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<title>Opening Government Data in India</title>
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<li><a href="report/report_summary.html">Executive Summary</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_01_introduction.html">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_02_methodology_01.html">Methodology - Why Data Intermediary Organisations?</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_02_methodology_02.html">Methodology - Data Intermediary Organisations</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_02_methodology_03.html">Methodology - Identifying Organisations</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_02_methodology_04.html">Methodology - List of Organisations Surveyed</a></li>
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<li><a href="report/report_04_themes_01.html">Key Themes - Open Data Community in India</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_04_themes_02.html">Key Themes - Accessing Government Data</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_04_themes_03.html">Key Themes - Sharing Government Data</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_04_themes_04.html">Key Themes - Right to Information and Open Data</a></li>
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<li><a href="papers/towards_an_expanded_and_integrated_ogd_agenda_for_india.html">Towards an Expanded and Integrated Open Government Data Agenda for India</a></li>
<li><a href="papers/access_and_use_of_government_data_in_india.html">Access and Use of Government Data by Research and Advocacy Organisations in India:<br />A Survey of (Potential) Open Data Ecosystem</a></li>
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<li><a href="posts/2014.07.14_meeting.html">Poster and Slides from the Final Network Meeting, Berlin, July 2014</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2014.05.05_icegov_2013.html">Policy, Ecosystem and Impact: Discussions of Open Government Data at ICEGOV 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.11.03_internet_gov.html">Can Open Data Open Up Internet Governance?</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.11.03_ogd_agenda.html">Towards an Expanded and Integrated Open Government Data Agenda for India</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.08.21_notes.html">Research Notes from the Asian Regional Meeting of ODDC Network, New Delhi, 16-18 July 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.06.25_survey.html">Invitation to the Survey of Open Data Practices in India</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.06.23_research_plan.html">Mediating Access and Use of Open Data in India: Reformulating the Research Plan</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.28_meeting.html">Tweets, Photographs and Slides from the ODDC Network Meeting, 24-26 April 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.26_word_cloud.html">Word Cloud of #ODDC Tweets</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.25_meeting.html">ODDC Network Meeting, London, April 2013: Slides and Hand-Out</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.21_notes.html">Notes from Workshop organised by NDSAP-PMU, NIC on 4th April 2013</a></li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.21_introduction.html">Introducing the Project</a></li>
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<li><a href="resources/mapping_data_practices.html">Mapping Access, Use and Sharing of Government Data in India</a></li>
<li><a href="resources/timeline.html">Open Government Data in India - Timeline</a></li>
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<h1>Opening Government Data through Mediation:<br />Exploring Roles, Practices and Strategies of (Potential) Data Intermediary Organisations in India</h1>
<p>A study by <a href="http://ajantriks.net/" target="_blank">Sumandro Chattapadhyay</a><br />Part of the <a href="http://www.opendataresearch.org/emergingimpacts" target="_blank">Exploring the Emerging Impacts of Open Data in Developing Countries</a> research network<br />Supported by <a href="http://www.webfoundation.org/" target="_blank">World Wide Web Foundation</a> and <a href="http://web.idrc.ca/" target="_blank">International Development Research Centre, Canada</a></p>
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<div id="content">
<h2>Introducing the Project</h2>
<p>In early 2012, Government of India approved the first policy in the country governing proactive disclosure of government data, and especially of born-digital and digitised data. This <a href="http://data.gov.in/sites/default/files/NDSAP.pdf" target="_blank">National Data Sharing and Accessibility Policy (NDSAP)</a> extends the mandate of the Right to Information (RTI) Act to establish policy and administrative support to enable informed citizenship, better decision-making and heightened transparency and accountability.</p>
<p>The open government data agenda and its implementation in India, however, remains still too young to make possible a study of its outcomes and impacts. This study, hence, explores not the outcomes of the NDSAP or the Open Government Data Platform of India as such, but the existing practices of accessing and using government data in India to understand what challenges this Policy and its implementations should respond to, and what available opportunities can be mobilised towards an effective open data agenda.</p>
<p>The study explores the actual practices around government data by various (non-governmental) “data intermediary organisations” on one hand, and implementation challenges faced by managers of the <a href="http://data.gov.in/" target="_blank">Open Government Data Platform of India</a> on the other, so as to identify possible areas of policy modification, capacity building, community organisation, and alignment of efforts.</p>
<p>The proposed study aims to achieve the following goals:</p>
<ul>
<li>To undertake a provisional mapping of government data related activities across different sectors to understand the nature of the “open data community” in India,</li>
<li>To enrich government data/information policy discussion in India by gathering evidence and experience of (non-governmental) data intermediaries regarding their actual practices of accessing and sharing government data, and their utilisation of the provisions of NDSAP and RTI act, and</li>
<li>To critically reflect on the nature of open data practices in India.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Report</h2>
<h3>Download (.pdf):</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="report/sumandro_oddc_executive_summary.pdf" target="_blank">Executive Summary</a></li>
<li><a href="report/sumandro_oddc_project_report.pdf" target="_blank">Project Report</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>Read (.html)</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="report/report_summary.html">Executive Summary</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_01_introduction.html">Introduction</a></p>
<li><a href="report/report_02_methodology_01.html">Methodology - Why Data Intermediary Organisations?</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_02_methodology_02.html">Methodology - Data Intermdiary Organisations</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_02_methodology_03.html">Methodology - Identifying Organisations</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_02_methodology_04.html">Methodology - List of Organisations Surveyed</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_02_methodology_05.html">Methodology - Survey Questionnaire</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_03_ndsap_ogdpi.html">Open Government Data Policy and Platform in India</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_04_themes_01.html">Key Themes - Open Government Data Community in India</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_04_themes_02.html">Key Themes - Accessing Government Data</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_04_themes_03.html">Key Themes - Sharing Government Data</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_04_themes_04.html">Key Themes - Right to Information and Open Data</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_04_themes_05.html">Key Themes - Challeges in Opening Up Government Data in India</a></li>
<li><a href="report/report_05_conclusion.html">Conclusion</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>Resources</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="resources/mapping_data_practices.html">Mapping Access, Use and Sharing of Government Data in India</a></li>
<li><a href="resources/timeline.html">Timeline of Open Government Data in India</a></li>
<li><a href="resources/sumandro_oddc_questionnaire_final.pdf" target="_blank">Survey Questionnaire Used in the Study</a> (.pdf)</li>
</ul>
<h2>Papers</h2>
<p>Two academic papers have been written as part of this study. The first was presented at the <a href="http://www.icegov2013.icegov.org/" target="_blank">Seventh International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance</a> (ICEGOV) held in Seoul, Republic of Korea, in October 2013. It has been published as part of the Conference Proceedings by ACM Digital Library. The second paper has been presented at the <a href="http://icegov.org/" target="_blank">Eighth ICEGOV</a> held in Lisbon, Portugal, in October 2014.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="papers/towards_an_expanded_and_integrated_ogd_agenda_for_india.html">Towards an Expanded and Integrated Open Government Data Agenda for India</a> (Presented at ICEGOV 2013)</li>
<li><a href="papers/access_and_use_of_government_data_in_india.html">Access and Use of Government Data by Research and Advocacy Organisations in India: A Survey of (Potential) Open Data Ecosystem</a> (Presented at ICEGOV 2014)</li>
</ul>
<p>A third academic paper is in the process of writing.</p>
<h2>Posts</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="posts/2014.07.14_meeting.html">Poster and Slides from the Final Network Meeting, Berlin, July 2014</a> (July 14, 2014)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2014.05.05_icegov_2013.html">Policy, Ecosystem and Impact: Discussions of Open Government Data at ICEGOV 2013</a> (May 05, 2014)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.11.03_internet_gov.html">Can Open Data Open Up Internet Governance?</a> (November 03, 2013)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.11.03_ogd_agenda.html">Towards an Expanded and Integrated Open Government Data Agenda for India</a> (November 03, 2013)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.08.21_notes.html">Research Notes from the Asian Regional Meeting of ODDC Network, New Delhi, 16-18 July 2013</a> (August 21, 2013)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.06.25_survey.html">Invitation to the Survey of Open Data Practices in India</a> (June 25, 2013)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.06.23_research_plan.html">Mediating Access and Use of Open Data in India: Reformulating the Research Plan</a> (June 23, 2013)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.28_meeting.html">Tweets, Photographs and Slides from the ODDC Network Meeting, 24-26 April 2013</a> (April 28, 2013)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.26_word_cloud.html">Word Cloud of #ODDC Tweets</a> (April 26, 2013)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.25_meeting.html">ODDC Network Meeting, London, April 2013 - Slides and Hand-Out</a> (April 25, 2013)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.21_notes.html"> Notes from Workshop organised by NDSAP-PMU, NIC on 4th April 2013</a> (April 21, 2013)</li>
<li><a href="posts/2013.04.21_introduction.html"> Introducing the Project</a> (April 21, 2013)</li></ul>
<a id="about"></a>
<h2>About the Study</h2>
<p> The study was undertaken by <a href="http://ajantriks.net/" target="_blank">Sumandro Chattapadhyay</a>. It was mentored by <a href="http://gurstein.wordpress.com/" target="_blank">Michael Gurstein</a>; and was initially conceptualised by Sumandro and Zainab Bawa of <a href="http://hasgeek.com/" target="_blank">HasGeek Media LLP</a>.</p>
<p>It was funded by the <a href="http://www.opendataresearch.org/emergingimpacts" target="_blank">Exploring the Emerging Impacts of Open Data in Developing Countries</a> (ODDC) research network managed by the <a href="http://www.webfoundation.org/" target="_blank">World Wide Web Foundation</a> and supported by grant 107075 from the <a href="http://web.idrc.ca/" target="_blank">International Development Research Centre</a>, Canada.</p>
<p><a href="http://akvo.org/" target="_blank">Amitangshu Acharya</a>, <a href="http://hydlab.in/" target="_blank">Anant Maringanti</a>, <a href="http://www.transparentchennai.com/" target="_blank">Avni Rastogi</a>, <a href="http://www.prsindia.org/" target="_blank">Chakshu Roy</a>, <a href="http://niua.org/" target="_blank">Debjani Ghosh</a>, <a href="https://klp.org.in/" target="_blank">Gautam John</a>, <a href="http://akvo.org/" target="_blank">Isha Parihar</a>, <a href="http://adrindia.org/" target="_blank">K. Srinivasulu</a>, <a href="http://www.cseindia.org/" target="_blank">Kiran Pandey</a>, <a href="http://www.teriin.org/" target="_blank">P.K. Bhattacharya</a>, <a href="http://www.transparentchennai.com/" target="_blank">Prabhu Raja</a>, <a href="http://cis-india.org/" target="_blank">Pranesh Prakash</a>, <a href="http://www.strandls.com/" target="_blank">R. Prabhakar</a>, <a href="http://www.transparentchennai.com/" target="_blank">Satyarupa Shekhar</a>, <a href="http://www.cbgaindia.org/" target="_blank">Sona Mitra</a>, <a href="http://www.asercentre.org/" target="_blank">Suman Bhattacharjea</a>, <a href="http://adrindia.org/" target="_blank">Sushmita Samaddar</a>, <a href="http://www.transparentchennai.com/" target="_blank">Vinaya Padmanabhan</a>, and <a href="http://accountabilityindia.org/" target="_blank">Yamini Aiyar</a> generously shared experiences and insights that formed the very basis of this study.</p>
<p>Neeta Verma, Alka Mishra, <a href="https://twitter.com/DurgaPrMisra" target="_blank">Durga Prasad Misra</a>, and <a href="https://twitter.com/fakenisha/" target="_blank">Nisha Thompson</a> provided a rare opportunity to understand the open government data practices in India from great proximity, and continued to enrich the work through their suggestions. <a href="http://www.opendataimpacts.net/" target="_blank">Tim Davies</a> offered insighful comments and enormous patience, without which this study could not have been possible. The author is grateful to <a href="http://independent.academia.edu/shreyaghosh" target="_blank">Shreya Ghosh</a> for critical support.</p>
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<p>Unless mentioned otherwise, all content is (a) authored by <a href="http://ajantriks.net/" target="_blank">Sumandro Chattapadhyay</a>, (b) co-owned by the author, World Wide Web Foundation, and International Development Research Centre, Canada, and (c) shared under Creative Commons <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" target="_blank">Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International</a> license.
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