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The current PyGame release, 1.9.6 doesn't support Python 3.9. I fyou don't want to wait for PyGame 2.0, you have to use Python 3.8. Alternatively, you can install a developer version by explicitly specifying the version (2.0.0.dev20 is the latest release at the time of writing):
pip install pygame==2.0.0.dev20
or try to install a pre-release version by enabling the --pre option:
pip install pygame --pre
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It is not enough to put the files in the same directory or sub directory. You also need to set the working directory.
The resource (image, font, sound, etc.) file path has to be relative to the current working directory. The working directory is possibly different to the directory of the python script.
The name and relative path of the python file can be retrieved with __file__. So the absolute path to the python script is os.path.abspath(__file__)). The current working directory can be changed with os.chdir(path).
The current working directory can be get by os.getcwd() and can be print with print(os.getcwd()).
Copy the following at the beginning of your code to set the working directory to the same as the script's directory:
import os
os.chdir(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))An alternative solution is to find the absolute path.
If the file is in an subfolder of the python file (or even in the same folder), then you can get the directory of the file and join (os.path.join()) the relative filepath. e.g.:
import pygame
import os
# get the directory of this file
sourceFileDir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
# [...]
# join the filepath and the filename
filePath = os.path.join(sourceFileDir, 'test_bg.jpg')
# filePath = os.path.join(sourceFileDir, '_pycache_/test_bg.jpg')
surface = pygame.image.load(filePath)The same can be achieved with the pathlib module.
Change the working directory
import os, pathlib
os.chdir(pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve().parent)or create an absolute filepath:
import pathlib
# [...]
filePath = pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve().parent / 'test_bg.jpg'
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In Python, a variable declared outside of the function or in global scope is known as a global variable. This means that a global variable can be accessed inside or outside of the function.
A variable declared inside the function's body or in the local scope is known as a local variable.
Reading a local variable x before it is declared causes the error:
UnboundLocalError: local variable
xreferenced before assignment
You have to use the global statement if you want to be interpret the variable as global variable.
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