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No longer in active development

RootCommands is no longer in active development. If you like to take over the maintaining, simply fork it and implement fixes. I will only do basic maintenance like merging pull requests and releasing new versions.

RootCommands

This is a library to simplify the usage of root commands on the Android OS. It is a Java wrapper around native binaries shipped with every Android OS, but can also be used to package and execute your own native binaries.

Use library as Gradle dependency (Android library project)

  1. Copy libraries/RootCommands to your project and include it in settings.gradle (see https://github.com/dschuermann/root-commands/blob/master/settings.gradle)
  2. Add dependency compile project(':libraries:RootCommands') to your project build.gradle. (see https://github.com/dschuermann/root-commands/blob/master/ExampleApp/build.gradle)

Examples

To see RootCommands in action, compile the RootCommands Demo project and observe the logcat output.

Debug Mode

You can enable debug logging in RootCommands by the following line:

RootCommands.DEBUG = true;

Root Access check

This tries to find the su binary, opens a root shell and checks for root uid.

if (RootCommands.rootAccessGiven()) {
    // your code
}

Simple Commands

You can instantiate SimpleCommands with the shell commands you want to execute. This is a very basic approach of executing something on a shell.

// start root shell
Shell shell = Shell.startRootShell();

// simple commands
SimpleCommand command0 = new SimpleCommand("echo this is a command",
        "echo this is another command");
SimpleCommand command1 = new SimpleCommand("toolbox ls");
SimpleCommand command2 = new SimpleCommand("ls -la /system/etc/hosts");

shell.add(command0).waitForFinish();
shell.add(command1).waitForFinish();
shell.add(command2).waitForFinish();

Log.d(TAG, "Output of command2: " + command2.getOutput());
Log.d(TAG, "Exit code of command2: " + command2.getExitCode());

// close root shell
shell.close();

Define your own commands

For more complex commands you can extend the Command class to parse the output while the shell executes the command.

private class MyCommand extends Command {
    private static final String LINE = "hosts";
    boolean found = false;

    public MyCommand() {
        super("ls -la /system/etc/");
    }

    public boolean isFound() {
        return found;
    }

    @Override
    public void output(int id, String line) {
        if (line.contains(LINE)) {
            Log.d(TAG, "Found it!");
            found = true;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void afterExecution(int id, int exitCode) {
    }

}
// start root shell
Shell shell = Shell.startRootShell();

// custom command classes:
MyCommand myCommand = new MyCommand();
shell.add(myCommand).waitForFinish();

Log.d(TAG, "myCommand.isFound(): " + myCommand.isFound());

// close root shell
shell.close();

Toolbox

Toolbox is similar to busybox, but normally shipped on every Android OS. You can find toolbox commands on https://github.com/CyanogenMod/android_system_core/tree/ics/toolbox . This means that these commands are designed to work on every Android OS, with a working toolbox binary on it. They don't require busybox!

The Toolbox class is based on this toolbox executeable and provides some nice commands as java methods like:

  • isRootAccessGiven()
  • killAll(String processName)
  • isProcessRunning(String processName)
  • getFilePermissions(String file)
  • setFilePermissions(String file, String permissions)
  • getSymlink(String file)
  • copyFile(String source, String destination, boolean remountAsRw, boolean preservePermissions)
  • reboot(int action)
  • withWritePermissions(String file, WithPermissions withWritePermission)
  • setSystemClock(long millis)
  • remount(String file, String mountType)
  • ...
Shell shell = Shell.startRootShell();

Toolbox tb = new Toolbox(shell);

if (tb.isRootAccessGiven()) {
    Log.d(TAG, "Root access given!");
} else {
    Log.d(TAG, "No root access!");
}

Log.d(TAG, tb.getFilePermissions("/system/etc/hosts"));

shell.close();

Executables

Android APKs are normally not designed to include native executables. But they are designed to include native libraries for different architectures, which are deployed when the app is installed on the device. Androids mechanism will deploy the proper native library based on the architecture of the device. This method only deploys files that are named like lib*.so, which are included from the libs folder of your project.

We are missusing Androids library method to deploy our native executables, by renaming them after compilation, so that they are included in the apk and deployed based on the architecture.

Note: Permission and owner of deployed files: -rwxr-xr-x system system 38092 2012-09-24 19:51 libhello_world_exec.so

  1. Put the sources of the native executables into the jni folder as seen in https://github.com/dschuermann/root-commands/tree/master/ExampleApp/jni
  2. Write your own Android.mk and Application.mk
  3. To automate the renaming process I propose a Gradle task: https://github.com/dschuermann/root-commands/blob/master/ExampleApp/build.gradle . This will rename the files from * to lib*_bin.so.
  4. Execute ndk-build to build executables
  5. Execute gradle renameExecutables
  6. Execute gradle build

Now that your executables are bundled, you can use our SimpleExecutableCommand like in the following example:

SimpleExecutableCommand execCommand = new SimpleExecutableCommand(this, "hello_world", "");

// started as normal shell without root, but you can also start your executables on a root
// shell if you need more privileges!
Shell shell = Shell.startShell();

shell.add(execCommand).waitForFinish();

Toolbox tb = new Toolbox(shell);
if (tb.killAllBinary("hello_world")) {
    Log.d(TAG, "Hello World daemon killed!");
} else {
    Log.d(TAG, "Killing failed!");
}

shell.close();

Contribute

Fork RootCommands and do a Pull Request. I will merge your changes back into the main project.

Other Documentation

Other Root libraries

Authors

RootCommands is based on several other open source projects, thus several authors are involved:

  • Dominik Schürmann (RootCommands)
  • Michael Elsdörfer (Android Autostarts)
  • Stephen Erickson, Chris Ravenscroft, Adam Shanks, Jeremy Lakeman (RootTools)