
"Q143202": {
"first_paragraph": "Pierre Jacques Fran\u00e7ois (Pieter) de Decker (Zele, 25 januari 1812 - Schaarbeek, 4 januari 1891) was een Belgisch politicus en auteur.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1812-01-25",
"death_date": "1891-01-04",
"end_mandate": "1857-11-09",
"first_name": "Pieter",
"id": "Q143202",
"last_name": "Decker",
"place_of_birth": "Zele",
"start_mandate": "1855-03-30",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pieter_de_Decker"
}
},
"Q14989": {
"first_paragraph": "L\u00e9on Fr\u00e9deric Gustave Delacroix (Sint-Joost-ten-Node, 27 december 1867 \u2013 Baden-Baden, 15 oktober 1929) was een Belgisch katholiek politicus. De L\u00e9on Delacroixstraat in Anderlecht en het metrostation Delacroix werden naar hem vernoemd.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1867-12-27",
"death_date": "1929-10-15",
"end_mandate": "1920-11-20",
"first_name": "L\u00e9on",
"id": "Q14989",
"last_name": "Delacroix",
"place_of_birth": "Saint-Josse-ten-Noode",
"start_mandate": "1918-11-21",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Delacroix"
}
},
"Q14990": {
"first_paragraph": "Henri Victor Marie Ghislain graaf Carton de Wiart (Brussel, 31 januari 1869 \u2013 Ukkel, 6 mei 1951) (ook als \"Henry\" vermeld) was een Belgische politicus. Hij was Eerste Minister van 1920 tot 1921.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1869-01-31",
"death_date": "1951-05-06",
"end_mandate": "1921-12-16",
"first_name": "Henry",
"id": "Q14990",
"last_name": "Carton",
"place_of_birth": "Brussels",
"start_mandate": "1920-11-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Carton_de_Wiart"
}
},
"Q14991": {
"first_paragraph": "Georges Emile Pierre L\u00e9onard Theunis (Montegn\u00e9e, 28 februari 1873 \u2013 Brussel, 4 januari 1966) was een Belgisch politicus van de Katholieke Partij.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1873-02-28",
"death_date": "1966-01-04",
"end_mandate": "1935-03-25",
"first_name": "Georges",
"id": "Q14991",
"last_name": "Theunis",
"place_of_birth": "Montegn\u00e9e",
"start_mandate": "1934-11-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Theunis"
}
},
"Q14992": {
"first_paragraph": "Aloys Jean Maria Joseph Van de Vyvere (Tielt, 8 juni 1871 - Parijs, 22 oktober 1961) was een Belgisch katholiek volksvertegenwoordiger en minister.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1871-06-08",
"death_date": "1961-10-22",
"end_mandate": "1925-06-17",
"first_name": "Alo\u00efs",
"id": "Q14992",
"last_name": "Van de Vyvere",
"place_of_birth": "Tielt",
"start_mandate": "1925-05-13",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloys_Van_de_Vyvere"
}
},
"Q14993": {
"first_paragraph": "Prosper Antoine Marie Joseph burggraaf Poullet (Leuven, 5 maart 1868 - 3 december 1937) was een Belgisch politicus.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1868-03-05",
"death_date": "1937-12-03",
"end_mandate": "1926-05-20",
"first_name": "Prosper",
"id": "Q14993",
"last_name": "Poullet",
"place_of_birth": "Leuven",
"start_mandate": "1925-06-17",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosper_Poullet"
}
},
"Q14994": {
"first_paragraph": "Henri Jaspar (Schaarbeek, 28 juli 1870 - Sint-Gillis, 15 februari 1939[1]) was een Belgisch katholiek politicus, die twee keer premier van Belgi\u00eb was.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1870-07-28",
"death_date": "1939-02-15",
"end_mandate": "1931-06-06",
"first_name": "Henri",
"id": "Q14994",
"last_name": "Jaspar",
"place_of_birth": "Schaerbeek - Schaarbeek",
"start_mandate": "1926-05-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Jaspar"
}
},
"Q14995": {
"first_paragraph": "Jules Laurent Jean Louis Renkin (Elsene, 3 december 1862 - Brussel, 15 juli 1934) was een Belgisch katholiek politicus.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1862-12-03",
"death_date": "1934-07-15",
"end_mandate": "1932-10-22",
"first_name": "Jules",
"id": "Q14995",
"last_name": "None",
"place_of_birth": "Ixelles - Elsene",
"start_mandate": "1931-06-06",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules_Renkin"
}
},
"Q14996": {
"first_paragraph": "Paul Guillaume van Zeeland (Zinnik, 11 november 1893 \u2013 Brussel, 22 september 1973) was een Belgisch advocaat, econoom, katholiek politicus en staatsman.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1893-11-11",
"death_date": "1973-09-22",
"end_mandate": "1937-11-24",
"first_name": "Paul",
"id": "Q14996",
"last_name": "Van Zeeland",
"place_of_birth": "Soignies",
"start_mandate": "1935-03-25",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_van_Zeeland"
}
},
"Q14997": {
"first_paragraph": "Achille Honor\u00e9 (Achiel) Van Acker uitspraak\u24d8 (Brugge, 8 april 1898 \u2013 aldaar, 10 juli 1975) was een Belgisch socialistisch politicus. Hij was viermaal premier van Belgi\u00eb.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1898-04-08",
"death_date": "1975-07-10",
"end_mandate": "1958-06-26",
"first_name": "Achille",
"id": "Q14997",
"last_name": "Van Acker",
"place_of_birth": "Bruges",
"start_mandate": "1954-04-23",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achiel_Van_Acker"
}
},
"Q14998": {
"first_paragraph": "Jean Joseph Camille Huysmans (ook Kamiel Huysmans genoemd (Bilzen, 26 mei 1871 - Antwerpen, 25 februari 1968), geboren als Camiel Hansen, was een Belgisch journalist en socialistisch politicus voor de BWP / BSP.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1871-05-26",
"death_date": "1968-02-25",
"end_mandate": "1947-03-20",
"first_name": "Camille",
"id": "Q14998",
"last_name": "Huysmans",
"place_of_birth": "Bilzen",
"start_mandate": "1946-08-03",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camille_Huysmans"
}
},
"Q14999": {
"first_paragraph": "Gaston Fran\u00e7ois Marie burggraaf Eyskens (Lier, 1 april 1905 \u2013 Leuven, 3 januari 1988) was drie maal christendemocratisch eerste minister van Belgi\u00eb in de periode tussen 1949 en 1973. Hij was de eerste Belgische regeringsleider die geboren was in de 20e eeuw.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1905-04-01",
"death_date": "1988-01-03",
"end_mandate": "1973-01-26",
"first_name": "Gaston",
"id": "Q14999",
"last_name": "Eyskens",
"place_of_birth": "Lier",
"start_mandate": "1968-07-17",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaston_Eyskens"
}
},
"Q15002": {
"first_paragraph": "Leonard Clemence (Leo) Tindemans (Zwijndrecht, 16 april 1922 \u2013 Edegem, 26 december 2014) was een Belgisch politicus voor de CVP en minister van staat. Hij was eerste minister van twee regeringen in Belgi\u00eb (periode van 25 april 1974 tot 20 oktober 1978) en behaalde het grootste aantal voorkeurstemmen in de Belgische geschiedenis bij de Europese verkiezingen van 1979. Daardoor kreeg hij de bijnaam \"de man van 1 miljoen stemmen\".[1]\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1922-04-16",
"death_date": "2014-12-26",
"end_mandate": "1978-10-20",
"first_name": "Leo",
"id": "Q15002",
"last_name": "Tindemans",
"place_of_birth": "Zwijndrecht",
"start_mandate": "1974-04-25",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Tindemans"
}
},
"Q15048": {
"first_paragraph": "Elio Di Rupo (Morlanwelz, 18 juli 1951) is een Belgische politicus voor de Parti Socialiste (PS). Van 6 december 2011 tot 11 oktober 2014 was hij premier van Belgi\u00eb en werd meermaals minister en minister-president van de Waalse Regering.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1951-07-18",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2014-10-11",
"first_name": "Elio",
"id": "Q15048",
"last_name": "Di Rupo",
"place_of_birth": "Morlanwelz",
"start_mandate": "2011-12-06",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elio_Di_Rupo"
}
},
"Q15056": {
"first_paragraph": "Jean Luc Joseph Marie Dehaene[5] uitspraak\u24d8 (Montpellier, 7 augustus 1940 \u2013 Quimper, 15 mei 2014) was van 1992 tot 1999 premier van Belgi\u00eb. Hij was lid van de toenmalige CVP (nu CD&V). Onder zijn regering werd Belgi\u00eb een volwaardige federale staat. Dehaene leidde twee coalitieregeringen met de socialisten en bekleedde verschillende ministerposten voor hij in 1992 eerste minister werd. Van 2000 tot 2007 was hij burgemeester van Vilvoorde. In 2002 werd hij voorgedragen als vicevoorzitter van de Europese Conventie.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1940-08-07",
"death_date": "2014-05-15",
"end_mandate": "1999-07-12",
"first_name": "Jean-Luc",
"id": "Q15056",
"last_name": "Dehaene",
"place_of_birth": "Montpellier",
"start_mandate": "1992-03-07",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_Dehaene"
}
},
"Q155691": {
"first_paragraph": "Paul-Henri Charles Spaak uitspraak\u24d8 (Schaarbeek, 25 januari 1899 - Eigenbrakel, 31 juli 1972) was een Belgisch socialistisch politicus en regeringsleider.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1899-01-25",
"death_date": "1972-07-31",
"end_mandate": "1949-08-11",
"first_name": "Paul-Henri",
"id": "Q155691",
"last_name": "Spaak",
"place_of_birth": "Schaerbeek - Schaarbeek",
"start_mandate": "1947-03-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul-Henri_Spaak"
}
},
"Q157": {
"first_paragraph": "Fran\u00e7ois Hollande [f\u0281\u0251\u0303swa \u0294\u0254l\u0251\u0303d][n 2] \u00c9couter, n\u00e9 le 12 ao\u00fbt 1954 \u00e0 Rouen (Seine-Inf\u00e9rieure), est un haut fonctionnaire et homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise du 15 mai 2012 au 14 mai 2017.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1954-08-12",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2017-05-14",
"first_name": "Fran\u00e7ois",
"id": "Q157",
"last_name": "Hollande",
"place_of_birth": "Rouen",
"start_mandate": "2012-05-15",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande"
}
},
"Q158749": {
"first_paragraph": "Albert Lebrun, n\u00e9 le 29 ao\u00fbt 1871 \u00e0 Mercy-le-Haut (alors en Moselle rest\u00e9e fran\u00e7aise apr\u00e8s le trait\u00e9 de Francfort) et mort le 6 mars 1950 \u00e0 Paris (alors dans le d\u00e9partement de la Seine), est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise du 10 mai 1932 au 11 juillet 1940 (le dernier de la IIIe\u00a0R\u00e9publique).\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1871-08-29",
"death_date": "1950-03-06",
"end_mandate": "1940-07-11",
"first_name": "Albert",
"id": "Q158749",
"last_name": "Lebrun",
"place_of_birth": "Mercy-le-Haut",
"start_mandate": "1932-05-10",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Lebrun"
}
},
"Q158768": {
"first_paragraph": "Ren\u00e9 Coty, n\u00e9 le 20 mars 1882 au Havre et mort le 22 novembre 1962 dans la m\u00eame ville, est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 16 janvier 1954 au 8 janvier 1959.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1882-03-20",
"death_date": "1962-11-22",
"end_mandate": "1959-01-08",
"first_name": "Ren\u00e9",
"id": "Q158768",
"last_name": "Coty",
"place_of_birth": "Le Havre",
"start_mandate": "1954-01-16",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Coty"
}
},
"Q158772": {
"first_paragraph": "Vincent Auriol, n\u00e9 le 27 ao\u00fbt 1884 \u00e0 Revel (Haute-Garonne) et mort le 1er janvier 1966 \u00e0 Paris, est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 16 janvier 1947 au 16 janvier 1954.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1884-08-27",
"death_date": "1966-01-01",
"end_mandate": "1954-01-16",
"first_name": "Vincent",
"id": "Q158772",
"last_name": "Auriol",
"place_of_birth": "Revel",
"start_mandate": "1947-01-16",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_Auriol"
}
},
"Q158838": {
"first_paragraph": "Patrice de Mac Mahon[b], comte de Mac Mahon, 1er duc de Magenta, mar\u00e9chal de France, n\u00e9 le 13 juin 1808 au ch\u00e2teau de Sully (Sa\u00f4ne-et-Loire) et mort le 17 octobre 1893 \u00e0 Montcresson (Loiret), est un militaire et homme d\u2019\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais, pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 24 mai 1873 au 30 janvier 1879.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1808-06-13",
"death_date": "1893-10-17",
"end_mandate": "1879-01-30",
"first_name": "Patrice",
"id": "Q158838",
"last_name": "de Mac Mahon",
"place_of_birth": "Sully",
"start_mandate": "1873-05-24",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrice_de_Mac_Mahon"
}
},
"Q15956": {
"first_paragraph": "Fran\u00e7ois Victor Marie Ghislain (Frans) Schollaert (Wilsele, 19 augustus 1851 - Sainte-Adresse, 25 juni 1917)[1] was een Belgisch katholiek politicus.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1851-08-19",
"death_date": "1917-06-29",
"end_mandate": "1911-06-17",
"first_name": "Frans",
"id": "Q15956",
"last_name": "Schollaert",
"place_of_birth": "Wilsele",
"start_mandate": "1908-01-09",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans_Schollaert"
}
},
"Q169502": {
"first_paragraph": "\u00c9mile Loubet, n\u00e9 le 30 d\u00e9cembre 1838 \u00e0 Marsanne (Dr\u00f4me) et mort le 20 d\u00e9cembre 1929 \u00e0 Mont\u00e9limar (Dr\u00f4me), est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise du 18 f\u00e9vrier 1899 au 18 f\u00e9vrier 1906.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1838-12-31",
"death_date": "1929-12-20",
"end_mandate": "1906-02-18",
"first_name": "\u00c9mile",
"id": "Q169502",
"last_name": "Loubet",
"place_of_birth": "Marsanne",
"start_mandate": "1899-02-18",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile_Loubet"
}
},
"Q18434995": {
"first_paragraph": "Sophie Wilm\u00e8s (Elsene, 15 januari 1975) is een Belgisch politica van de MR. Van 27 oktober 2019 tot 1 oktober 2020 was ze de eerste vrouwelijke premier van Belgi\u00eb.[1] Sinds 1 oktober 2020 is ze vicepremier en minister van Buitenlandse Zaken en Buitenlandse Handel. Om familiale redenen legde ze op 21 april 2022 haar bevoegdheden als minister tijdelijk neer. Op 15 juli 2022 legde ze haar functie definitief neer.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1975-01-15",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2020-10-01",
"first_name": "Sophie",
"id": "Q18434995",
"last_name": "Wilm\u00e8s",
"place_of_birth": "Ixelles - Elsene",
"start_mandate": "2019-10-27",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophie_Wilm%C3%A8s"
}
},
"Q191974": {
"first_paragraph": "Raymond Poincar\u00e9, du nom complet Raymond Nicolas Landry Poincar\u00e9, est n\u00e9 le 20 ao\u00fbt 1860 \u00e0 Bar-le-Duc (Meuse) et mort le 15 octobre 1934 \u00e0 Paris, est un avocat et homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est le pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise du 18 f\u00e9vrier 1913 au 18 f\u00e9vrier 1920.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1860-08-20",
"death_date": "1934-10-15",
"end_mandate": "1920-02-18",
"first_name": "Raymond",
"id": "Q191974",
"last_name": "Poincar\u00e9",
"place_of_birth": "Bar-le-Duc",
"start_mandate": "1913-02-18",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_Poincar%C3%A9"
}
},
"Q193874": {
"first_paragraph": "\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f (1327 \u0647\u0640 / 10 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1909\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633) [1] \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a (1381 \u0647\u0640 / 26 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1961\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637) \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 22 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1346 \u0647\u0640 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 17 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1927\u0645[2] \u0641\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 23 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1346 \u0647\u0640 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 18 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1927\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633 [3] \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1957\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (1953-1955)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1957\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1961\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u063a\u0634\u0642\u0631. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0634\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0645 16 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1955. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u064a\u0643\u0646\u0649: \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647.[1]\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1909-08-10",
"death_date": "1961-02-26",
"end_mandate": "1961-02-26",
"first_name": "Mohammed",
"id": "Q193874",
"last_name": "None",
"place_of_birth": "Fez",
"start_mandate": "1957-08-14",
"wikipedia_url": "https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81"
}
},
"Q202049": {
"first_paragraph": "Auguste Marie Fran\u00e7ois (August) Beernaert (Oostende, 26 juli 1829 \u2013 Luzern, 6 oktober 1912) was een Belgisch katholiek politicus en mensenrechtenactivist. In 1909 won hij de Nobelprijs voor de Vrede.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1829-07-26",
"death_date": "1912-10-06",
"end_mandate": "1894-03-26",
"first_name": "Auguste",
"id": "Q202049",
"last_name": "Beernaert",
"place_of_birth": "Ostend",
"start_mandate": "1884-10-26",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auguste_Beernaert"
}
},
"Q2038": {
"first_paragraph": "Fran\u00e7ois Mitterrand [f\u0281\u0251\u0303swa mit\u025b\u0281\u0251\u0303][n 1] \u00c9couter, n\u00e9 le 26 octobre 1916 \u00e0 Jarnac (Charente) et mort le 8 janvier 1996 \u00e0 Paris, est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais, pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 21 mai 1981 au 17 mai 1995.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1916-10-26",
"death_date": "1996-01-08",
"end_mandate": "1995-05-17",
"first_name": "Fran\u00e7ois",
"id": "Q2038",
"last_name": "Mitterrand",
"place_of_birth": "Jarnac",
"start_mandate": "1981-05-21",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand"
}
},
"Q2042": {
"first_paragraph": "Charles de Gaulle (/\u0283a\u0281l d\u0259 \u0261ol/[n 2] \u00c9couter), commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9 le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle ou parfois simplement le G\u00e9n\u00e9ral, n\u00e9 le 22 novembre 1890 \u00e0 Lille (Nord) et mort le 9 novembre 1970 \u00e0 Colombey-les-Deux-\u00c9glises (Haute-Marne), est un militaire, r\u00e9sistant, homme d'\u00c9tat et \u00e9crivain fran\u00e7ais.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1890-11-22",
"death_date": "1970-11-09",
"end_mandate": "1969-04-28",
"first_name": "Charles",
"id": "Q2042",
"last_name": "de Gaulle",
"place_of_birth": "Lille",
"start_mandate": "1959-01-08",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle"
}
},
"Q207": {
"first_paragraph": "George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as the 46th governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1946-07-06",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2009-01-20",
"first_name": "George",
"id": "Q207",
"last_name": "Bush",
"place_of_birth": "New Haven",
"start_mandate": "2001-01-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush"
}
},
"Q2105": {
"first_paragraph": "Jacques Chirac (/\u0292ak \u0283i\u0281ak/[b] \u00c9couter), n\u00e9 le 29 novembre 1932 dans le 5e\u00a0arrondissement de Paris et mort le 26 septembre 2019 dans le 6e arrondissement de la m\u00eame ville, est un haut fonctionnaire et homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est Premier ministre de 1974 \u00e0 1976, puis de 1986 \u00e0 1988, et pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique de 1995 \u00e0 2007.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1932-11-29",
"death_date": "2019-09-26",
"end_mandate": "2007-05-16",
"first_name": "Jacques",
"id": "Q2105",
"last_name": "Chirac",
"place_of_birth": "5th arrondissement of Paris",
"start_mandate": "1995-05-17",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Chirac"
}
},
"Q2124": {
"first_paragraph": "Val\u00e9ry Giscard d'Estaing [vale\u0281i \u0292iska\u0281 d\u025bst\u025b\u0303][d] \u00c9couter \u2014\u00a0commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0Giscard\u00a0\u00bb ou d\u00e9sign\u00e9 par ses initiales, \u00ab\u00a0VGE\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u2014, n\u00e9 le 2 f\u00e9vrier 1926 \u00e0 Coblence (Allemagne) et mort le 2 d\u00e9cembre 2020 \u00e0 Authon (France), est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais, pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique de 1974 \u00e0 1981.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1926-02-02",
"death_date": "2020-12-02",
"end_mandate": "1981-05-21",
"first_name": "Val\u00e9ry",
"id": "Q2124",
"last_name": "Giscard d'Estaing",
"place_of_birth": "Koblenz",
"start_mandate": "1974-05-27",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing"
}
},
"Q215778": {
"first_paragraph": "Marie Fran\u00e7ois Sadi Carnot, plus souvent appel\u00e9 Sadi Carnot, est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais, n\u00e9 le 11 ao\u00fbt 1837 \u00e0 Limoges et mort assassin\u00e9 le 25 juin 1894 \u00e0 Lyon. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 3 d\u00e9cembre 1887 \u00e0 sa mort.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1837-08-11",
"death_date": "1894-06-25",
"end_mandate": "1894-06-25",
"first_name": "Marie",
"id": "Q215778",
"last_name": "Carnot",
"place_of_birth": "Limoges",
"start_mandate": "1887-12-03",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadi_Carnot_(homme_d%27%C3%89tat)"
}
},
"Q2185": {
"first_paragraph": "Georges Pompidou (\u00c9couter), n\u00e9 le 5 juillet 1911 \u00e0 Montboudif (Cantal) et mort le 2 avril 1974 \u00e0 Paris, est un haut fonctionnaire et homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est Premier ministre du 14 avril 1962 au 10 juillet 1968 et pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 20 juin 1969 \u00e0 sa mort.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1911-07-05",
"death_date": "1974-04-02",
"end_mandate": "1974-04-02",
"first_name": "Georges",
"id": "Q2185",
"last_name": "Pompidou",
"place_of_birth": "Montboudif",
"start_mandate": "1969-06-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Pompidou"
}
},
"Q221781": {
"first_paragraph": "Th\u00e9odore Joseph Alb\u00e9ric Marie Lef\u00e8vre (Gent, 17 januari 1914 \u2013 Sint-Lambrechts-Woluwe, 18 september 1973) was een Belgisch politicus. Hij was premier van Belgi\u00eb van 1961 tot 1965, aan het hoofd van de regering Lef\u00e8vre-Spaak.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1914-01-17",
"death_date": "1973-09-18",
"end_mandate": "1965-07-28",
"first_name": "Th\u00e9odore",
"id": "Q221781",
"last_name": "Lef\u00e8vre",
"place_of_birth": "Ghent",
"start_mandate": "1961-04-25",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9o_Lef%C3%A8vre"
}
},
"Q22686": {
"first_paragraph": "Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021. \n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1946-06-14",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2021-01-20",
"first_name": "Donald",
"id": "Q22686",
"last_name": "Trump",
"place_of_birth": "Jamaica Hospital Medical Center",
"start_mandate": "2017-01-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump"
}
},
"Q23": {
"first_paragraph": "George Washington (February 22, 1732\u00a0\u2013 December 14, 1799) was an American Founding Father, military officer, politician and statesman who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Second Continental Congress as commander of the Continental Army in 1775, Washington led Patriot forces to victory in the American Revolutionary War and then served as president of the Constitutional Convention in 1787, which drafted and ratified the Constitution of the United States and established the U.S. federal government. Washington has thus been called the \"Father of the Nation\".\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1732-02-22",
"death_date": "1799-12-14",
"end_mandate": "1797-03-04",
"first_name": "George",
"id": "Q23",
"last_name": "Washington",
"place_of_birth": "Westmoreland County",
"start_mandate": "1789-04-30",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington"
}
},
"Q23505": {
"first_paragraph": "George Herbert Walker Bush[a] (June 12, 1924 \u2013 November 30, 2018) was an American politician, diplomat,[2] and businessman who served as the 41st president of the United States from 1989 to 1993. A member of the Republican Party, he also served as the 43rd vice president from 1981 to 1989 under Ronald Reagan, and in various other federal positions prior to that.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1924-06-12",
"death_date": "2018-11-30",
"end_mandate": "1993-01-20",
"first_name": "George",
"id": "Q23505",
"last_name": "Bush",
"place_of_birth": "Milton",
"start_mandate": "1989-01-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_H._W._Bush"
}
},
"Q23530": {
"first_paragraph": "\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435:\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1965-09-14",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "2012-05-07",
"first_name": "Dmitry",
"id": "Q23530",
"last_name": "Medvedev",
"place_of_birth": "Saint Petersburg",
"start_mandate": "2008-05-07",
"wikipedia_url": "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87"
}
},
"Q23685": {
"first_paragraph": "James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician and humanitarian who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, Carter was the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975, and a Georgia state senator from 1963 to 1967. At age 99, he is both the oldest living former U.S. president and the longest-lived president in U.S. history. \n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1924-10-01",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": "1981-01-20",
"first_name": "Jimmy",
"id": "Q23685",
"last_name": "Carter",
"place_of_birth": "Lillian G. Carter Nursing Center",
"start_mandate": "1977-01-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Carter"
}
},
"Q250021": {
"first_paragraph": "Paul Emile Fran\u00e7ois Henri Vanden Boeynants (Vorst, 22 mei 1919 \u2013 Aalst, 8 januari 2001), in de media en door hemzelf bijgenaamd 'VDB', was een Belgisch volksvertegenwoordiger, minister en premier. Als ondernemer was hij actief in de vleesindustrie.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1919-05-22",
"death_date": "2001-01-09",
"end_mandate": "1979-04-03",
"first_name": "Paul",
"id": "Q250021",
"last_name": "None",
"place_of_birth": "Forest",
"start_mandate": "1978-10-20",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Vanden_Boeynants"
}
},
"Q274540": {
"first_paragraph": "Alexandre Millerand, n\u00e9 le 10 f\u00e9vrier 1859 \u00e0 Paris et mort le 6 avril 1943 \u00e0 Versailles, est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident du Conseil du 20 janvier au 23 septembre 1920, puis pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 23 septembre 1920 au 11 juin 1924.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1859-02-10",
"death_date": "1943-04-06",
"end_mandate": "1924-06-11",
"first_name": "Alexandre",
"id": "Q274540",
"last_name": "Millerand",
"place_of_birth": "Paris",
"start_mandate": "1920-09-23",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre_Millerand"
}
},
"Q289570": {
"first_paragraph": "Etienne Constantin baron de Gerlache (Biourge, 25 december 1785 - Elsene, 10 februari 1871) was advocaat, politicus en magistraat in het Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden en in Belgi\u00eb.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1785-12-26",
"death_date": "1871-02-10",
"end_mandate": "1831-03-10",
"first_name": "\u00c9tienne",
"id": "Q289570",
"last_name": "Gerlache",
"place_of_birth": "Ch\u00e2teau of Biourge",
"start_mandate": "1831-02-27",
"wikipedia_url": "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etienne_de_Gerlache"
}
},
"Q296064": {
"first_paragraph": "Gaston Doumergue, n\u00e9 le 1er ao\u00fbt 1863 \u00e0 Aigues-Vives (Gard) et mort le 18 juin 1937 dans la m\u00eame ville, est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise du 13 juin 1924 au 13 juin 1931.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1863-08-01",
"death_date": "1937-06-18",
"end_mandate": "1931-06-13",
"first_name": "Gaston",
"id": "Q296064",
"last_name": "Doumergue",
"place_of_birth": "Aigues-Vives",
"start_mandate": "1924-06-13",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaston_Doumergue"
}
},
"Q296076": {
"first_paragraph": "F\u00e9lix Faure, n\u00e9 le 30 janvier 1841 \u00e0 Paris et mort le 16 f\u00e9vrier 1899 dans la m\u00eame ville, est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 17 janvier 1895 \u00e0 sa mort.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1841-01-30",
"death_date": "1899-02-16",
"end_mandate": "1899-02-16",
"first_name": "F\u00e9lix",
"id": "Q296076",
"last_name": "Faure",
"place_of_birth": "Paris",
"start_mandate": "1895-01-17",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Faure"
}
},
"Q296083": {
"first_paragraph": "Fran\u00e7ois Judith Paul Gr\u00e9vy, n\u00e9 le 15 ao\u00fbt 1807 \u00e0 Mont-sous-Vaudrey et mort le 9 septembre 1891 dans la m\u00eame commune, est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais, pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 30 janvier 1879 au 2 d\u00e9cembre 1887.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1807-08-15",
"death_date": "1891-09-09",
"end_mandate": "1887-12-02",
"first_name": "Jules",
"id": "Q296083",
"last_name": "Gr\u00e9vy",
"place_of_birth": "Mont-sous-Vaudrey",
"start_mandate": "1879-01-30",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules_Gr%C3%A9vy"
}
},
"Q296673": {
"first_paragraph": "Armand Falli\u00e8res, n\u00e9 le 6 novembre 1841 \u00e0 M\u00e9zin (Lot-et-Garonne) et mort le 22 juin 1931 \u00e0 Villeneuve-de-M\u00e9zin (Lot-et-Garonne), est un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais, pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise de 1906 \u00e0 1913.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1841-11-06",
"death_date": "1931-06-22",
"end_mandate": "1913-02-18",
"first_name": "Cl\u00e9ment",
"id": "Q296673",
"last_name": "Falli\u00e8res",
"place_of_birth": "M\u00e9zin",
"start_mandate": "1906-02-18",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Falli%C3%A8res"
}
},
"Q3052772": {
"first_paragraph": "Emmanuel Macron (/\u025bman\u0265\u025bl mak\u0281\u0254\u0303/[e] \u00c9couter), n\u00e9 le 21 d\u00e9cembre 1977 \u00e0 Amiens (Somme), est un haut fonctionnaire et homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais. Il est pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique fran\u00e7aise depuis le 14 mai 2017.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1977-12-21",
"death_date": null,
"end_mandate": null,
"first_name": "Emmanuel",
"id": "Q3052772",
"last_name": "Macron",
"place_of_birth": "Amiens",
"start_mandate": "2017-05-14",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron"
}
},
"Q309995": {
"first_paragraph": "Paul Deschanel, n\u00e9 le 13 f\u00e9vrier 1855 \u00e0 Schaerbeek (Belgique) et mort le 28 avril 1922 \u00e0 Paris (France), est un homme d'\u00c9tat, journaliste et \u00e9crivain fran\u00e7ais, pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique du 18 f\u00e9vrier au 21 septembre 1920.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1855-02-13",
"death_date": "1922-04-28",
"end_mandate": "1920-09-21",
"first_name": "Paul",
"id": "Q309995",
"last_name": "Deschanel",
"place_of_birth": "Schaerbeek - Schaarbeek",
"start_mandate": "1920-02-18",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Deschanel"
}
},
"Q312026": {
"first_paragraph": "Georges Bidault, n\u00e9 le 5 octobre 1899 \u00e0 Moulins (Allier) et mort le 27 janvier 1983 \u00e0 Cambo-les-Bains (Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es-Atlantiques), est un r\u00e9sistant et un homme d'\u00c9tat fran\u00e7ais.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1899-10-05",
"death_date": "1983-01-27",
"end_mandate": "1946-10-14",
"first_name": "Georges",
"id": "Q312026",
"last_name": "Bidault",
"place_of_birth": "Moulins",
"start_mandate": "1946-06-24",
"wikipedia_url": "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Bidault"
}
},
"Q313809": {
"first_paragraph": "Wilfried Achiel Emma Martens uitspraak\u24d8 (Sleidinge, 19 april 1936 \u2013 Lokeren, 9 oktober 2013) was een Vlaams-Belgische politicus voor de CD&V (vroeger CVP) en was van april 1979 tot maart 1992 (met een korte onderbreking) eerste minister van Belgi\u00eb.\n",
"leader_info": {
"birth_date": "1936-04-19",
"death_date": "2013-10-09",