This file tracks information related to the COVID-19 viral outbreak that started in Wuhan, China, in late 2019.
These notes were started on January 17, 2020, with an eye on data-related matters, especially data sharing (or the lack of it), as per the more broadly scoped umbrella file, emergency-response.md. By that date, the virus and the disease had not been named, and the outbreak was thought to be largely limited to Wuhan, which explains the name of this file.
Since then, lots of sources of information (and misinformation) on the topic have sprung up, both the virus and the disease have received official names, and rather than detailing things here, I have tried to insert my notes into the Wikimedia ecosystem when appropriate, and into the documentation of the project "Quantifying the Impact of Data Sharing on Outbreak Dynamics" (QIDSOD). Similar — and by now more comprehensive — documentation has sprung up in many places, e.g. here.
- WikiProject COVID-19
- Wikidata
- English Wikipedia
- Meta
- proposal for crisis wikis
- http://virological.org/ for specialists
- http://covidreport.net/ for public
- https://covid19relay.org/wiki/Covid19Relay — similar in scope
- https://www.endcoronavirus.org/ for everyone to be part of the solution
- Coronavirus Tech Handbook — similar to the above, but conscious of licensing
- Reddit for broader public
- UVA
- Charlottesville
- sewing requests (for masks)
- CoronaWiki
- RDA Working Group on COVID-19
- with 5 subgroups on Omics, Clinical, Epidemiology, Social Sciences, Community Participation
- GitHub
- search for COVID-19 repositories under CC0
- Awesome COVID-19 resources — curated by Finn Nielsen
- COVID-19 Earth Observation Dashboard
This section started out as being about situation reports from various sources, but has since evolved. For an overview of the situation in different contexts, see Wikipedia.
- WHO
- US
- CDC
- see also their Epidemic Prediction Initiative
- https://www.coronavirus.gov/
- https://www.usa.gov/coronavirus
- https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus
- FDA page on drug shortages
- California
- Virginia
- Bureau of Labor Statistics
- CDC
- Germany
- South Korea
- Korean CDC 질병관리본부 (inactive)
- replaced by dedicated SARS-CoV-2 website 코로나바이러스감염증-19 at Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare
- Korean CDC 질병관리본부 (inactive)
- COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) — background
- Nextstrain
- HealthMap (acknowledgements)
- based on BeOutBreakPrepared
- call for help receives great digital response
- nCoV2019 Data Explorer
- Coronavirus Tracker
- NCoV2019 Live — built by a highschooler
- nCovForecast
- Worldometer
- Coronavirus COVID-19 România
- University of Washington Virology COVID-19 Dashboard
- Total confirmed cases versus total confirmed deaths (by country)
- Comparing the infection curves of different countries
- CoVID 19 Worldwide Growth Rates
- COVID-19_virus dashboard — by a college student
- COVID-19 Event Horizon
- described here
- Nature
- Coronavirus collection (continuously updated content tagged with the same DOI)
- New England Journal of Medicine
- The Lancet
- Science
- Elsevier
- MedRxiv
- Zeit
- STAT News
- 25 February 2020: Live from Geneva with Dr Bruce Aylward, lead of the #COVID19 international experts mission in #China
- 2 March 2020: China’s cases of Covid-19 are finally declining. A WHO expert explains why.
- https://twitter.com/search?q=(wuhan%20AND%20(virus%20OR%20outbreak%20OR%20viral%20OR%20epidemic))%20OR%20(ncov%20OR%20(novel%20AND%20coronavirus))
- bot: https://twitter.com/ncovscience
- Thread Reader app: https://twitter.com/threadreaderapp (example)
- Here’s a Timeline of How China’s Viral Outbreak Spread Worldwide (as of January 24, 2020)
- Reuters
- from supposed patient 1
- Timeline: The Regulations—and Regulators—That Delayed Coronavirus Testing
- Coronavirus may have been in Wuhan in August, study suggests
These are some of the questions that have been open at some point in the pandemic. Loads of them have been posted in places like the biological or medical Stack Exchange sites. Some have decent answers by now.
- Why the Coronavirus Has Been So Successful — overview of what's known about the virus, the disease and the outbreak as of mid-March 2020
- Was the Huanan seafood market at the epicenter?
- If so,
- what there was it?
- Which animal was the host from which the virus jumped over?
- Which humans were the first to be infected?
- Who was in contact with the infected?
- When was it?
- what there was it?
- If not, then what was?
- If so,
- How does the virus spread?
- Can it be transmitted from human to human?
- apparently yes
- Can it be transmitted sexually?
- Can it be transmitted vertically, leading to congenital infection?
- Can it be transmitted from human to human?
- Some more questions here
- WHO chief does not declare a public health emergency (part ii)
- Are snakes a natural reservoir? — misinformation and responsibility around data sharing
- 2020-02-03: Scientific Puzzles Surrounding the Wuhan Novel Coronavirus
- Schema for Coronavirus special announcements, Covid-19 Testing Facilities and more
- COVID-19 schema for CDC hospital reporting
- Wellcome-led statement Sharing research data and findings relevant to the novel coronavirus, reaffirming the 2016 one
- 7 Funder principles for research in epidemics
- "Research should be grounded in equity, transparency & open data. These principles represent a paradigm shift in approach to global research funding in epidemics going forward"
- number 4: " 4. Open science and data sharing"
- "To require that research findings and data relevant to the epidemic are shared rapidly and openly to inform the public health response. "
- RDA-COVID19 Working Group
- 2019 Novel Coronavirus COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) Data Repository by Johns Hopkins CSSE
- the basis for almost everyone's visualizations
- Novel Coronavirus 2019 time series data on cases
- cleaned and streamlined version of the Johns Hopkins data above
- Summaries and analyses of data related to n-CoV 2019
- commentary: Open access epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak — not open access, but undersigned by "Open COVID-19 Data Curation Group"
- Meet the International Team Mapping the Real-Time Spread of COVID-19
- COVID-19 literature
- COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19)
- visualization engine
- search engine on top of that
- code
- implementation — defunct as of 20 April 2020, no copy on Internet Archive
- COVID-19 tweets
- Google Dataset Search for COVID-19
- Covid19Relay — a dedicated Wikibase instance for COVID-19-related information
- Simulation of school closures in Berlin as a function of epidemiological parameters
- Publon's COVID-19 corpus
- Coronavirus Immunotherapy Consortium
- covid19data
- 2020-03-17: A fiasco in the making? As the coronavirus pandemic takes hold, we are making decisions without reliable data by John Ioannidis
- We know enough now to act decisively against Covid-19. Social distancing is a good place to start — rebuttal by Marc Lipsitch
- A fiasco in the making: More data is not the answer to the coronavirus pandemic — another rebuttal by Harry Crane
- A rebuttal to "A fiasco in the making?" by Hilda Bastian
- short Twitter responses
- Why you are harming others by not "overreacting"
- long Twitter thread "Let’s talk about what happens if you get COVID19 and recover."
- See also
- "HOWEVER BIG FLOODS GET, there will always be a bigger one coming. So says one theory of extremes, and experience suggests it is true."
- Evidence over hysteria — COVID-19 (deleted shortly after publication)
- debunked by Carl Bergstrom
- https://twitter.com/RH4N6/status/1223325945110704131
- https://twitter.com/DrDenaGrayson/status/1223241354479906816
- 2020-02-23: Past Time to Tell the Public: “It Will Probably Go Pandemic, and We Should All Prepare Now”
- 2020-03-20: Politically infectious period — outlines differences and overlap between incubation period and infectious period
- 2020-03-20: Why we’re not overreacting to the coronavirus, in one chart
- Pre-release tweet by WHO
- Chinese researchers reveal draft genome of virus implicated in Wuhan pneumonia outbreak
- With comments — including by Jeremy Farrar — on data sharing and (the lack of) attribution
- the original post is not available any more
- GISAID collects sequence data and makes it available to registered users under https://gisaid.org/CoV2020
- Genbank
- BLAST
- origin in bats: https://twitter.com/CDCgov/status/1223259675573080064
- https://twitter.com/Jhonny_hidu/status/1222023746371780609
- https://twitter.com/FLAHAULT/status/1221387863054606337
- MRC Report estimating the number of cases
- https://twitter.com/evdefender/status/1224516837318307840
- https://twitter.com/VGKnightinArmor/status/1225065199801004037 real numbers accidentally leaked, allegedly
- https://twitter.com/rohitindians/status/1225268657330089985 more comment on this
- For Germany, a detailed risk analysis is available via "Risikoanalyse Bevölkerungsschutz Bund — Pandemie durch Virus „Modi-SARS“"
- JOGL's COVID-19 Challenges
- Terra's COVID-19 workspace with analysis workflows for viral genomic data
- https://nextstrain.org/ncov
- based on GISAID data
- Preliminary phylogenetic analysis of 11 nCoV2019 genomes, 2020-01-19
- Cruise ship Diamond Princess
- Iceland is testing a random sample of its population systematically
- https://twitter.com/JeremyFarrar/status/1221477164115275777
- 2020-02-19: Reuters reviews the COVID-19 publication landscape
- https://twitter.com/tsrabbit3/status/1221464975761297409
- https://twitter.com/dryusufyesil/status/1223318011463028742
- reframed as "healthy distancing" in The Behavioral Side of COVID-19
- party conventions in drive-in movie theatre
- data integration of disease vulnerability and air traffic
- Mapping of cases so far
- Virginia cases
- German cases
- Map of destinations from Wuhan Tianhe International Airport
- https://twitter.com/DNLandkar/status/1223582465165611009
- 2020-02-04: Experts envision two scenarios if the new coronavirus isn’t contained
- 2020-03-18: At least 400,000 infections expected (in Thailand) — peak of infections projected for early 2021
- "the pandemic and some imposed restrictions could last two years." (in Germany)
- about 85% of the "officially enrolled" learners have been affected by their schools being closed as of mid-March 2020
- lots of online initiatives
- Earth School — background
- Colorona book — a coloring book about the corona virus
- Some key themes that are emerging
- How to triage patients when fewer healthcare resources are available than needed?
- guidelines by professional bodies
- How to balance population health with
- individual freedoms
- economics
- How to triage patients when fewer healthcare resources are available than needed?
- Wellcome pledges £10 million to tackle novel coronavirus epidemic
- EU: Advancing knowledge for the clinical and public health response to the 2019-nCoV epidemic (SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-2020)
- UKRI: 2019-nCoV Rapid Response Call
- DEVPOST Coronavirus hackathons (multiple times and places)
- EU Datathon (12-15 October 2020)
- The Resiliency Challenge (3 April - 7 June 2020)
- Virtual Biohackathon (online, 5-11 April 2020)
- OHDSI COVID-19 virtual study-a-thon (online, 26-29 March 2020)
- Wir versus Virus hackathon (online, all around Germany, 20-22 March 2020)
- Hack the Crisis Finland (online, all around Finland, 20-22 March 2020)
- Ventilators inserting a 3d printed valve into a Decathlon snorkling mask.
- Open Source Pandemic Ventilator with Raspberry Pi, Arduino and off the shelve parts
- Nice overviews
- meeting on Jan 22
- decision postponed to Jan 23
- January 23: "I am not declaring a public health emergency of international concern today."
- next meeting announced for January 30
- Public Health Emergency of International Concern declared on January 30
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"Misconceptions disappear only if there is some equally simple but more relevant way of thinking to replace them." (Hans Rosling)
- https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jan/31/bat-soup-dodgy-cures-and-diseasology-the-spread-of-coronavirus-bunkum
- https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jan/31/coronavirus-misinformation-spread-facebook-conspiracy-theories
- https://twitter.com/HongKongFP/status/1216974257386733569
- https://twitter.com/nytimes/status/1220059835644944384
- https://twitter.com/danhaddock3/status/1220718365943091200
- https://twitter.com/SalahidinU1/status/1221623656171917314
- https://twitter.com/asianpocunite/status/1221566767161626630
- https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/coronavirus-drei-lehren-aus-der-krise-kolumne-a-566d9c89-4c5e-445c-beb0-84050e0c308e
- https://twitter.com/Anfield_king/status/1222017662898724865
- https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/harvard-university-professor-and-two-chinese-nationals-charged-three-separate-china-related
- Google launched SOS alerts
- https://twitter.com/DrTedros/status/1223288483265089537
- https://twitter.com/The_Dr_Caveman/status/1223361888647622657
- https://twitter.com/rocza/status/1223268734166609920
- https://twitter.com/ncovscience/status/1223273856330235905
- https://twitter.com/kaluhm333h/status/1223226233988751360
- https://twitter.com/EpiEllie/status/1223449835791114241
- https://twitter.com/Laurie_Garrett/status/1223426726732226562
- https://twitter.com/NoisyTurtle2600/status/1223424512256929792
- https://twitter.com/rreithinger/status/1223380549785485312
- https://twitter.com/balajis/status/1223377720593338372
- https://twitter.com/Laurie_Garrett/status/1223290234437238786
- https://twitter.com/Dali_Yang/status/1222570017239203841
- https://twitter.com/mugecevik/status/1223692268672032774 - preprint withdrawn
- https://twitter.com/davidpaulk/status/1223603801363365893 - one of the 8 doctors who sounded a virus alarm in Wuhan in early December and were detained for it has been reported as being infected himself
- https://twitter.com/evdefender/status/1224516837318307840 - suspicion of falsified data about number of cases
- http://web.archive.org/save/https://news.abs-cbn.com/overseas/02/07/20/death-of-chinese-doctor-fuels-anger-demands-for-change-on-chinas-handling-of-virus-crisis
- English translation of the note that the police had made him sign after he had warned of the outbreak: https://twitter.com/alanwongw/status/1225777055024869376
- https://twitter.com/VGKnightinArmor/status/1225065199801004037 real numbers accidentally leaked, allegedly
- On Wikipedia, a fight is raging over coronavirus disinformation
- The possible origins of 2019-nCoV coronavirus
- looks at two virology labs closed to the market where the outbreak originated and suggests studies of bats and their viruses performed there could be at the origin of the outbreak
- manuscript published on Researchgate (rather than through a preprint server) and quickly taken down afterwards
- Singapore makes details of COVID-19 patients public
- Chinese laboratory that first shared coronavirus genome with world ordered to close for ‘rectification’, hindering its Covid-19 research — Chinese lab shut down after sharing the genome sequence of the virus
- The Coronavirus and How Political Spin Has Worsened Epidemics — on past epidemics and what their analysis reveals about the relation between politicians and facts
- Partly false claim: a 1981 book predicted the coronavirus 2019 outbreak
- The West Is About to Fail the Coronavirus Test — China made huge mistakes managing the outbreak. The rest of the world may not do any better.
-
Unless governments choose to strengthen global health coordination and enact evidence-based policies, the result, in both authoritarian and democratic states alike, will be a man-made disaster as much as a natural one.
-
- We Predicted a Coronavirus Pandemic. Here’s What Policymakers Could Have Seen Coming. Last year we ran a disaster scenario shockingly similar to the news now. Here’s what experts realized the world is getting wrong, and how they can fix it.
"We also concluded that communication is vital—but a decline in trust makes it harder. Dramatic shifts in the world also raised new alarm bells for health security in our exercise. The first of these is the need for consistent messaging and trusted sources of information. A critical ingredient for addressing pandemics is public order and obedience to protocols, rationing, and other measures that might be needed. Today, public trust in institutions and leaders is fragile, with routine evidence of intentional disinformation by foreign actors and elected officials alike." "Across all the threat streams we examined, early detection, public and international trust and information sharing, and harnessing innovation in the private sector were vital to effective risk reduction."
- Most trustworthy professions
- 'More scary than coronavirus': South Korea's health alerts expose private lives
- Google Fact Check Explorer for coronavirus
- Authors to correct influential Imperial College COVID-19 report after learning it cited a withdrawn preprint
- Florida scientist says she was ousted after refusing to manipulate state’s COVID-19 data
- Coronavirus data has already disappeared after Trump administration shifted control from CDC
- new HHS portal for COVID-19
- see also the CDC dashboard and a note displayed there
-
" IMPORTANT: Data displayed on this page was submitted directly to CDC’s National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) and does not include data submitted to other entities contracted by or within the federal government."
-
- An Open Letter from the American Medical Informatics Association and the American College of Medical Informatics Regarding Public Health Reporting Deficiencies During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- HHS memo ties compliance with these new reporting requirements to availability of remdesivir for the data-reporting facilities
- COVID-19 and indigenous people (Twitter search)
- Australia
- Brazil
- Canada
- Chad and internationally
- RDA is working on Indigenous data related to COVID-19
- semi-global map of native land
- Tribe, environmentalists fight rollback of US water rule — on Navajo protest against rescinding of water protection
- Chinese boy with cerebral palsy dies while father is in virus quarantine
- Japan testing 3,700 people quarantined on cruise ship after Hong Kong novel coronavirus case
- On January 24, 2020, the Washington Post ran a piece specifically on the pace and openness of research on the virus and how it reflects a change in the scientific culture "Scientists are unraveling the Chinese coronavirus with unprecedented speed and openness"
- lots of good tidbits there, albeit encumbered by aggressive DRM
-
“Imagine walking from Chicago to San Francisco, and then imagine taking a plane from Chicago to San Francisco. That’s kind of the difference,” Mesecar said.
-
He hopes revealing the secrets of how the virus works will help calm the spreading panic. He noted that influenza sickens and kills large numbers of people in the United States and globally each year, but doesn’t trigger a worldwide panic because the risks are understood and a vaccine exists.
-
“When you don’t understand something, you panic. You have fear. When you gain an understanding, you don’t fear something as much — you know how it’s going to operate,” Mesecar said. “By sharing that information faster ... both research as well as what’s happening on the ground with individuals, I’m hoping that panic and that fear are going to go down.”
-
- lots of good tidbits there, albeit encumbered by aggressive DRM
- Wikimedia
- Cloudflare
- Stack Exchange/ Stack Overflow — high surge on multiple sites, highest for Academia, with collection of resources around online education
- Coronavirus in Africa: Five reasons why Covid-19 has been less deadly than elsewhere — brief comparison, focus on Africa
- Brazil stops releasing Covid-19 death toll and wipes data from official site
-
"Doctors across Brazil said the lack of information would hinder management of the pandemic as cases moved from big cities into its vast interior. “How is a manager going to reallocate resources and organise vacancies and transporting the sick if they don’t have data?” said Guilherme Pivoto, an infectious diseases specialist in Manaus, one of Brazil’s worst-hit cities."
-
- COVID-19 flyer by Robert-Koch-Institut
- Thuringia
- Jena
- Allgemeinverfügung 18 March — details on partial lockdown
- Allgemeinverfügung 19 March
- posters
- Jena
- COVID cold spots
- Coronavirus: Italy's hardest-hit city wants you to see how COVID-19 is affecting its hospitals
- changes in the number of obituaries in a daily newspaper, Eco di Bergamo
- Presentation: Japan’s COVID-19 Response (as of June 1, 2020)
- Wikipedia: COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania
- Will Jacinda Ardern's popularity endure?
- Lessons from New Zealand's COVID-19 outbreak response
- COVID-19 in New Zealand and the impact of the national response: a descriptive epidemiological study
- commentary on the two papers above
- Wikipedia: COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan
- Wired: How Taiwan’s Unlikely Digital Minister Hacked the Pandemic
- Containing the coronavirus (COVID-19): Lessons from Vietnam (April 30)
- outlines a four-tier contact tracing approach (source)
- half a year into the pandemic, and still no single COVID-19 death in a population of 94 million, with only a few hundred infected (June 10)
- Vietnam: COVID-19 Response (June 17)
- Zero COVID-19 Deaths in Vietnam (July 9)
There is now a Wikipedia article 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic and climate change
- Carbon footprint effects of the pandemic
- New data of #COVID-19 effects on the significant decline of nitrogen dioxide over China, now again increasing as lockdown is over
- based on this ESA video
- also mentioned in this Twitter thread, along with airline capacity reductions and dolphins visibly returning to Venice due to clearer waters
- Air quality in Los Angeles before and after lockdown
- Bird breeding on car that is parking long-term due to the COVID-19 lockdown
- 2020-03-18: The world is coming together to fight coronavirus. It can do the same for the climate crisis
- ‘We can’t go back to normal’: how will coronavirus change the world?
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"Any glance at history reveals that crises and disasters have continually set the stage for change, often for the better."
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"But crises can also send societies down darker paths."
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"In her 2009 book, A Paradise Built in Hell, Solnit used case studies of disasters – including the 1985 Mexico City earthquake, the 2001 terror attacks and Hurricane Katrina – to argue that emergencies aren’t just moments when bad things get worse, or when people inevitably become more scared, suspicious and self-centred. Instead she foregrounded the ways in which disasters opened up human reserves of improvisation, solidarity and resolve, pockets of purpose and joy, even in the midst of loss and pain."
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"That screaming buzzsaw noise in the background of this conversation is the sound of the climate crisis. If 2008 is the disaster that Klein and like-minded thinkers want to avoid repeating, climate change is the much bigger disaster they see coming – that they know is already here – and that they want to fight off."
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"Although Covid-19 is likely the biggest global crisis since the second world war, it is still dwarfed in the long term by climate change. Yet the two problems have suggestive similarities."
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" if we truly accepted we were in a climate emergency, then every day the news would lead with updates about which countries were reducing their emissions the fastest, and people would be clamouring to make sure their leaders were adopting the policies that worked"
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- Coronavirus: What could lifestyle changes mean for tackling climate change?
- There is no vaccine for climate change
- What the coronavirus can teach us about fighting climate change
- Will COVID-19 fiscal recovery packages accelerate or retard progress on climate change?
- COVID-19 recovery funds dwarf clean energy investment needs
- popular summary: How the global coronavirus stimulus could put Paris Agreement on track
- further commentary: Tackling climate change seemed expensive. Then COVID happened.
- Coronavirus: Tracking how the world’s ‘green recovery’ plans aim to cut emissions
- Coronavirus Will Change the World Permanently. Here’s How.
- some quotes
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"“Is there any good reason to do this in person?”"
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"Maybe the de-militarization of American patriotism and love of community will be one of the benefits to come out of this whole awful mess."
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"The coronavirus pandemic marks the end of our romance with market society and hyper-individualism."
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"All faiths have dealt with the challenge of keeping faith alive under the adverse conditions of war or diaspora or persecution—but never all faiths at the same time."
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"Plagues drive change."
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"The resistance—led by teachers’ unions and the politicians beholden to them—to allowing partial homeschooling or online learning for K-12 kids has been swept away by necessity."
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"This is breaking open a medium with human generosity and empathy."
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"VR allows us to have the experiences we want even if we have to be isolated, quarantined or alone. Maybe that will be how we adapt and stay safe in the next outbreak."
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"Out of necessity, remote office visits could skyrocket in popularity as traditional-care settings are overwhelmed by the pandemic."
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"This crisis should unleash widespread political support for Universal Family Care"
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"The coronavirus has laid bare the failures of our costly, inefficient, market-based system for developing, researching and manufacturing medicines and vaccines."
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"Unlike with tobacco use or climate change, science doubters will be able to see the impacts of the coronavirus immediately."
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"Coronavirus is going to force many institutions to go virtual. One that would greatly benefit from the change is the U.S. Congress."
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"The widely accepted idea that government is inherently bad won’t persist after coronavirus."
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" The coronavirus is this century’s most urgent challenge to humanity. Harnessing a new sense of solidarity, citizens of states and cities will rise to face the enormous challenges ahead such as climate change and transforming our era of historic inequality into one of economic inclusion."
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"It’s clear that in a crisis, the rules don’t apply—which makes you wonder why they are rules in the first place. This is an unprecedented opportunity to not just hit the pause button and temporarily ease the pain, but to permanently change the rules so that untold millions of people aren’t so vulnerable to begin with."
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"Most of all, we need to remember that public trust is crucial to governance—and that trust depends on telling the truth."
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"Expect a political uprising"
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"Electronic voting goes mainstream"
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- some quotes
- OpenCV Social Distancing Detector — Use computer vision to measuree social distancing
- International COVID-19 Data Research Alliance and Workbench
- Public Health Emergency COVID-19 Initiative
- Overnight, COVID-19 heightens the need for Open Science
- Wastewater COVID-19 Tracking - Massachusetts Water Resources Authority