42 Barplots.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Bar plots in ggplot\n",
    "\n",
    "Bar plots and histograms are very similar, but bar plots show discrete values while histograms show continuous data that has been binned.\n",
    "\n",
    "Histograms normally have no spaces in between the bars to show that the data is continuous while bar charts have spaces to show that the data is discrete\n",
    "<img src=\"https://keydifferences.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/bar-graph-vs-histogram.jpg\">\n",
    "\n",
    "By default, geom_bar uses stat=\"count\" which makes the height of the bar proportion to the number of cases in each group (or if the weight aethetic is supplied, the sum of the weights). If you want the heights of the bars to represent values in the data, use stat=\"identity\" and map a variable to the y aesthetic.\n",
    "\n",
    "There isn't a really simple,nice way to do this with qplot, so we'll skip straigh to using ggplot.\n",
    "\n",
    "Let's see how we can create them using the built-in mpg dataset.\n",
    "\n",
    "## ggplot()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<table>\n",
       "<caption>A tibble: 6 × 11</caption>\n",
       "<thead>\n",
       "\t<tr><th scope=col>manufacturer</th><th scope=col>model</th><th scope=col>displ</th><th scope=col>year</th><th scope=col>cyl</th><th scope=col>trans</th><th scope=col>drv</th><th scope=col>cty</th><th scope=col>hwy</th><th scope=col>fl</th><th scope=col>class</th></tr>\n",
       "\t<tr><th scope=col>&lt;chr&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;chr&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;dbl&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;int&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;int&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;chr&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;chr&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;int&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;int&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;chr&gt;</th><th scope=col>&lt;chr&gt;</th></tr>\n",
       "</thead>\n",
       "<tbody>\n",
       "\t<tr><td>audi</td><td>a4</td><td>1.8</td><td>1999</td><td>4</td><td>auto(l5)  </td><td>f</td><td>18</td><td>29</td><td>p</td><td>compact</td></tr>\n",
       "\t<tr><td>audi</td><td>a4</td><td>1.8</td><td>1999</td><td>4</td><td>manual(m5)</td><td>f</td><td>21</td><td>29</td><td>p</td><td>compact</td></tr>\n",
       "\t<tr><td>audi</td><td>a4</td><td>2.0</td><td>2008</td><td>4</td><td>manual(m6)</td><td>f</td><td>20</td><td>31</td><td>p</td><td>compact</td></tr>\n",
       "\t<tr><td>audi</td><td>a4</td><td>2.0</td><td>2008</td><td>4</td><td>auto(av)  </td><td>f</td><td>21</td><td>30</td><td>p</td><td>compact</td></tr>\n",
       "\t<tr><td>audi</td><td>a4</td><td>2.8</td><td>1999</td><td>6</td><td>auto(l5)  </td><td>f</td><td>16</td><td>26</td><td>p</td><td>compact</td></tr>\n",
       "\t<tr><td>audi</td><td>a4</td><td>2.8</td><td>1999</td><td>6</td><td>manual(m5)</td><td>f</td><td>18</td><td>26</td><td>p</td><td>compact</td></tr>\n",
       "</tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n"
      ],
      "text/latex": [
       "A tibble: 6 × 11\n",
       "\\begin{tabular}{lllllllllll}\n",
       " manufacturer & model & displ & year & cyl & trans & drv & cty & hwy & fl & class\\\\\n",
       " <chr> & <chr> & <dbl> & <int> & <int> & <chr> & <chr> & <int> & <int> & <chr> & <chr>\\\\\n",
       "\\hline\n",
       "\t audi & a4 & 1.8 & 1999 & 4 & auto(l5)   & f & 18 & 29 & p & compact\\\\\n",
       "\t audi & a4 & 1.8 & 1999 & 4 & manual(m5) & f & 21 & 29 & p & compact\\\\\n",
       "\t audi & a4 & 2.0 & 2008 & 4 & manual(m6) & f & 20 & 31 & p & compact\\\\\n",
       "\t audi & a4 & 2.0 & 2008 & 4 & auto(av)   & f & 21 & 30 & p & compact\\\\\n",
       "\t audi & a4 & 2.8 & 1999 & 6 & auto(l5)   & f & 16 & 26 & p & compact\\\\\n",
       "\t audi & a4 & 2.8 & 1999 & 6 & manual(m5) & f & 18 & 26 & p & compact\\\\\n",
       "\\end{tabular}\n"
      ],
      "text/markdown": [
       "\n",
       "A tibble: 6 × 11\n",
       "\n",
       "| manufacturer &lt;chr&gt; | model &lt;chr&gt; | displ &lt;dbl&gt; | year &lt;int&gt; | cyl &lt;int&gt; | trans &lt;chr&gt; | drv &lt;chr&gt; | cty &lt;int&gt; | hwy &lt;int&gt; | fl &lt;chr&gt; | class &lt;chr&gt; |\n",
       "|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n",
       "| audi | a4 | 1.8 | 1999 | 4 | auto(l5)   | f | 18 | 29 | p | compact |\n",
       "| audi | a4 | 1.8 | 1999 | 4 | manual(m5) | f | 21 | 29 | p | compact |\n",
       "| audi | a4 | 2.0 | 2008 | 4 | manual(m6) | f | 20 | 31 | p | compact |\n",
       "| audi | a4 | 2.0 | 2008 | 4 | auto(av)   | f | 21 | 30 | p | compact |\n",
       "| audi | a4 | 2.8 | 1999 | 6 | auto(l5)   | f | 16 | 26 | p | compact |\n",
       "| audi | a4 | 2.8 | 1999 | 6 | manual(m5) | f | 18 | 26 | p | compact |\n",
       "\n"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  manufacturer model displ year cyl trans      drv cty hwy fl class  \n",
       "1 audi         a4    1.8   1999 4   auto(l5)   f   18  29  p  compact\n",
       "2 audi         a4    1.8   1999 4   manual(m5) f   21  29  p  compact\n",
       "3 audi         a4    2.0   2008 4   manual(m6) f   20  31  p  compact\n",
       "4 audi         a4    2.0   2008 4   auto(av)   f   21  30  p  compact\n",
       "5 audi         a4    2.8   1999 6   auto(l5)   f   16  26  p  compact\n",
       "6 audi         a4    2.8   1999 6   manual(m5) f   18  26  p  compact"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Classes 'tbl_df', 'tbl' and 'data.frame':\t234 obs. of  11 variables:\n",
      " $ manufacturer: chr  \"audi\" \"audi\" \"audi\" \"audi\" ...\n",
      " $ model       : chr  \"a4\" \"a4\" \"a4\" \"a4\" ...\n",
      " $ displ       : num  1.8 1.8 2 2 2.8 2.8 3.1 1.8 1.8 2 ...\n",
      " $ year        : int  1999 1999 2008 2008 1999 1999 2008 1999 1999 2008 ...\n",
      " $ cyl         : int  4 4 4 4 6 6 6 4 4 4 ...\n",
      " $ trans       : chr  \"auto(l5)\" \"manual(m5)\" \"manual(m6)\" \"auto(av)\" ...\n",
      " $ drv         : chr  \"f\" \"f\" \"f\" \"f\" ...\n",
      " $ cty         : int  18 21 20 21 16 18 18 18 16 20 ...\n",
      " $ hwy         : int  29 29 31 30 26 26 27 26 25 28 ...\n",
      " $ fl          : chr  \"p\" \"p\" \"p\" \"p\" ...\n",
      " $ class       : chr  \"compact\" \"compact\" \"compact\" \"compact\" ...\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "library(ggplot2)\n",
    "\n",
    "df <- mpg\n",
    "head(mpg)\n",
    "str(mpg)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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eMCKTZDkAIjPJqySNm4QIrNEKTACI+m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\nYwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Data and Aesthetics Layer \n",
    "pl <- ggplot(df,aes(x = class) )\n",
    "pl + geom_bar()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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qN/h/UGwllCkmdISLKrrKDxzi/tbuLf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\nBAgJYAKEBDABQgKYACEBTICQACbwf6lTiJUCQ7qMAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pl + geom_bar(color = 'blue', fill = 'white')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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NlDQeqXIIEBuYKYPRSkfgkSGJAriNlDQeqXIIEBuYKYPRSkfgkSGJAriNlDQeqX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\ntYH+H/uj9K80FUZBAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pl + geom_bar(\n",
    "    aes(fill = drv)\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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rWeLJGLIk3PP0yvfzDjL2NPBkEkRGo9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\nY404gZZiAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pl + geom_bar(\n",
    "    aes(fill = drv),\n",
    "    position = \"dodge\"\n",
    "\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "help(geom_bar)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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/X+M7ufZQkUqTknS8/uYnT4N0U6/dTu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\nRpEcZ8IokuNMmP8HIYewnvRyrwgAAAAASUVORK5CYII=",
      "text/plain": [
       "plot without title"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pl + geom_bar(\n",
    "    aes(fill = drv),\n",
    "    position = \"fill\"\n",
    "\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "R",
   "language": "R",
   "name": "ir"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": "r",
   "file_extension": ".r",
   "mimetype": "text/x-r-source",
   "name": "R",
   "pygments_lexer": "r",
   "version": "3.6.1"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 4
}